欢度晚年三字经

人已老，度晚年，三字经，记心田。 知足乐，心安然，宁淡泊，莫贪婪。 心态平，莫攀比，为人善，解疑难。 忘忧喜，律已严，遇烦恼，忍为先。 仁者乐，雅兴广，逸情深，心胸宽。     

魏源湖赋

荆楚古邑，宝庆隆中。乙卯降魔，治水劈山，扼河兴湖，名弘魏源。彰群贤壮志，汗青碧湖；酬先哲宏愿，水映金潭。登高远眺，雪峰逶迤，资水蜿蜒；凌空俯瞰，黛镜平铺，翡玉精嵌。南北隽秀，西洋江、小沙江，江湖连环；东西妖娆，白马山、九龙山，山峦迭嶂。高州温泉，闻名遐迩，荷田钟乳，玲珑剔透，东山寺佛有灵犀，魏源湖美不胜收。     

放歌镜泊湖

镜泊山，镜泊水，镜泊风光无限美。天光云彩对青山，谁把瑶池降人间。花满山，田满湖，长笛一声人画图。南湖头，扼门首，北湖头，立中游。珍珠门，敞胸怀，欢歌妙语迎客来。天外飞来白石砬，百鸟环绕闹喳喳。大孤山，风景佳，青山碧水夹明沙。小孤山，来一游，忘却人间哀和愁。天开石窦气象新，难怪仙女恋凡尘。看山庄，更称奇，楼台亭阁各相异。青绿柿，红黄果，林区工人倍好客。一顿湖鲫百日鲜，主人盛情逼云端。游罢镜泊心胸敞，多少游人争慨慷。昂首放歌赞山河，丹心一片献祖国。放歌镜泊湖@刘兴权     

乾隆修海塘

乾隆下江南，作为一代皇帝的外传，已广为流传。乾隆在位60年，享年89岁，多次南下，六巡浙江，四至海宁，下榻安澜园。传说，乾隆是相国陈元龙（人称阁老）之子，但身为一国之君，又岂能认民作父。然而，夫人尚在，感情上却又难舍难分。也许，这也是乾隆多次南巡的原因之一。不过，乾隆却能体察民情，也解决了不少具体问题，修筑钱塘江海塘便是其中一例。杭嘉湖平原是浙江的粮仓，也是全国一大粮食基地。这里的粮食生产与钱塘江休戚相关，一旦海塘溃决，不仅农田受灾，粮食减产，而且，沿江人民的生命财产也将遭到严重损失。公元1703年，钱…     

休闲时刻

佳木斯濒临松花江，地处大荒；佳木斯人三方八秒四季游泳，不怕水凉。夏日天长，早晨下江，望着出浴的太阳，拉开夜幕，披上露纱，从水里跃起，晚上，七八．戈神上岸，还能看见彩大残阳，中午人多，熙熙攘攘，和海滨浴场一样。一日三游，不如横渡一次松花江。早春，顶凌横渡，江一开还不算早，大江脱节，冰排未动，瞅空过江，才是第一拨。顶凌，江水冰凉经骨，连鸭子都不下去，赤力露体游一个未回，除了冬泳的谁敢照量？冬天，在大江里凿开冰眼，扩成游泳池，无遮无挡，《北风大烟地抓过冰天雪地，向池里扔下碎雪残冰。池边，冰块砌成的跳台…     

诗两首实施《21世纪初期首都水资源可持续利用规划》有感

公历 2000年春，冀南春暖花开，桃红柳绿，生机盎然。燕北大漠依然冰冻未开，寒风凛冽，风沙肆虐。狂躁的尘暴，掠河北，扫京域，上下愕然。我等深知防风治沙之重要，涵水养源之艰难。为首都生态环境计，为广大民众念，为可持续发展虑：须跟定中央，治沙源，保水源，护资源，义无返顾，勇往直前。学古诗韵，聊表心迹。     

游小西天记

隰县城西北隅，有山翼然，名曰凤凰山。主峰之巅建千佛庵，俗称小西天。寺之悬塑，名重天下，国家以文物单位保护之。庚辰六月，偕诸书朋画友而往游，驰车行至山麓，有池水一泓，方广数十丈，垂柳绕堤，长条拂岸，若珠帘翠幕，薄雾轻纱。其时也，风习习而徐来，波渺渺而微荡，更有紫燕掠水、黄鹂鸣枝，益觉其境之清幽，其情之恬淡。沿池岸而行，过通天桥，忽陡坡隆起，从坡脚至岭头有山脊巍巍然，若鲫鱼背，上建护栏磴道，颇迫仄，才容一二人过而已。同行者，鱼贯而上，拾阶临险，得得有声。升百七十级，至山寺洞天门外，稍憩息。倚山门而下…     

北海:惊鸿一瞥的美丽

去北海，是伸秋时节，路途上，受了不少苦。下午3时多上车，摇摇晃晃中，迷迷糊糊地睡，迷迷糊糊地梦，迷糊糊地想，颠簸了整夜，清展7点抵达北海。 来不及退去疲惫，接我们的车已等在面前。 就这样，那颗热烈而模糊的心，经不起半点等待，直奔银滩。     

深化改革中水电施工企业的形势与任务

针对当前的新形势，必须统一思想，抓住机遇，改革开拓，苦练内功，迎接挑战。目的主要是着力于经济增长的质量和效益。措施是进一步转机建制，调整结构，外展市场，内强管理，推动科技进步，提高队伍素质。     

爱付山川

水，之于世界，无处不存其迹，上至云天，下及九泉。地表之上，山有多高，水有多高：地有多远，水有多长。天下之水，一脉相牵。或为屹立冰山，或为奔腾百川，或为飘飞行云。虽然生命形状千姿百态，但生命品质始终如一。意志，坚如钢铁：身体，随形就势：生命，气象万千。为自然，为人类，为世界，构筑了一道道美丽、壮观、发入深省的风景，弹奏出一曲曲清澈、激扬、气壮山河的经典。     

Call for Papers

正As the eldest and most distributed professional journal of water industry,Water Wastewater Engineering(W WE)gained very wide acceptance from the colleagues working in this field in this country since start publication in 1964.Now it is administrated by the Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China and sponsored by the China Civil Engineering Society etc.     

地下厂房施工过程的三维非线性数值模拟分析

根据冗各电站地下厂房开挖支护的施工顺序,以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用三维非线性有限元技术,对洞室群的开挖支护动态过程进行了模拟计算。通过三维非线性有限元计算分析得到:洞室群动态开挖过程中围岩应力变形的分布规律,围岩塑性区的发展规律,锚杆受力变化情况。计算结果表明:整个开挖过程中,洞周围岩位移变化规律正常,量值较小,塑性区主要分布在洞室周边,围岩稳定性较好;但在洞室交叉口处围岩的变形较大,出现较大范围的塑性区,在此基础上提出了支护措施优化方案,并对优化方案的效果进行了评价。     

Serial discontinuities in a Rocky mountain river. I. Distribution and abundance of plecoptera

Samples were taken year-round at eleven sites along the altitudinal profile (2900-1400 m a.s.l.) of the Gunnison River, a 329 km tributary of the Colorado River, to document the distribution of the Plecoptera and to evaluate responses to hypolimnial-release dams in the headwaters and middle reaches. Twenty-two species were present, with the greatest species richness occurring in an unregulated segment upstream of the middle reach dams; average nymphal biomass over the study period (175 organisms, 395 mg dry mass m^?2) was also greatest in this segment. Only four species (58 organisms, 48 mg m^?2) were present in the tailwaters of the headwater dam and values were greatly reduced (nine species; 35 organisms, 180 mg m^?2) below the middle reach dams. The stonefly community recovered ca. 80 km downstream from the last dam (15 species; 244 organisms, 250 mg m^?2), apparently in response to natural resetting of environmental conditions corresponding to those above the middle reach dams. At the most downstream site (11) only four species (four organisms, 16 mg m^?2) were present. The observed distributional pattern is a classic serial discontinuity in response to hypolimnial stream regulation in a temperate latitude river.     

Impacts of Microcystis on algal biodiversity and use of new technology to remove Microcystis and dissolved nutrients

Cyanobacteria often dominate eutrophic lakes, outcompeting green algae that are required by fish and zooplankton. This study was undertaken to ascertain the impact of the cyanobacterium, Microcystis, on algal biodiversity. Under laboratory conditions, we found that the presence of Microcystis decreased phyla richness by 58%, phyla evenness by 47%, genera richness by 66% and genera evenness by 51%. Analysis by mixed anova s demonstrated a significant interaction between treatment and time and confirmed a significant reduction in richness and evenness of phyla and genera. We also conducted a phosphate restriction assay on the algae in Mason Lake (Irvine, CA, USA) and found that the threshold needed for algal growth there was 0.02 mg L^?1 PO₄. A pilot study was then conducted to test the effectiveness of the Blue Pro? water treatment facility in removal of this colonial organism from Mason Lake, in addition to removal of dissolved nutrients required for its growth. We measured a 97% reduction in Microcystis cells, a 72% reduction in chlorophyll‐a, and a 96% reduction in phosphate after just one 10 min cycle through the unit. Our study demonstrated that removal of Microcystis colonies may allow green algae to increase in numbers. This may improve algal biodiversity, which will benefit zooplankton and fishes.     

Evaluation of freshwater mussel relocation as a conservation and management strategy

The relocation of unionacean mussels is commonly used as a conservation and management tool in large rivers and streams. Relocation has been used to recolonize areas where mussel populations have been eliminated by prior pollution events, to remove mussels from construction zones and to re-establish populations of endangered species. More recently, relocation has been used to protect native freshwater mussels from colonization by the exotic zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. We conducted a literature review of mussel relocations and evaluated their relative success as a conservation and management strategy. We found that 43% of all relocations were conducted because of construction projects that were forced to comply with the Endangered Species Act 1973 and that only 16% were monitored for five or more consecutive years. Most (43%) relocation projects were conducted from July to September, presumably a period when reproductive stress is relatively low for most species and the metabolic rate is sufficient for reburrowing in the substrate. The mortality of relocated mussels was unreported in 27% of projects; reported mortality varied widely among projects and species and was difficult to assess. The mean mortality of relocated mussels was 49% based on an average recovery rate of 43%. There is little guidance on the methods for relocation or for monitoring the subsequent long-term status of relocated mussels. Based on this evaluation, research is needed to develop criteria for selecting a suitable relocation site and to establish appropriate methods and guidelines for conducting relocation projects.     

基于模型试验的河床砂砾石层基本特性研究

为了经济可靠地确定深厚覆盖层的基本特性参数,以大渡河双江口水电站坝基河床砂砾石层基本特性研究为工程背景,进行大尺寸模型试验,研究河床砂砾石层的旁压模量和动探击数随密度、级配以及上覆压力的变化规律。根据室内模型试验结果,结合现场旁压试验及钻孔试验成果,推断出坝址区河床砂砾石相关层位的密度,并依此进行砂砾石室内力学试验,获得设计所需力学参数。研究成果可为深厚覆盖层基本特性测试提供新的方法。     

库水波动下库岸边坡地下水浸润线解析解及误差分析

解析法是库岸边坡地下水浸润线计算中便于实际应用的方法,但该方法须基于若干假定并对潜水运动基本方程线性化后才能求解。针对各假定和线性化过程建立不同的地下水渗流数学模型,用解析法和有限元法解答上述数学模型,分析各误差大小及其规律。结果表明：库岸垂直处理带来的误差要小于方程线性化处理和不考虑非饱和渗流带来的误差,而且它们都随渗透系数变大而减小;在三峡库区库水调度情况下,假定库水位等速变化带来的误差对大多岸坡而言可以忽略;计算库岸边坡地下水浸润线时,解析法只适用于水位变化幅度相比含水层厚度较小,且几何边界规则、岩土结构简单、岩土体渗透性较好时的情况。     

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL WATER QUALITY VARIABILITY IN AQUATIC HABITATS OF A CULTIVATED FLOODPLAIN

The floodplains of lowland rivers contain diverse aquatic habitats that provide valuable ecosystem services but are perturbed when intensively cultivated. Hydrologic, water chemistry and biological (fish) conditions in five aquatic habitats along the Coldwater River, Mississippi, were measured for more than 4 years: the river, two severed meanders that functioned as backwaters, a managed wetland and an ephemeral channel draining cultivated fields. Off‐channel habitats were connected to downstream regions 0.10% to 32% of the dry season and 24% to 67% of the wet season. The median temperatures for the five monitored sites ranged from 18°C to 23°C, the median total solids concentration for all sites was 135 mg L^?1, the median total phosphorus was 0.29 mg L^?1 and the median total nitrogen was 1.56 mg L^?1. Chemical and physical water quality displayed strong seasonal differences between the wet winter/spring and the dry summer/fall periods so that temporal variation consisted of gradual seasonal trends superimposed on strong diurnal variations. All off‐channel habitats exhibited periods of hypoxia and temperatures >30°C during the dry season. Between‐site gradients of water and habitat quality were strongly coupled to water depth and runoff loading. The rehabilitation of one backwater by increasing water depth and diverting agricultural runoff was associated with improved water quality and fish species richness relative to an adjacent untreated backwater. The diversion of polluted runoff and the use of water control structures to maintain greater water depth were observed to be effective management tools, but the former reduces the water supply to habitats that tend to dry up and the latter reduces connectivity. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Changes in Summer Irrigated Crop Area and Water Use in Southeastern Turkey from 1993 to 2002: Implications for Current and Future Water Resources

Changes in summer irrigated cropland acreage and related water use are estimated from satellite remote sensing and ancillary data in semi-arid Southeastern Turkey where traditionally dry agricultural lands are being rapidly transformed into irrigated fields with the help of water from the Euphrates-Tigris Rivers. An image classification methodology based on thresholding of Landsat NDVI images from the peak summer period reveals that the total area of summer irrigated crops has increased three-fold (from 35,000 ha to over 100,000) in the Harran Plain between 1993 and 2002. Coupled analysis of annual irrigated crop area from remote sensing and potential evapotranspiration based estimates of irrigation water requirements for cotton indicate a corresponding increase in agricultural water use from about 370 million cubic meters to over one billion cubic meters, a volume in accordance with the state estimates. These estimates have important implications for understanding the rapid changes in current agricultural withdrawals in Southeastern Turkey and form a quantitative basis for exploring the changes in future water demands in the region. For example, expansion of irrigated lands have led to a steady decrease in potential evaporation due to increased roughness and decreased humidity deficit in the Harran Plain. Assuming that the changes in future evaporation conditions will be of similar nature, water use for irrigation is expected to decrease over 40 percent in future irrigation sites. Incorporating this decrease in overall planning of the irrigation projects currently under construction should lead to improved management, and by extension, sustainability of water resources in the region.     

簸箕李引黄灌区水沙分布及优化调度的经验

灌区利用水沙观测所取得的资料和试验数据，运用水沙运动力学理论，总结分析和揭示了灌区水沙分布的规律和特点。在此基础上，结合灌区的实际运行情况，围绕减少骨干渠道的淤积进行探讨、研究，进而，优化水沙调度方案。该方案实施后，骨干渠道减旅伴效果明显，取得了成功的经验。