二维层状二硫化钼复合材料的研究进展及发展趋势

二维层状二硫化钼因其独特的结构已经成为二维结构材料领域中新兴的研究热点。它拥有特殊的可调节带隙及优异的光电性能。综述了二维层状二硫化钼的制备方法和优异性能;作为其发展的一个重要方向,对二维层状二硫化钼复合材料的最新研究进行了综述并探讨了复合材料性能提升的机制。提出了对二维层状二硫化钼复合材料相关研究的建议和展望。     

二维层状材料在涂层防腐中的研究进展

二维层状材料由于其独特的形貌结构、较高的比表面积、优异的物理机械性能等优势在涂层防腐中受到了广泛的关注。结合国内外最新研究，综述了近年来石墨烯、六方氮化硼、二硫化钼、水滑石及蒙脱土等二维层状材料在涂层防腐中的研究进展，并对各类二维层状材料应用于涂层防腐中的防腐效果进行了对比与总结，最后对二维层状材料在涂层防腐中的发展趋势进行了展望。     

二硫化钼/橡胶复合材料研究进展

二硫化钼(MoS_2)具有类似于石墨烯的二维层状结构,物理化学性能优异,在橡胶复合材料中具有广阔的应用前景。综述了纳米MoS_2的剥离和表面改性方法,介绍了MoS_2/橡胶复合材料的制备方法以及MoS_2与丁腈橡胶(NBR)、丁苯橡胶(SBR)、天然橡胶(NR)、硅橡胶等共混得到的复合材料,对MoS_2/橡胶复合材料的发展方向进行了展望。     

二维纳米材料改性氰酸酯树脂研究进展

综述了二维纳米材料对氰酸酯树脂(CE)改性的研究成果。介绍了目前应用于CE树脂上的二维纳米材料，包括石墨烯及其衍生物、氮化硼、层状双金属氢氧化物、二硫化钼、蒙脱土等，介绍了二维纳米粒子的结构与性质特点。介绍了CE/二维纳米粒子复合材料制备时粒子的预处理、混入与复合材料固化成型的方法。梳理了这些二维纳米材料在改善CE树脂力学、导电、介电、导热、吸波、耐摩擦、热膨胀和阻燃等性能的作用机理和效果。     

基于化学气相沉积法的纳米二硫化钼研究进展

纳米二硫化钼(MoS_2)是一种典型的过渡金属硫化物材料,因具有层状二维结构,成为新型纳米材料的研究热点。本文对化学气相沉积法(CVD)制备单层二硫化钼结构进行介绍,综述了纳米二硫化钼的生长机理、合成纳米二硫化钼光电性质与层数的关系,并对比了化学气相法和剥离法生成的二硫化钼场效应管光电性质与层数的关系,阐述了单层二硫化钼场效应管的结构和电学特性。最后,对纳米二硫化钼的应用领域与研究趋势进行了展望。     

二维二硫化钼材料的制备及应用进展

具有与石墨烯类似结构的二维(2D)二硫化钼材料以其优异的特性在近些年成为人们研究的热点。介绍了二维结构的二硫化钼材料常见的一些制备方法,以及在晶体管、传感器、锂离子电池和催化剂领域的潜在应用,并对二硫化钼未来的研究前景进行了展望。     

MoS_2纳米材料的制备研究进展

二硫化钼因其优异的润滑性能、催化效应以及光电效应等,近年来受到越来越多的关注,成为继石墨烯之后又一受到关注的二维材料。二硫化钼的微观结构对其性能有重要影响,因此制备不同纳米结构的二硫化钼以实现各种使用性能,成为近年来材料学领域的研究热点之一。本文总结了制备纳米二硫化钼的方法,分析了各自的优缺点,指出今后可能的研究重点。     

单层二硫化钼纳米片的剥离制备和生物医学应用

作为一种具有类石墨烯结构的二维层状纳米材料,单层二硫化钼凭借其独特的带隙结构、光热传感以及良好的生物相容性,在肿瘤光热治疗、生物传感等生物医学领域具有广阔的研究前景。结合近五年的研究,综述了几种常见的二硫化钼剥离方法,同时介绍了单层二硫化钼纳米片在生物医学领域中的研究现状。     

类石墨烯二硫化钼的制备与应用研究

类石墨烯二硫化钼(MoS2)是一种具有超薄层状结构并具有直接带隙约为1.9eV的新颖二维半导体材料,因其特殊的六方晶系结构而具有优异的光学、电学、电化学等方面的性质,成为新的研究热点。本文简单介绍了类石墨烯二硫化钼(MoS2)的几种常用制备方法及优缺点,总结了类石墨烯二硫化钼(MoS2)在纳米电子器件,光电子器件和传感器领域的应用及其研究进展,对类石墨烯二硫化钼(MoS2)未来的发展进行了展望。     

石墨烯/二硫化钼纳米复合材料的研究进展及应用

近几年来石墨烯/聚合物复合材料随着石墨烯材料的研究的兴起,迅速在电子原件、物理、化学、生物诸多方面引起学者的广泛关注。综述了石墨烯/二硫化钼纳米复合材料的研究进展和应用。简单叙述了石墨烯和二硫化钼的性能、结构和制备工艺,介绍了石墨烯/二硫化钼纳米复合材料的制备和性能以及最新的研究进展和应用。     

二硫化钼纳米片基水处理纳滤/反渗透膜研究进展

二硫化钼（MoS₂）纳米片的层内固有缺陷以及层间纳米限域通道的存在,有利于提高水处理纳滤/反渗透（NF/RO）膜的渗透选择性。本文首先介绍了MoS₂纳米片的“三明治”结构,其具有易功能化、高吸附容量和氧化还原去除能力、层间纳米限域通道的光滑性和稳定性及抗污染等特性;然后重点综述了MoS₂基纳米孔膜、层叠膜和混合基质膜的制备方法及膜性能的影响因素;最后总结了MoS₂纳米片基水处理NF/RO膜未来发展亟待解决的关键问题,主要包括研究大尺寸纳米片和均匀亚纳米孔的可控制备方法,开发超薄、高度有序的MoS₂分离层构建方法,探索层间纳米限域通道内分子和离子的传输行为和潜在的分离机理,开发增强与聚合物基质界面相容性的改性策略,对下一代高性能水处理NF/RO膜的研发具有启发意义。     

二硫化钼作为海水淡化材料的研究进展

海水淡化是从丰富的海水资源中提取清洁淡水的技术,是解决淡水资源短缺的重要途径。传统的海水淡化技术在实际应用中已经暴露出高成本、高能耗和低效率等缺点,因此开发海水淡化新兴技术及材料成为研究重点。二硫化钼（MoS₂）是典型层状过渡金属硫化物,因其化学稳定、吸光能力优异等优点,在海水淡化领域具有极大的应用前景。作为一种高效环保的海水淡化材料,MoS₂及其复合材料在改善传统脱盐工艺和发展新兴脱盐技术中已得到广泛研究。本文主要论述和分析MoS₂基材料在电容去离子、膜脱盐及太阳能脱盐等海水淡化应用中的研究进展以及在工业化应用中面临的挑战,并展望其今后在脱盐领域的发展方向。     

Hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene over exfoliated MoS2 catalyst

The activity of exfoliated MoS₂ in hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) was compared to crystalline MoS₂, molybdenum naphthenate (MoNaph) derived MoS₂ and ammonium heptamolybdate (AHM) derived MoS₂. The prepared catalysts had significantly different morphologies, as described by the crystallite stack height and slab length, measured by both XRD and TEM. These data were used to estimate the fraction of rim and edge sites in the crystallites. The DBT turnover frequency (TOF) was highest on the exfoliated MoS₂, whereas the selectivity for hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation reactions was shown to correlate with the fraction of rim or edge sites. Selectivity for hydrogenolysis increased as the fraction of edge sites increased.     

Bioleaching of molybdenum from coal liquefaction catalyst residues

It has been shown that the bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans can solubilize MoS₂ from coal liquefaction catalyst residues. The MoS₂ is formed during the liquefaction process from a molybdenum catalyst precursor. MoS₂ is insoluble; in order to be recovered and reused, it must be converted to a soluble form. T. ferrooxidans can oxidatively solubilize the molybdenum in MoS₂ to molybdate, in which form it can be recovered as a soluble or HCl extractable material. Bioleaching experiments show that with a starting cell concentration of 1.0 × 10⁷ cells ml⁻¹, or greater, a significant amount of the molybdenum in the residue was solubilized. These experiments indicate that the amount of molybdenum biologically solubilized from the liquefaction residues is dependent on inoculum size, with all strains of T. ferrooxidans tested having equal ability, and on the particle size of the residue. An important factor in the solubilization of MoS₂ by T. ferrooxidans is the inhibitory effect of molybdate. Literature reports that as little as 10 ppm molybdate is inhibitory to growth or ferrous iron oxidation. However, leachates containing in excess of 70 ppm molybdenum (equivalent to 116 ppm molybdate) were generated as a result of bioleaching of the liquefaction residue. When cells from previous leaching experiments were used to inoculate flasks containing fresh media and additional liquefaction residue, the bacteria were able to bioleach the fresh residue. Recent experiments have focused on the ability of T. ferrooxidans to produce protective agents in the leachate that minimize the inhibitory effects of molybdate. We found that production of the protective factor(s) did not depend on previous exposure of the cells to molybdenum or liquefaction residue.     

Catalytic functionality of unsupported molybdenum sulfide catalysts prepared with different methods

The catalytic functionality and structural properties of three kinds of unsupported molybdenum sulfide catalysts were investigated by model test reactions and BET, TEM, XPS and XRD analyses. The results indicated that highly bent multi-layered MoS₂ structures were more catalytically active, while a well crystallized MoS₂ structure was more favorable for direct S-extrusion during the reactions of dibenzothiophene. It was proposed that the curvature of MoS₂ basal planes was catalytically active, though they were less active for hydrodesulfurization than the edge planes.     

镧离子插层MoS2膜的制备及印染高盐水处理

二维材料具有独特的层状结构、稳定的物理化学性质等特点。近年来,由二维材料层层堆叠构成的二维膜在膜分离领域展示了非同凡响的应用潜力。本文采用成膜中共混方法将La³⁺插入到MoS₂膜层间,利用原子力显微镜(AFM)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)技术表征了MoS₂片层结构和成分;利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)技术表征了膜结构与层间距;通过加压过滤装置和渗透装置考察了La³⁺-MoS₂膜的渗透截留性能。实验结果表明,La³⁺插层改性后的MoS₂膜由于层间距增加而显著地提高了纯水通量,La³⁺-MoS₂膜的纯水通量相较于MoS₂膜提高了约18.5倍。La³⁺-MoS₂膜对分子量300～800g/mol染料表现出了基于空间位阻理论的截留作用,对金属离子(Na⁺、K⁺、Mg     

镶嵌单层MoS2的生物质基硼氮共掺杂碳纳米片合成与储钠性能

基于可再生生物质在二维层状晶体表面的自组装及其与四硫代钼酸铵的化学配位作用,发展了一种镶嵌单层MoS₂纳米片的超薄硼氮共掺杂碳纳米片的制备策略。此结构中,二维纳米碳结构利于提供更大的电化学活性表面积、连续的电子传导通路并大幅缩短电子传输路径,同时实现单层MoS₂纳米结构的均匀分散;均匀镶嵌其内的单层MoS₂纳米结构则显著提升了钠离子存储容量,并加速其在充放电过程中氧化还原反应动力学速率。应用于钠离子负极材料时,此类二维复合结构表现出了优异的储钠比容量、倍率性能和循环稳定性。     

Ti-modified alumina supports prepared by sol–gel method used for deep HDS catalysts

The typical physico-chemical properties and their hydrodesulfurization activities of NiMo/TiO₂-Al₂O₃ series catalysts with different TiO₂ loadings were studied. The catalysts were evaluated with a blend of two kinds of commercially available diesels in a micro-reactor unit. Many techniques including N₂-adsorption, UV–vis DRS, XRD, FT-Raman, TPR, pyridine FT-IR and DRIFT were used to characterize the surface and structural properties of TiO₂-Al₂O₃ binary oxide supports and the NiMo/TiO₂-Al₂O₃ catalysts. The samples prepared by sol–gel method possessed large specific surface areas, pore volumes and large average pore sizes that were suitable for the high dispersion of nickel and molybdenum active components. UV–vis DRS, XRD and FT-Raman results indicated that the presence of anatase TiO₂ species facilitated the formation of coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUS) or sulfur vacancies, and also promoted high dispersion of Mo active phase on the catalyst surfaces. DRIFT spectra of NO adsorbed on the pure MoS₂ and the catalysts with TiO₂ loadings of 15 and 30% showed that NiMo/TiO₂-Al₂O₃ catalysts possessed more CUS than that of pure MoS₂. HDS efficiencies and the above characterization results confirmed that the incorporation of TiO₂ into Al₂O₃ could adjust the interaction between support and active metals, enhanced the reducibility of molybdenum and thus resulted in the high activity of HDS reaction.     

Maya crude hydrodemetallization and hydrodesulfurization catalysts: An effect of TiO2 incorporation in Al2O3

Hydrotreating of Maya heavy crude oil over high specific surface area CoMo/TiO₂–Al₂O₃ oxide supported catalysts was studied in an integral reactor close to industrial practice. Activity studies were carried out with Maya crude hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrodemetallization (HDM), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), and hydrodeasphaltenization (HDAs) reactions. The effect of support composition, the method of TiO₂ incorporation, and the catalyst deactivation are examined. Supported catalysts are characterized by BET specific surface area (SSA), pore volume (PV), pore size distribution (PSD), and atomic absorption. It has been found that sulfided catalysts showed a wide range of activity variation with TiO₂ incorporation into the alumina, which confirmed that molybdenum sulfided active phases strongly depend on the nature of support. The pore diameter and nature of the active site for HDS, HDM, HDN, and HDAs account for the influence of the large reactant molecules restricted diffusion into the pore, and/or the decrease in the number of active sites due to the MoS₂ phases buried with time-on-stream. The textural properties and hysteresis loop area of supported and spent catalysts indicated that catalysts were deactivated at the pore mouth due to the metal and carbon depositions. The atomic absorption results agreed well regarding the textural properties of spent catalysts. Thus, incorporation of TiO₂ with γ-Al₂O₃ alters the nature of active metal interaction with support, which may facilitate the dispersion of active phases on the support surface. Therefore, the TiO₂ counterpart plays a promoting role to HDS activity due to the favorable morphology of MoS₂ phases and metal support interaction.     

MoS2/ZnO纳米复合材料的光学和光催化性能

在溶剂热法制备ZnO纳米粒子的基础上,利用物理剥离和纳米粒子互剪切作用成功制备了MoS₂/ZnO异质结构纳米复合物。以扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线能量色散光谱、粉末X射线衍射、拉曼光谱仪、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、光致发光谱等对样品进行了结构形貌和性能表征。结果表明,利用物理剥离和互剪切作用能有效地获得MoS₂/ZnO复合物,复合作用使得MoS₂位于378cm^-1(E¹_2g)和400cm^-1(A_1g)处的两个特征拉曼峰显著增强。复合物中MoS₂含量越少,两个特征拉曼峰强度反而越高,且两峰波数间隔相应减小。可归因于MoS₂含量较低时,ZnO纳米粒子对MoS₂的物理剥离效果越显著,同时,MoS₂体现出良好的分散性和较小的厚度。MoS₂含量对MoS₂/ZnO的发光具有明显的调制作用,显著增强了复合物在可见光区域的吸收。随着MoS₂含量增加,其可见光发光强度迅速减小,紫外峰出现明显的蓝移。纯ZnO对苯酚的降解率最高达90%,而MoS₂/ZnO复合物对苯酚的降解率达100%,复合物对苯酚的最终降解率明显高于纯氧化锌。