纳米复合WC-Co粉末的热压烧结

以WC-6Co纳米复合粉末为原料热压烧结了硬质合金试样,研究了烧结温度、保温时间和VC抑晶剂对抗弯强度和洛氏硬度的影响.结果表明:在保温时间为1h时,纳米复合WC-6Co的最佳热压烧结温度为1350℃:加入质量分数为1.2%VC后在该制度下热压烧结,可以得到晶粒为200～300nm超细硬质合金.     

WC/Co纳米复合粉原料制备硬质合金细晶粒顶锤的方法研究

采用流态化制备方法生产的WC/Co纳米复合粉作原料,研究制备硬质合金细晶粒Φ175顶锤的生产方法。WC/Co纳米复合粉中加入微量抑制剂,配制成含钴量为10%的细晶粒合金配方,经搅拌球磨、喷雾干燥、冷等静压、低压烧结后检测其合金特性值。生产合格Φ175顶锤,进行使用效果验证。研究结果表明:WC/Co纳米复合粉可应用于搅拌球磨制备硬质合金细晶粒大顶锤,这种顶锤在使用中表现出卸压回弹性小的特点,可解决大顶锤在合成保压后卸压瞬间易发生裂纹失效的难题。     

低压烧结纳米复合WC-Co粉末的研究

对纳米复合WC-10Co粉末进行真空烧结和低压烧结,通过合金组织和性能的比较,证实了低压烧结工艺的优越性,并探讨了晶粒度对合金硬度和抗弯强度的影响.     

亚微米硬质合金顶锤的研制

以亚微米W C粉和超细Co粉为原料,添加晶粒抑制剂,并采用压力烧结,可得到硬度和强度均有较大提高的硬质合金顶锤。文章通过实验数据分析了这一工艺过程。     

纳米稀土对超音速火焰喷涂WC-10Co-4Cr涂层的改性研究

利用超音速火焰喷涂技术在45~#钢上制备了3种不同纳米稀土含量的WC-10Co-4Cr涂层,通过X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对涂层进行物相成分及组织形貌进行分析,测定了涂层的孔隙率、结合强度、显微硬度和电化学腐蚀性能,研究纳米稀土对WC-10Co-4Cr涂层的改性作用。结果表明:适量纳米稀土的加入会使WC-10Co-4Cr涂层的孔隙率显著降低,结合强度和显微硬度大幅度地提高,且掺入纳米稀土改性剂可以有效地抑制WC颗粒的氧化脱碳,细化组织结构,净化晶界,提高涂层的耐腐蚀性能。     

ZrO_2添加量对镍–钴–二氧化锆复合镀层微观结构和性能的影响

在由80 g/L Ni(NH_2SO_3)_2·4H_2O、12 g/L Co(NH_2SO_3)_2·4H_2O和40 g/L H_3BO_3组成的基础镀液中加入ZrO_2纳米粒子(平均直径50 nm),通过超声辅助电沉积法制备了Ni–Co–ZrO_2复合镀层,工艺条件为:pH 4.0,电流密度5 A/dm~2,温度50℃,超声功率240 W,极间距40 mm。研究了ZrO_2添加量对Ni–Co–ZrO_2复合镀层的微观结构、显微硬度、耐磨性和热稳定性的影响。ZrO_2纳米粒子的引入使所得复合镀层的表面更加平整、致密,镀层中Ni–Co合金的固溶体结构未发生变化,只是晶粒的择优取向和生长改变。当镀液中ZrO_2添加量为10 g/L时,所得Ni–Co–ZrO_2复合镀层具有较高的显微硬度以及较好的耐磨性和热稳定性。     

Al2TiO5添加量对MgO-Al2TiO5复合陶瓷烧结及抗热震性的影响

以纳米MgO粉为原料,选用以纳米Al2O3粉和纳米TiO2粉经1500℃保温3 h烧结制备的Al2TiO5为添加剂,采用固相烧结法经1500℃保温3 h制备了Al2TiO5质量分数分别为0、5%、10%和20%的MgO-Al2TiO5复合陶瓷,并采用XRD、SEM和EDS等研究了Al2TiO5添加量对MgO-Al2TiO5复合陶瓷烧结性能及抗热震性能的影响。结果表明:添加Al2TiO5有利于促进复合陶瓷的烧结,其体积密度和线收缩率随Al2TiO5添加量的增加而增大,当Al2TiO5添加量为20%(w)时,其体积密度和线收缩率分别为3.68 g·cm-3和22.07%;当Al2TiO5添加量为10%(w)时,其抗热震性能最佳。Al2TiO5位于方镁石晶粒交界处,抑制方镁石晶粒生长,阻碍裂纹扩展,使MgO-Al2TiO5复合陶瓷的抗热震性能得到改善。     

复合陶瓷刀具材料抗氧化性能研究

以微米TiC和TiN为主要原料,以微米Cr、Ni以及Co为添加剂,采用真空热压烧结工艺制备了TiC/TiN复合陶瓷刀具材料。测试和分析了烧结样品的相对密度和抗氧化性能,对比了硬质合金材料与制备的陶瓷刀具材料的抗氧化性能。结果表明,当微米TiC添加量(质量分数)为48%,TiN为16%、Cr为7.2%、Ni为21.6%以及Co为7.2%时,所制备的复合陶瓷刀具材料性能最佳,相对密度值为95.2%,900℃时氧化100 h的氧化增重率为24.2 mg/cm2。所制备的复合陶瓷刀具材料抗氧化性能优于硬质合金材料。     

预加SiC粉的碳热还原法制备SiC-B_4C复合陶瓷粉

为了改善制备SiC-B_4C复合陶瓷的传统工艺流程(B_4C与SiC机械混合后烧结),提高B_4C与SiC在微观尺度上结合的均匀性和紧密性,使其更有利于烧结致密化,从而进一步提高复合陶瓷的综合性能,在碳热还原法制备B_4C的配料中分别添加占总质量1%、2%、3%、4%、5%的SiC粉,干混均匀,再加入5%(w)的水搅拌均匀,然后采用油压千斤顶以20 MPa压力模压成型为15 mm×10 mm的样坯,在80℃干燥10 h后,在1 800℃空气气氛中频感应炉中烧结50 min,最后进行XRD分析和SEM观察。结果表明:采用在碳热还原法制备B_4C的配料中预加SiC粉的方法,成功制备了B_4C分布均匀、SiC与B_4C结合紧密的SiC-B_4C复合陶瓷粉。随着SiC添加量的增多,B_4C衍射峰强度明显增强,B_4C晶粒形貌变得更加规则,且晶粒尺寸有所增大,表明SiC添加量增多促进了B_4C的生成及其晶粒的生长。     

电流密度对钴−碳化铬复合电镀层组织的影响

研究了电流密度对Co–Cr3C2复合电镀层的组织、生长速率和Cr3C2粉末复合量的影响。随着电流密度从5 A/dm2提高至8 A/dm2,镀层表面先变致密后变粗糙;镀层生长速率逐渐增大,但增大幅度逐步趋缓;粉末复合量呈现先增加后减小的趋势。在试验范围内,电流密度为6 A/dm2时,镀层外观质量最好,粉末复合量最高(质量分数为5.1%),组织均匀性较好。     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

酚醛树脂热降解动力学研究

用热失重非等温法对不同甲醛,苯酚魔鬼洋比的酚树脂进行了热降解动力学研究。结果表明,甲醛,苯酚摩尔比为１．５时,酚醛树旨的热发活化能最高。耐热性最好。     

剪力对梁变形影响的分析

本文用材料力学的分析方法,导出了一个计入剪力时梁的挠曲线的微分方程式。为了估计剪力对梁变形的影响,在集中力作用下梁内剪力用一个单值连续的反三角函数表示。由能量法确定了截面因子数值之后,定量地给出计入剪力时梁变形的分析结果。其结果和弹性力学的结来是一致的。     

热塑性塑料熔体质量流动速度测量不确定度的评定

本文分析了聚丙烯熔体质量流动速率测量过程中不确定度的来源，并对各不确定度分量进行了评估。该测量过程中所产生的测量不确定度主要来源于测量重复性。