掺钨VO_2纳米粉体的制备及其热致相变特能的研究

以偏钒酸铵(NH_4VO_3)和偏钨酸铵((NH_4)_6H_2W_(12)O_(40).XH_2O)为分别为钒源和掺杂剂,采用水热法进行掺杂钨(W)离子的二氧化钒(VO_2)粉体的制备,在通有氩气气氛的管式炉中600℃热处理6 h后得到纯净的掺杂W二氧化钒粉体,通过XRD、SEM及XPS分析所制备的掺钨二氧化钒的晶体结构、表面形貌以及组分价态的变化。利用DSC及FTIR检测其相变温度点以及相变前后的红外透过率。结果表明:制备出的掺杂W的VO_2粉末为M型纳米片状粉体,钨元素以W~(6+)形式掺入VO_2晶体,取代晶格中部分V原子。随着W离子的摩尔比的增加,VO_2的相变点明显下降,当掺量为2%时,其相变点降低为43℃,相变前后的红外透过率也发生了显著地下降,最大下降量达到40%。     

纳米ATO导电浆料的分散稳定性

将纳米ATO粉体分散于溶剂中制备成纳米ATO导电涂料.通过黏度测定和沉降实验,讨论了分散剂种类、pH等参数对制备浆料的影响,进行优化筛选.经粒径分布测定及扫描电镜观察,最终制得分散稳定性较好的纳米ATO浆料.     

二氧化钒在红外伪装隐身技术中的应用研究进展

二氧化钒是一种具有热致相变性质的功能材料,其相变温度接近于室温,在相变温度处发生金属-绝缘体转变并伴有电阻率和红外发射率的突变,具有重要的研究价值和潜在的应用前景。本文综述了二氧化钒的热致相变特性和相变温度的调控方法。基于二氧化钒可以主动降低红外发射率,控制自身红外辐射强度,总结了二氧化钒薄膜和粉体在红外伪装隐身中的研究进展,并对二氧化钒用于红外伪装隐身情形进行了模拟分析。最后提出了制备高纯单相二氧化钒纳米粉体、增加二氧化钒涂层的热致变发射率突变量、系统研究二氧化钒的中远红外特性以及实现可见/红外兼容伪装等方面是今后的发展趋势。     

含纳米Cs_xWO_3涂层隔热性能的研究

本文试验了掺铯钨青铜(Cs_xWO_3)纳米隔热浆料与几种常用树脂涂料调配的兼容性;研究了含纳米Cs_xWO_3涂层的紫外-可见光-近红外光谱及其抗老化性能。为生产高性能光学功能膜提供优良的纳米隔热涂料。     

纳米ATO透明隔热涂料的制备与性能研究

以自制纳米氧化锡锑（ ATO）及其水性浆料和水性聚氨酯为原料,采用共混法制备出纳米 ATO透明隔热涂料。对纳米 ATO涂料的隔热性和透光性进行研究,结果表明：将通过溶胶 -凝胶法制备的 25 nm的 ATO粉体配制成水性浆料,与水性聚氨酯 SX-240共混制备出的纳米 ATO透明隔热涂料,具有较好的透明隔热性能。当涂膜厚度为 60 μm时,其可见光透过率（λ=600 nm）为 72.35%,平均红外透过率为 45.56%,隔热检测装置内温差达到 3~4 ℃。     

水性纳米复合隔热涂料的研制

以纳米ATO(掺锑二氧化锡)浆料和纳米TiO2粉体配合高反射与高辐射性能的颜填料,制备了一种水性纳米复合隔热涂料.乳液、颜料和填料筛选实验表明,聚合物乳液种类对涂层隔热性能几乎没有影响;颜料中,金红石型二氧化钛是性能最好的反射填料,其用量在PVC=18%时,涂层隔热性能最好;绢云母具有一定的辐射隔热效果,当其质量分数为11%时,涂层性能最忧,辐射率可达0.86;纳米ATO浆料具有良好的隔热效果,其最佳用量为10%.当以质量比为1:2的添加量将纳米ATO和纳米TiO2加入到涂料中,所得涂层在全波段(200～2 500 nm)的太阳热反射比为86%,辐射率为0.86.     

纳米ATO隔热涂料中水性分散浆料的制备和研究

纳米氧化锡锑(ATO)是制备透明隔热涂料的理想材料,本研究以摩尔质量比为Sb∶Sn=7∶93的ATO粉体和一定比例的分散剂,制备得到了分散性能良好的ATO水性分散浆料,浆料的可见光透过率高达80%,且浆料中粒子的平均大小为0.35μm。用XRD、FT-IR、激光粒度仪等对浆料的性能进行表征,并对浆料的稳定性和透光性进行研究,实验所制备的ATO浆料具有优良的稳定性和透光性,且制备的ATO隔热涂料具有良好的隔热性能。     

钨掺杂二氧化钒/石墨烯复合物的制备及性能

以氧化石墨烯粉末(GO)、五氧化二钒、草酸和钨酸铵为原料,用水热法制备了一系列钨掺杂二氧化钒/石墨烯复合物,考察了钨掺杂量、氧化石墨烯用量对复合材料的相变温度及导热率的影响。通过XRD、SEM、DSC、FTIR、激光导热系数测量仪对复合材料的结构形貌、相变性能进行了表征。结果表明,石墨烯复合材料的二氧化钒粒子团聚情况得到有效改善,并均匀负载在石墨烯表面。当钨原子百分含量为2.5%、氧化石墨烯含量为4%(以五氧化二钒质量为基准)时,形成的钨掺杂二氧化钒/石墨烯复合物与纯二氧化钒相比,相变温度由66.0℃降低到32.2℃,导热率提升到16.341W/(m·K)。该复合材料能同时满足良好的隔热性与高导热性等要求。     

部分无机盐产品论文题录

部分无机盐产品论文题录,有需要者编辑部可免费提供论文出处。060901二氧化硅资源的开发应用现状060902白炭黑灼烧减量及二氧化硅含量测试方法探讨060903二氧化硅消光剂研究进展060904牙膏用沉淀二氧化硅的性质及其应用060905气相法改性纳米二氧化硅表面060906纳米二氧化硅的分散及其在涂料中的应用060907利用硅灰石为原料制备纳米二氧化硅粉体060908二氧化硅消光剂的制备及在家具漆中的应用060909纳米碳酸钙湿法表面改性研究060910钙镁碳酸盐碳化工艺设备选择及工艺条件控制060911U-PVC型材专用低吸油值纳米碳酸钙制备060912计算机系统监…     

透明隔热涂料的制备及其在汽车上应用

通过制备稳定的纳米二氧化钛浆料和纳米氧化锑锡(ATO)浆料,以有机-无机杂化树脂作为成膜物质,制备出纳米透明隔热涂料。该涂料应用于汽车玻璃,具有很好的节能效果。     

Self-emulsifiable soybean oil phosphate ester polyols for low-VOC corrosion resistant coatings

A series of soybean oil phosphate ester polyols (SOPEP) was prepared by reaction of fully epoxidized soybean oil with phosphoric acid and simultanoeous hydrolysis in the presence of a polar solvent. The polyols were characterized by determination of acid value, oxirane number, hydroxyl value, molecular weight (GPC), and FTIR spectra. These polyols with varying amounts of acid phosphate groups could be self-emulsified to form aqueous dispersions after neutralization with organic base. These aqueous dispersion showed varying degrees of stability and their appearance ranged from opaque dispersions to translucent to clear solutions. Waterborne coating compositions were prepared using these aqueous dispersions as principal components and their thermally cured film properties were studied. it was found that by careful selection and formulation, SOPEPs can be successfully used for low-VOC waterborne coating formulations. SOPEPs with 3.5% phosphate ester content showed visibly superior corrosion resistance properties.     

Transparent,conductive polymer blend coatings from latex-based dispersions

Flexible, transparent and conductive polymer blend coatings were prepared from aqueous dispersions of poly(3,4-ethylenedixoythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) [PEDOT/PSS] gel particles (∼80 nm) and latex (∼300 nm). The stable dispersions were deposited as wet coatings onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates and dried at 80 °C. Microstructure studies using tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TMAFM) indicate that a network-like microstructure formed during drying at 0.03 volume fraction PEDOT/PSS loading. In this network-like structure, the PEDOT/PSS phase was forced into the boundary regions between latex. In addition, migration of the PEDOT/PSS particles towards coating surface is likely during drying of the aqueous dispersions. The addition of a small amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in dispersions altered the distribution of the PEDOT/PSS phase. As PEDOT/PSS concentration increases to 0.15 volume fraction, the coating surface is dominated by the PEDOT/PSS phase. The effect of DMSO on microstructure becomes less apparent as PEDOT/PSS concentration increases. The conductivity of the polymer blend coatings increases in a percolation-like fashion with a threshold of ∼0.02 volume fraction PEDOT/PSS. The addition of DMSO in dispersions enhanced the coating conductivity beyond the threshold by more than two orders of magnitude. The highest conductivity, ∼3 S/cm, occurs at 0.20 volume fraction PEDOT/PSS concentration. The polymer blend coatings have good transparency with only a weak dependence of transparency on wavelength due to the small refractive index difference between filler and matrix.     

Synthesis,characterization, and comparison of polyurethane dispersions based on highly versatile anionomer,ATBS, and conventional DMPA

Polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) are one such class of coatings that comply well with stringent VOC regulations. In this study, PUDs were prepared as aqueous dispersions using a new highly versatile crosslinkable anionomer, 2-acrylamido 2 methylpropanesulfonic acid (ATBS), which is commercially available, yet not explored by the coating industry. The influence of this novel anionomer on the performance properties of polyurethane resins was evaluated by comparing performance/properties of this newly synthesized PUD with dispersion based on conventional anionomer, DMPA. Analyses of their physico-chemical and thermo-mechanical properties revealed that PUD based on ATBS showed comparatively much better thermal, mechanical, and chemical and coating properties than the PUD based on DMPA anionomer.     

环氧硅烷外交联改性水性聚氨酯的研究

合成阴离子型水性聚氨酯,使用环氧硅烷外交联改性水性聚氨酯。研究发现,环氧硅烷经预乳化之后能够与水性聚氨酯相容,改性之后的水性体系能够保持较长时间稳定而不凝胶,有效贮存期超过3个月。随着环氧硅烷用量的增加,涂膜的拉伸强度逐渐增加,延伸率先持续下降,后略有增加,吸水率大幅下降,粘接强度得到明显的提高。     

Synthesis,Characterization, and Application Studies of Polyurethane Acrylate Thermoset Coatings: Effect of Hard Segment

The waterborne polyurethane acrylate coatings are smart option to reduce the environmental hazards. To evaluate the structure–property relationship, polyurethane acrylate coating dispersions were synthesized with aromatic and aliphatic hard segments. Furthermore, to evaluate the performance, dispersions were used to finish the cotton fabric. The dispersions were prepared by prepolymer method followed by emulsion polymerization in aqueous medium. The characterization of dispersions was performed by Fourier transform infrared, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. In general, aliphatic hard segment has shown more appreciable results. But, thermal stability of aromatic polyurethane acrylate was more pronounced as inherent rigidity of aromatic diisocyanate dominates.     

硅烷偶联剂改性水性聚氨酯的研究

由甲苯二异氰酸酯与聚醚多元醇、二羟甲基丙酸反应制得聚氨酯预聚体，加入2种硅烷偶联剂，分别进行混合和反应改性，得到一系列硅烷偶联剂改性的聚氨酯水分散体，并对其进行粘度、拉伸强度、剥离强度、吸水性的测定等研究。结果表明，硅烷偶联剂能以较高浓度改性水性聚氨酯，改性后的分散体稳定，初始涂膜质量好，吸水性降低，力学性能也得到改善。     

Novel water-dispersible glycidyl carbamate (GC) resins and waterborne amine-cured coatings

Water-dispersible glycidyl carbamate (GC) functional resins were synthesized and crosslinked using a water-dispersible amine to form coatings. GC functional resins are synthesized by the reaction of an isocyanate functional compound with glycidol to yield a carbamate (urethane) linkage (–NHCO–) and reactive epoxy group. The combination of both functionalities in a single resin structure imparts excellent mechanical and chemical properties to the coatings. Previous studies on the development of GC coatings have focused on solvent-borne coating systems. In this study, GC resins were modified by incorporating nonionic hydrophilic groups to produce water-dispersible resins. To determine the influence of the content of hydrophilic groups on dispersion stability, aqueous dispersions were made from a series of hydrophilically modified GC resins and characterized for particle size and dispersion stability. The composition of a typical, dispersed GC resin particle was predicted using Monte Carlo simulations. Stable GC dispersions were used to prepare amine-cured coatings. The coatings were characterized for solvent resistance, water resistance, hardness, flexibility, adhesion, and surface morphology. It was observed that GC resins were able to be dispersed in water without using any surfactant and by minimal mixing force (hand mixing) and produced coating films with good properties when crosslinked with a compatible waterborne amine crosslinker.     

PU/BA-HEMA互穿网络型聚合物的合成及性能

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）为硬段,聚醚多元醇（N220）为软段,以丙烯酸丁酯（BA）和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEMA）改性,制备了水性聚氨酯（PU）分散液,测定了水分散液及其膜的物理性能和力学性能。结果表明,与未改性的PU水分散液相比,改性聚氨酯水分散液的粒径均有所增大,表面张力减小,力学性能和硬度提高。HEMA 的引入,形成了具有化学交联的核-壳互穿网络结构的聚合物,说明改性材料中分子链硬段与PA分子链具有较高的相容性。     

聚氨酯-环氧树脂-丙烯酸酯杂合分散体的合成

以三羟甲基丙烷（TMP）为交联剂，先用环氧树脂改性聚氨酯（PU），得到环氧树脂改性的水性聚氨酯（WPUE）分散体，然后加入甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和引发剂偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN），通过自由基乳液聚合得到聚氨酯-环氧树脂-丙烯酸酯（WPUEA）杂合分散体，并通过傅里叶红外光谱、凝胶渗透色谱、粒径分析仪和透射电镜对其进行了表征。研究了－NCO/OH总摩尔比、交联剂TMP的量、环氧树脂种类和量、MMA的量等对WPUEA杂合分散体性能以及涂膜性能的影响。实验结果表明，选用E20环氧树脂，当－NCO/OH总摩尔比为12～15， TMP的添加量为4%～8％，E20添加量为4％～6％，MMA添加量为10%～30%时得到WPUEA杂合分散体性能较佳，所得到的水性WPUEA杂合分散体的涂膜硬度为073，光泽度达到85，表干时间为30min，冻融循环大于5，同时耐水性和耐溶剂性均得到提高。该产品可以取代溶剂型产品。     

Polyampholyte acrylic latexes for tablet coating applications

Polyampholyte latexes can exist within a certain pH range as low‐viscosity aqueous dispersions, while upon a pH shift to the vicinity of the isoelectric point they undergo ionic coacervation. Three classes of coacervation latexes were synthesized and evaluated for their suitability for use in tablet coating applications. Pharmaceutical tablet coatings are commonly based on hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol), and acrylic polymers. Because of the high viscosity of their aqueous solutions, and to the consequent required low concentrations of the tablet coating polymers in the coating solutions to enable sufficiently low viscosity for effective spray application, the current commercial pharmaceutical tablet coating technology requires the removal of large amounts of water during the manufacturing process. In this work, films prepared from high‐solids, low‐viscosity coacervated acrylic latexes showed good hardness, very low tackiness, an excellent combination of optical properties, and very low water vapor permeability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40049.