浅议我国地下水取水工程登记管理

在分析我国地下水取水工程登记管理现状的基础上,提出做好地下水取水工程登记管理工作对于提高地下水取水工程管理水平、促进地下水管理与保护、更好地服务于经济社会发展具有十分重要的现实意义。     

行业综合信息

云南大理市出台《地下水资源管理办法》为切实加强地下水资源管理,合理开发利用地下水资源,防止地下水资源污染,云南省大理市根据《中华人民共和国水法》、《取水许可和水资源费征收管理条例》的相关规定,结合该市地下水资源实际情况出台了《大理市地下水资源管理办法》(以下简称“办法”)。“办法”规定:建设单位和个人应当按照取水许可证批准的取水许可量按时缴纳水资源费;因具有临时抗旱、消防等特殊功能的地下水取水工程,其所有权人向市水利局提出申请并经批准,可以保留其取水井,但所有权人应当采取封闭取水井等有效措施保障取水井安全;…     

地下水取水工程建设管理制度体系研究

我国目前地下水取水工程管理体系尚不健全,导致地下水取水工程建设市场混乱、质量参差不齐。通过进一步完善地下水取水工程管理法规体系、逐步规范建设市场、逐步完善双控措施等手段,加强地下水取水工程管理,确保地下水合理取用,遏制我国地下水超采区扩大、地下水污染日益严重的趋势。     

地下水取水工程管理

一慨述 1地下水资源开发利用历史与现状 地下水取水工程是指人类建造的用于集蓄或提取地下水资源的工程,常见的地下水取水工程有机井、管井、筒井、大口井、大骨料井、辐射井、多管井、坎儿井、马槽井、渗渠、水窖和地下水库等,其中我国北方地区以机井最为常见。地下水资源利用在我国具有悠久的历史,数千年前的远古时期就有“掘井而饮”和“凿井以灌田”的实例。     

地下水机井普查中设备型号确定的快捷方法

第一次全国水利普查是一项重要的国情国力调查,是国家资源环境调查的重要组成部分,地下水取水井普查是水利普查的专项普查之一.通过对地下水取水井的普查,查清地下水取水井的数量、分布及取水量等基本信息,建立地下水取水工程基础信息平台,将为强化地下水取水井及地下水水源地的监督与管理,合理开发、有效利用、积极保护地下水资源,实施最严格的水资源管理制度提供基础支撑和保障.     

张家口市地下水资源保护谈

合理开发地下水,防止含水层枯竭,控制水质污染和恶化。地下水是一种可以得到补偿的资源,如果开发得当,不仅可以用较少的取水工程得到较多的水量,而且还可以长期持续利用;     

水利普查地下水取水井专项问题和对策

地下水取水井普查是水利普查的专项之一.地下水是水资源的重要组成部分,是维系生态环境的控制性要素之一,也是抗旱和应急供水的重要水源.此次普查的目的是查清全国地下水取水井的数量、分布以及取水量等信息,查清地下水水源地情况,建立地下水取水工程基础信息平台,为强化监督与管理,合理开发、有效利用、积极保护地下水资源,实施最严格的水资源管理制度提供基础支撑和保障.     

河源市春沐源温泉水资源分析

分析了广东省河源市春沐源温泉地下水资源开发利用现状,并对春沐源温泉地下水取水工程进行了水资源论证.结果表明:温泉的取水量为648 m3/d,年最大取水量23.65万m3,用水量合理;温泉井最大开采量为993.7 m3/d,温泉水水质达标,取水可靠;年取水量占地下水资源总量的0.26％,对地下水影响小.     

对扶风县地下水管理监测工作的思考

本文依据扶风县地下水资源及管理监测工作现状,分析了目前在地下水管理监测方面存在的主要问题是地下水取水工程建设管理执法难度大、监测设备落后、监测井数量少和监测经费不足等问题,地下水管理和监测是地下水资源合理开发利用,保护生态环境的基础研究工作,对地下水资源的保护、利用及经济建设、公共饮水安全起着重要的作用,提出了加强管理严格执法、加快监测网建设步伐和提高监测工作水平等建议,对进一步加强地下水管理和监测,维护地下水取水工程建设秩序,提高地下水取水工程质量和地下水监测工作有一定的指导和借鉴意义     

地下水取水工程管理亟待加强

地下水取水工程是地下水管理的载体,也是地下水管理的对象。本文阐述了加强旗下水取水工程管理的重要性,提出加强管理的内容和措施,具有一定参考价值。     

Challenges and Prospects of Sustainable Groundwater Management in the Indus Basin,Pakistan

In Pakistan, on-demand availability of groundwater has transformed the concept of low and uncertain crop yields into more assured crop production. Increased crop yields has resulted in food security and improved rural livelihoods. However, this growth has also led to problems of overdraft, falling water tables and degradation of groundwater quality, and yields generally remain well below potential levels. Over the last three decades, Pakistan has tried several direct and indirect management strategies for groundwater management. However the success has been limited. This paper argues that techno-institutional approaches such as introducing water rights, direct or indirect pricing and permit systems are fraught with difficulties in Pakistan due to its high population density and multitude of tiny users. Therefore there is a need to develop frameworks and management tools that are best suited to Pakistani needs. Pakistan should follow both supply and demand management approaches. For demand management, adoption of water conservation technologies, revision of existing cropping patterns and exploration of alternate water resources should be encouraged. For supply management, implementation of the groundwater regulatory frameworks developed by Provincial Irrigation and Drainage Authorities (PIDAs) and introduction of institutional reforms to enhance effective coordination between different organizations responsible for the management of groundwater resources should be given priority.     

对地下水动态监测工作的思考

地下水动态监测,对于水量和水质评价,以及水资源的合理开发利用,有非常重要的意义。简要说明唐山市地下水动态监测工作的现状,并以唐山市地下水动态监测工作为例,阐述地下水动态监测工作中存在的主要问题,提出解决办法,以保证地下水动态监测工作的正常顺利进行。最后,从加强地下水管理、优化地下水动态监测站网、实现自动化地下水动态监测提出一定建议。     

地下水资源管理新技术与新方法

近年,随着科学技术的飞速发展,地下水资源管理新技术与新方法不断涌现．地下水资源管理进入了一个新阶段,为了进一步提高我国地下水管理水平,更好地指导我国地下水管理工作,在综合分析国内外地下水管理技术现状的基础上,重点介绍了在地下水资源调查评价、地下水管理模型与软件、地下水勘查物探新技术、地下水监测技术与设备、地下水修复技术、地下水补源等领域出现的新技术与新方法。     

GIS-Based Groundwater Management Model for Western Nile Delta

The limited availability of renewable fresh water is a major constraint on future agriculture and urban development in Egypt. The main water resource that Egypt has been depending on is the River Nile. Nowadays, the role of groundwater is steadily increasing and will cover 20% of the total water supply in the coming decades especially in the reclaimed areas along the desert fringes of the Nile Delta and Valley. Abstraction from groundwater in Egypt is dynamic in nature as it grows rapidly with the expansion of irrigation activities, industrialization, and urbanization. One of these areas is the Western Nile Delta in which the groundwater is exploited in many localities. To avoid the deterioration of the aquifer system in this area, an efficient integrated and sustainable management plan for groundwater resources is needed. Efficient integrated and sustainable management of water resources relies on a comprehensive database that represents the characteristics of the aquifer system and modeling tools to achieve the impacts of decision alternatives. In this paper, a GIS-based model has been developed for the aquifer system of the Western Nile Delta. The GIS provides the utilization of analytical tools and visualization capabilities for pre-and post-processing information involved in groundwater modeling for the study area. The developed model was calibrated for steady state and transient conditions against the historical groundwater heads observed during the last 20 yr. The calibrated model was used to evaluate groundwater potentiality and to test two alternative management scenarios for conserving the aquifer system in Western Nile Delta. In the first scenario, reducing the surface water inflow while increasing the annual abstraction from groundwater by about 450 million m³ and improving the irrigation system could increase the net aquifer recharge by about 5.7% and reduce the aquifer potentiality by about 91%. Constructing a new canal as a second management scenario could increase the annual aquifer potentiality by about 23%. The GIS-based model has been proven to be an efficient tool for formulating integrated and sustainable management plan.     

地下水管理立法问题研究

超采地下水带来的严重危害引起了党中央的高度重视和社会的强烈关注。采取包括法律手段在内的综合措施推进地下水超采治理,是贯彻落实中央领导指示精神,缓解地下水超采最有效、有力的措施之一。针对地下水管理立法现状,提出加快制定地下水管理的专门法规,完善规划水资源论证制度和地下水超采区管理制度,建立取水井管理、新增取水区域限批、地下水监测和公众参与等重点管理制度,强化行政责任、法律责任和刑事责任等。     

Groundwater management and protection in Denmark: a review of pre-conditions,advances and challenges

Denmark is making continuous efforts to attain sustainable groundwater management. With groundwater constituting virtually the only resource for all water uses, groundwater management was addressed early on and has progressed over the last century. This article gives an overview of the advances, along with past and present challenges in securing sustainable groundwater utilization. The objective is to document comprehensively the Danish case and to highlight some of the unique conditions and principles that have shaped and facilitated groundwater management in the country.     

宁河县地下水状况及开采控制研究

分析了1987-2007年宁河县地下水各含水层组年水位埋深、开采量变化情况以及累计水位降深与累计开采量、沉降量的变化规律,明确了地下水超采是引起宁河县地面沉降及水位降深增加的主要原因。为了控制地面沉降及水位持续下降的趋势,结合宁河县地下水超采状况、经济发展和地下水资源的战略储备需要,制定了以控制地面沉降量为约束条件的控沉方案,最终通过建立宁河县地下水数值模型,并结合约束条件,预测了3个水平年地下水开采控制方案。研究成果可为今后宁河县地下水优化管理及开采控制研究提供参考。     

Application of Bayesian Decision Networks for Groundwater Resources Management Under the Conditions of High Uncertainty and Data Scarcity

This paper presents management of groundwater resource using a Bayesian Decision Network (BDN). The Kordkooy region in North East of Iran has been selected as study area. The region has been sub-divided into three zones based on transmissivity (T) and electrical conductivity (EC) values. The BDN parameters: prior probabilities and Conditional Probability Tables - CPTs) have been identified for each of the three zones. Three groups of management scenarios have been developed based on the two decision variables including “Crop pattern” and “Domestic water demand” across the three zones of the study area: 1) status quo management for all three zones represent current conditions; 2) the effect of change in cropping pattern on management endpoints and 3) the effect of future increased domestic water demand on management endpoints. The outcomes arising from implementing each scenario have been predicted by use of the constructed BDN for each of the zones. Results reveal that probability of drawdown in groundwater levels of southern areas is relatively high compared with other zones. Groundwater withdrawal from northern and northwestern areas of the study area should be limited due to the groundwater quality problems associated with shallow groundwater of these two zones. The ability of the Bayesian Decision Network to take into account key uncertainties in natural resources and perform meaningful analysis in cases where there is not a vast amount of information and observed data available – and opportunities for enabling inputs for the analysis based partly on expert elicitation,emphasizes key advantages of this approach for groundwater management and addressing the groundwater related problems in a data-scarce area.     

An Integrated Groundwater Management Mode Based on Control Indexes of Groundwater Quantity and Level

Groundwater is an important source of freshwater throughout the world. Due to over-exploitation of groundwater over many years, a number of potential adverse hydrogeological problems have raised. To reduce such adverse effects, it is necessary to carry out strict groundwater management in over-exploited areas. In this study, quantity-level binary control management mode has been developed in Tianjin. Initially, the management is the key to determine control levels of groundwater including the blue line levels (proper levels) and red line levels (warning levels), the blue line levels can be determined by the ground settlement recovery scenario, and the red line levels can be determined through planning groundwater exploitation scenarios. By comparing the real-time observed groundwater data with the blue levels and red levels the management grade of groundwater levels which are present, can thus be identified. Secondly, the corresponding management strategies would be determined by the management grade. On this basis reasonable groundwater levels and mining schemes can be made. Finally, the water quota for each sector can be optimized and adjusted in real time according to the binary groundwater management methodology established in this study. Thus, the exploitation of groundwater can be monitored and dynamically managed by the real-time monitoring levels and the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources can be achieved. To achieve all the objectives mentioned above, it is necessary to provide a powerful tool through the utilization of a numerical model for groundwater management. Based on geological and hydrogeological conditions in Tianjin city, a three-dimensional numerical groundwater flow model was established by coupling a one-dimensional soil consolidation model with MODFLOW model. Through calibration and verification, the model showed good simulation accuracy. It proved that the new management mode can provide a scientific basis for groundwater management.     

A Framework for Ground Water Management Based on Bayesian Network and MCDM Techniques

Groundwater resources are steadily subjected to increasing water demands. The aquifers are considered as the most accessible source of fresh water. In recent years, they have been faced with severe water withdrawal in arid and semi-arid countries like Iran and thus some aquifers was considered as forbidden aquifers that it means the water withdrawal from these aquifers is unauthorized. Given a critical situation, groundwater resources management in the form of tools such as monitoring the level of the aquifers and developing the restoring scenarios is essential. Therefore, for this purpose, a framework has been developed based on prediction of groundwater level using Bayesian Networks (BNs) model. Furthermore, Multi Criteria Decision Making methods (MCDM) techniques proposed and employed for ranking of proposed groundwater management scenarios. This framework was evaluated for restoring the Birjand aquifer in Iran in different hydrological conditions. A probabilistic Dynamic BN was proposed for groundwater level prediction under uncertainties. After analyzing the obtained results, the applicable short term scenarios for groundwater management as well as appropriate economic, social and technical criteria were defined for decision making procedure. Then, using elicitation of decision makers’ opinions on the relative importance and performance of criteria, SAW, TOPSIS and PROMETHEE-II techniques were applied to rank the scenarios and the obtained results were aggregated by Borda method for final ranking of the scenarios. Lastly, the final results demonstrates the capability of the proposed framework for groundwater resources planning and management which can be employed for reducing the risk of aquifer level declining.