高浓度氨氮渗滤液脱氦方式的比较及选择

氨氮浓度高是垃圾渗滤液的水质特征之一,目前对于高浓度氨氮废水的处理方法主要有硝化—反硝化、氨吹脱法、化学沉淀法以及新型生物脱氮技术。基于工程实例,对国内外已有的去除垃圾渗滤液高浓度氨氮的方法进行了阐述和对比,并对渗滤液处理厂脱氮方式的选择提出了建议。     

光催化氧化法处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液的试验研究

在阐述垃圾填埋场渗滤液的产生、特征及国内外治理途径的基础上，对光催化氧化技术用于垃圾填埋场渗滤液的深度处理的可行性及其影响因素进行了实验室规模的试验研究。试验水样取自广州市李坑填埋场渗滤液，经过氧化沟生物法处理的排水，其水质为ｐＨ８０～８５，ＣＯ...     

MBR技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用

通过对垃圾渗滤液的来源及水质特征进行分析,对比近年来国内外垃圾渗滤液的处理工艺技术,并详细介绍了包括厌氧膜生物反应器(AnMBR)技术、厌氧生物处理+MBR技术、物化处理+MBR技术以及MBR与NF/RO膜的耦合等以MBR技术为核心的组合工艺在垃圾渗滤液中的应用,最后分析了MBR技术在垃圾渗滤液处理的发展趋势。     

物化法处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展

简述了垃圾渗滤液的来源与特点,介绍了吸附法、絮凝法、膜分离技术法、高级氧化法及其组合等多种物化法处理渗滤液的研究现状,分析了各种工艺的不足,并对今后垃圾渗滤液处理方法进行了展望。     

研究生论文摘要

生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液生物毒性效应研究研究生:李广科　导师:赵由才(同济大学环境科学与工程学院　2 0 0 0 92 )应用生物检测技术研究考察垃圾渗滤液对生态系统中动、植物的毒性效应。研究从垃圾渗滤液原水及各种工艺处理出水两方面入手,利用大麦、小鼠、鲫鱼为试验材料,初步考察了渗滤液对三种生物的生长及遗传毒性效应,并以此为标准对渗滤液的各种处理工艺进行综合评价。主要考察常规的物化、生化处理工艺对渗滤液的处理效果,以及工艺运行中影响处理效果的各种因素,并利用上述工艺处理渗滤液,为后续生物毒性的研究制备水样。研究结果表明:…     

城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液生物处理技术

城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液污染浓度极高,持续时间长,若不加处理而直接排放,会造成严重的环境污染.分析了渗滤液处理工艺的现状,并结合国内外的工程实例,重点阐述了渗滤液生物处理技术.     

组合工艺处理城市垃圾渗滤液的研究进展

垃圾渗滤液的处理问题已经引起了国内外学者的广泛关注,涌现出了许多新型处理工艺。为此对城市垃圾渗滤液的产生、特点和处理技术进行了综述,重点阐述了组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的国内外最新研究进展,并在此基础上提出了一些建议。     

物化法对垃圾渗滤液COD的去除研究

采用混凝、铁碳微电解、Fenton等物理化学方法去除垃圾渗滤液中的COD,结果表明,单独使用各方法,在最佳条件下能够取得36%~45%的去除效率。为取得更高的COD去除率,进一步研究了综合法对垃圾渗滤液COD的去除,并通过正交试验确定了处理该垃圾渗滤液的最佳Fenton-活性炭吸附条件。其中,通过综合法+微滤膜过滤COD去除率可高于95%,出水COD可降至294mg/L。     

物化法处理垃圾渗滤液中难降解物质

垃圾渗滤液处理过程中COD居高不下的主要原因是其中含有大量难以生物降解的有机物,难降解有机物主要包括腐殖酸、棕黄酸和氨基酸等.小分子的腐殖质占据了大部分出水COD.物化法成为垃圾渗滤液处理工艺中必不可少的处理方法,介绍了混凝沉淀、膜处理技术、微电解、臭氧氧化、光催化氧化等几种对垃圾渗滤液中难降解物质的有效处理方法.阐述了垃圾渗滤液治理技术的发展方向,小分子难降解有机物的预处理或后续处理将成为研究热点.     

垃圾渗滤液的处理现状及新技术分析

介绍了垃圾渗滤液的来源及渗滤液的总体性质,总结了国内外垃圾渗滤液处理的常用工艺,并进行了性能比较,对不同工艺在处理过程中存在的问题进行了分析;针对我国垃圾渗滤液的实际情况,对未来的研究方向进行了展望.     

多级深度生化物化(MBP)工艺处理垃圾渗滤液

介绍了垃圾渗滤液多级深度生化物化处理(MBP)工艺的组成和特点,该工艺生化段主体为立环氧化沟、富氧曝气池和臭氧氧化池;物化段主体为活性炭过滤池、CMF和两级RO反渗透。以滨海新区汉沽垃圾处理场为例,介绍了该工艺在垃圾渗滤液处理工程中的实际应用。近期处理规模为55m3／d,出水达到《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》(GB／T18920-2002)。直接运行费用为17-22元／m3。     

Treatment of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) wastewater by internal electrolysis--biological contact oxidation process

Surfactant wastewater is usually difficult to treat due to its toxicity and poor biodegradability. A separate physico-chemical or biochemical treatment method achieves a satisfactory effect with difficulty. In this study, treatment of the wastewater collected from a daily chemical plant by the combination processes of Fe/C internal electrolysis and biological contact oxidation was investigated. For the internal electrolysis process, the optimal conditions were: pH = 4-5, Fe/C = (10-15):1, air-water ratio = (10-20):1 and hydraulic retention time (HRT)= 2 h. For the biological contact oxidation process, the optimal conditions were: HRT = 12 h, DO = 4.0-5.0 mg/L. Treated by the above combined processes, the effluent could meet the I-grade criteria specified in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard of China (GB 8978-1996). The results provide valuable information for full-scale linear alkylbenzene sulfonate wastewater treatment.     

Degradation of recalcitrant organic contaminants by solar photocatalysis.

Biological pre-treated landfill leachates of Djebel Chakir contains some macromolecular organic substances that are resistant to biological degradation. The aim of the present work is to assess the feasibility of removing refractory organic pollutants in biological pre-treated landfill leachate by solar photocatalyse process. Leachate pollutant contents are studied to assess their contribution to leachate pollution and their treatability by solar photocatalyse process. Phenol is chosen as model of pollutants, to evaluate its removal and the efficiency of the photocatalytic system. The experiments were carried out in suspended photocatalytic reactor, using TiO2 Degussa P25, under sunlight illumination (UV-A: 15-31 W/cm2). Under optimum operational conditions, applied to single reactant (phenol), the system presents a TOC removal of 90% (the degradation follows a first-order kinetic). Based on the TOC removal, the results shows that the degradation of biological pre-treated leachate follows a zero-order kinetic. After 5 h of sunlight exposure, 74% of COT is removed. The TOC removal is the best without any correction of the pH and at the TiO2 concentration of 2.5 g/L. The photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants as well as the formation and disappearance of the by-products were followed by GC/MS. The solar photocatalysis processes induce several modifications of the matrix leading to more biodegradable forms: all the remaining and new compounds generated after the biological pre-treatment of leachate are degraded and other types of organics appear, mainly carboxylic acid, aliphatic hydrocarbons and phtalic acids.     

An overview of the integration of ozone systems in biological treatment steps.

Despite the well-known potential and performance of combined biological and ozonation processes for wastewater treatment, only few full-scale applications are published. Beside the synergistic effects of such process combination, which lead to oxidation of recalcitrant and inhibitory compounds or intermediates by enhancement of their biodegradability, the key for raising applicability is the improvement of the ozonation efficiency. An overview about the history and progress of full-scale applications, which deals with combined ozonation and biological treatment is given. Recently more than 40 applications exist, but many of them are not published. Therefore, a couple of selected not yet published applications have been mentioned in this paper. Landfill leachate and industrial wastewater treatment were mostly applicated, while treatment of municial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are of increasing interest due to several advantages such as disinfection, decolourisation and removal of persistent dissolved organic carbon (DOC) for water re-use and groundwater recharge.     

Biological nutrient removal model No.1 (BNRM1).

This paper presents the results of the work carried out by the CALAGUA Group on Mathematical Modelling of Biological Treatment Processes: the Biological Nutrient Removal Model No.1. This model is based on a new concept for dynamic simulation of wastewater treatment plants: a unique model can be used to design, simulate and optimize the whole plant, as it includes most of the biological and physico-chemical processes taking place in all treatment operations. The physical processes included are: settling and clarification processes (flocculated settling, hindered settling and thickening), volatile fatty acids elutriation and gas-liquid transfer. The chemical interactions included comprise acid-base processes, where equilibrium conditions are assumed. The biological processes included are: organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus removal; acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. Environmental conditions in each operation unit (aerobic, anoxic or anaerobic) will determine which bacterial groups can grow. Thus, only the model parameters related to bacterial groups able to grow in any of the operation units of a specific WWTP will require calibration. One of the most important advantages of this model is that no additional analysis with respect to ASM2d is required for wastewater characterization. Some applications of this model have also been briefly explained in this paper.     

Strong nitrogenous and agro-wastewater: current technological overview and future direction.

Nitrogen input to our environment has increased tremendously during the last four decades. It has been recognized that most of the nitrogenous wastes are produced from animal farms and agro-industries, which discharge a large amount of nitrogen as well as organics. Various biological and physico-chemical means are considered or applied for nitrogen removal. Particularly, biological nitrite nitrification and denitrification, and struvite precipitation have received more attention as applicable processes for strong nitrogenous waste treatment. The advanced oxidation process appears to be more attractive than activated carbon adsorption in terms of the removal of refractory organics when a further treatment of biologically treated effluent is required. Technologies using membrane bioreactors were very effective for solids separation, while reverse osmosis was found to be efficient for water reuse purpose with sufficient removal of refractory organics and nitrogen along with biological treatment. Reuse or recycling of strong nitrogenous wastes and agro-wastewater will be a desirable direction for the future in order to prevent the nitrogenous and organic pollution.     

强化预处理阶段渗滤液可生化性影响因素研究

渗滤液氨氮浓度高、难降解污染物质成分复杂,可生化性差。在预处理阶段,因地制宜地提高可生化性对渗滤液的后续生物处理是至关重要的。试验研究以黑石子垃圾渗滤液强化预处理-生物接触氧化处理技术为依托,研究强化预处理阶段对渗滤液可生化性提高所起的作用。得出以下结论:随强化预处理池DO的升高,CODCr、BOD5去除率升高,渗滤液可生化性在DO为0.7～0.9 mg/L范围内得到明显改善;随温度升高,预处理阶段对渗滤液的有机物去除率及可生化性都有明显的提高;随氨氮容积负荷升高,预处理阶段对渗滤液可生化性都明显的降低;pH值在8.0左右对渗滤液可生化性有明显的提高;随预处理池总磷浓度提高,渗滤液可生化性得到明显改善。     

Removal efficiency of 66 pharmaceuticals during wastewater treatment process in Japan.

Both biological treatment processes including conventional activated sludge (CAS) and biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes, and physico-chemical treatment processes including ozonation process and Title 22 process consisting of coagulation, sedimentation and filtration followed by UV or chlorination disinfection after the above biological processes, were compared from the viewpoint of removal efficiency. 66 pharmaceuticals including antibiotics, analgesics, psychoneurotic agents were measured with SPE-LC/MS/MS. 26 compounds out of 66 were detected in the influent ranging ng/L to microg/L order. Particularly, disopyramide, sulpiride, and dipyridamole that have been rarely detected before in the WWTP, occurred at concentration levels of more than 100 ng/L. The total concentration of the individual pharmaceuticals in the influent was efficiently removed by 80% during the biological treatment. But removal efficiencies of carbamazepine and crotamiton were less than 30%. The total concentration of the individual pharmaceuticals in the effluent from CAS process was 1.5 times higher than that from BNR process. Further, the total concentration of the individual pharmaceuticals in the discharge from WWTPs applying ozonation following activated sludge process was reduced to less than 20%. Physico-chemical treatment train called Title 22 treatment after CAS could not efficiently remove the pharmaceuticals. However, ozonation process followed by biological activated carbon process could efficiently reduce all the residual pharmaceuticals below their quantification limits.