1种防水防油剂及其制备方法和应用

正1种防水防油剂及其制备工艺和应用,防水防油剂的组成及质量分数为:含氟聚合物20%~30%、相容剂3%~20%、表面活性剂1%~5%、亲水性溶剂4%~20%、pH调节助剂0.001%~3%和水。该发明提供的防水防油剂具有良好的防水防油效果,并且绿色环保。本发明相对现有技术产品,可以更好的发挥含氟物质对防水防油效果的贡献,降低表面活性剂对防水防油性能的影响。(CN103572604A)     

氟代聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液整理剂的防水防油性能

采用无皂乳液聚合法,以全氟烷基酯(FEA)为功能单体,制备了一种氟代聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液整理剂,并对其乳液颗粒粒径大小及分布和高分子溶液表面活性进行了研究。通过对棉织物进行防水防油整理应用实验,详细考察了该织物整理剂的使用质量分数和焙烘温度对防水防油性能的影响,并测试了其他应用性能。结果表明,通过该防水防油剂处理的织物有优异的防水防油性能,处理后的织物表面动态防水性可达90分,防油性可达5级,对水的接触角可达142.5°,对石蜡油的接触角可达126°,并且有良好的耐水洗性和常规应用性能。     

织物含氟防水防油剂的概述

本文介绍了织物防水防油剂的合成方法、基本组成、防水防油机理及国内外发展史。     

氟代聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液整理剂的防水防油性能研究

本文采用无皂乳液聚合法,以全氟烷基酯（FEA）为功能单体,制备了一种氟代聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液整理剂,并对其乳液颗粒粒径大小及分布和高分子溶液表面活性进行了研究。通过对棉织物进行防水防油整理应用实验,详细考察了该织物整理剂的使用质量百分数和烘焙温度对防水防油性能的影响,并测试了其他应用性能。结果表明,通过该防水防油剂处理的织物有优异的防水防油性能,处理后的织物表面动态防水性可达90分,防油性可达5级,对水的接触角可达142.5°,对石蜡油的接触角可达126?,并且有良好的耐水洗性和常规应用性能。     

含氟皮革防水防油剂开发动态

叙述了填充型、全氟烷基络合型、氟硅和氟碳型皮革防水防油剂的组成和性能 ,分析探讨了皮革防水防油的处理机理及特征 ,并对皮革防污处理工艺的应用方法和革制品的性能测试作了介绍。     

氧杂含氟单体类聚合物织物防水防油剂的合成与应用

以氧杂含氟单体1,1-二氢-2,5-二(三氟甲基)-3,6-二氧杂-全氟-1-壬醇丙烯酸酯和1,1-二氢-2,5-二(三氟甲基)-3,6-二氧杂-全氟-1-壬醇烯丙基醚为防水防油功能单体,采用预乳化-均质-细乳液聚合的工艺制备了防水防油剂.测试结果表明,乳液稳定、性能优良,防水可达4.5级,防油可达3级;染整工厂应用试验表明,使用过程中无恶性泡沫与粘滚现象,用量少、成本低.该乳液不会产生持久性污染物,清洁、环保,符合防水防油剂乳液的发展方向.     

壳聚糖基吸附剂在工业废水处理中的应用

壳聚糖是来源丰富的天然高分子化合物,其分子上大量的氨基和羟基对重金属、有机物等都有很好的吸附作用。壳聚糖经改性或复合形成的壳聚糖基吸附剂,在机械强度、吸附性能等方面都有明显提高,在废水处理领域得到广泛的研究和应用。综述了壳聚糖基吸附剂在工业废水处理中的应用和成效。     

壳聚糖基复合水凝胶在创伤修复中的应用

综述了近年来壳聚糖与温敏材料、生长因子、多肽及多种其他材料通过物理或化学方法复合制备的壳聚糖基水凝胶及其在创伤修复领域中研究和应用的新进展,并对其发展前景进行了展望,期望为后续壳聚糖基水凝胶的进一步研究提供参考。     

壳聚糖基复合水凝胶在创伤修复中的应用

综述了近年来壳聚糖与温敏材料、生长因子、多肽及多种其他材料通过物理或化学方法复合制备的壳聚糖基水凝胶及其在创伤修复领域中研究和应用的新进展,并对其发展前景进行了展望,期望为后续壳聚糖基水凝胶的进一步研究提供参考。     

新型壳聚糖季铵盐抗菌剂的合成及其性能

先用两步法合成了无O-甲基化 N,N,N-三甲基壳聚糖季铵盐（TMC）,再通过相转移催化合成了N,N,N-三甲基O-辛基壳聚糖季铵盐（TMOC）,用 FTIR、1H NMR、EA、TG 等方法对产物进行表征,并研究其抗菌性能。结果表明,TMOC在pH值为5.5的抗菌活性优于pH值为7.2的抗菌活性;TMOC对革兰阳性菌S. aureus的抗菌活性比革兰阴性菌E. coli强。在不影响水溶性的前提下,O-烷基化改性能有效提高壳聚糖季铵盐的抗菌活性,并且抗菌活性随着O-烷基化度的提高而提高。研究结果为壳聚糖基抗菌剂的改性和制备提供了依据。     

壳聚糖对玉米淀粉可食膜性能的影响

以玉米淀粉为原料，结合壳聚糖在增塑剂甘油的作用下通过溶液浇铸法制备了玉米淀粉/壳聚糖复合可食薄膜，采用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜对薄膜结构和微观形貌进行了表征，研究了壳聚糖的含量对薄膜力学性能、水蒸气透过性、阻油性及抗菌性能的影响。结果表明，适量的壳聚糖可以较明显地改善薄膜的力学性能，提高其隔水和阻油性能；壳聚糖与淀粉质量比为1/3时制得的薄膜结构均匀，拉伸强度为21.54 MPa，是淀粉膜的2.52倍，水蒸气透过率为4.52×10^-5 g/（mm·d），较淀粉膜降低了49.3 %，薄膜能抑制大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生长，对二者的抑菌率分别为43.55 %和32.89 %。     

鱼鳞明胶/壳聚糖/薰衣草精油抗菌复合膜制备及性能

以鱼鳞明胶(SG)和壳聚糖(CS)为原料,薰衣草精油(LEO)为抗菌剂,通过共混法制备抗菌复合膜,通过FTIR、XRD、SEM和热重分析对复合膜的形貌和结构进行表征及对力学、光学、阻隔、抑菌等性能测试分析。结果表明,LEO与SG/CS基膜较好复合,与SG/CS基膜相比,当LEO添加量为1%时,复合膜具有良好的力学强度(26.36 MPa),断裂伸长率提升了12.96%；透明度有所下降,透光率为70.50%；耐水性能和水蒸气阻隔性能显著增强,含水率、水溶性和水蒸汽透过率分别下降了22.48%、30.49%和26.03%；DPPH自由基清除率提高了247.88%,抗氧化性显著提高；同时对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有良好的抑菌作用。     

Active packaging material based on buriti oil – Mauritia flexuosa L.f. (Arecaceae) incorporated into chitosan films

Active and biodegradable materials have great potential in food packaging applications, improving the safety and quality of products. The objective of this study was to develop a new material based on buriti oil incorporated into a chitosan film. Different concentrations of buriti oil in dried films (2.1 g/m², 10.4 g/m², 20.8 g/m², and 31.3 g/m²) were added into a chitosan matrix (41.7 g/m²). The chitosan/buriti oil films were characterized by water‐vapor barrier properties, total water‐soluble matter (TSM), tensile properties, thermogravimetric analysis, microstructure, microbial permeation properties, and biodegradation estimation. The higher oil concentration improved the water‐vapor barrier and the buriti oil acted largely as a plasticizer and increased the elongation at break, and decreased the tensile strength (TS) of chitosan films. The total water‐soluble matter of chitosan films decreased in function of the buriti oil concentration, but the biodegradation and thermal stability increased. The chitosan films presented a microbial barrier against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43210.     

New Active Packaging Based on Biopolymeric Mixture Added with Bacteriocin as Active Compound

The objective of this work was to develop a chitosan/agar-agar bioplastic film incorporated with bacteriocin that presents active potential when used as food packaging. The formulation of the film solution was determined from an experimental design, through the optimization using the desirability function. After establishing the concentrations of the biopolymers and the plasticizer, the purified bacteriocin extract of Lactobacillus sakei was added, which acts as an antibacterial agent. The films were characterized through physical, chemical, mechanical, barrier, and microbiological analyses. The mechanical properties and water vapor permeability were not altered by the addition of the extract. The swelling property decreased with the addition of the extract and the solubility increased, however, the film remained intact when in contact with the food, thus allowing an efficient barrier. Visible light protection was improved by increased opacity and antibacterial capacity was effective. When used as Minas Frescal cream cheese packaging, it contributed to the increase of microbiological stability, showing a reduction of 2.62 log UFC/g, contributing a gradual release of the active compound into the food during the storage time. The film had an active capacity that could be used as a barrier to the food, allowing it to be safely packaged.     

Effects of vanillin and plasticizer on properties of chitosan‐methyl cellulose based film

Chitosan‐methyl cellulose based films which incorporatate vanillin as an antimicrobial agent and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) as a plasticizer were developed in this study. The effects of vanillin and plasticizer concentration on mechanical, barrier, optical, and thermal properties of chitosan‐methyl cellulose film were evaluated. When the vanillin concentration was increased at a given PEG level, film flexibility decreased while tensile strength increased slightly. Vanillin increased the barrier to oxygen but not water vapor. Increasing vanillin content resulted in less transparency and a more yellowish tint. The bulky nature of vanillin reduced film crystallization. When PEG concentration was increased at a given vanillin level, it resulted in greater film flexibility but reduced film strength. Water vapor permeability (WVP) and oxygen permeability (OP) increased with increase in PEG content. PEG contributed less to the opacity, yellowness, and crystallization of the film than did vanillin. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

含氟丙烯酸酯乳液的制备及性能研究

以全氟辛基丙烯酸乙酯为主要单体,制备了核壳型含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,采用红外光谱和激光粒度对聚合物进行了表征,并对纯棉织物进行了拒水拒油整理,研究了聚合方法、整理工艺对纯棉织物表面拒水拒油性能的影响,通过SEM对整理后织物表面进行了分析。结果表明含氟丙烯酸酯乳液作为织物整理剂整理后的织物具有良好的拒水拒油性。     

Development and characterization of chitosan bionanocomposites containing oxidized cellulose nanocrystals

In this research, cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) were extracted from corn cobs by 2,2,6,6,‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl radical‐mediated oxidation combined with ultrasonic treatment for the first time. These CNs were then used as a mechanical reinforcement agent and barrier in chitosan‐based bionanocomposite films. Birefringence analyses under crossed polarizers indicated the presence of isolated nanocrystals in suspension, which was later confirmed by TEM analysis. The crystallinity index obtained from X‐ray diffraction was 92.4%. The incorporation of these nanoparticles into a filmogenic matrix of chitosan made it possible to obtain bionanocomposite films with improved properties. The water‐vapor permeability was reduced by 70%, whereas the tensile strength and Young's modulus increased by up to 136 and 224% respectively. The developed films were applied as interleaving of sliced cheese, and the efficiency was assessed by investigation of adhesion between the surfaces and by comparing its properties with two commercial interleaving products (polyethylene (PE), and Greasepel paper (GP)). Concluding, the developed films showed a substantial potential to be exploited as an interleaving film, owing to its excellent mechanical properties, permeability, hydrophobicity, and low surface adhesion compared to pure chitosan, PE, and GP films. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43033.     

壳聚糖及其衍生物在天然织物整理中的应用研究进展

壳聚糖具有良好的抗菌性、吸湿性、反应活性和成纤性,作为新型织物整理剂在纺织产业具有广泛的应用前景。本文综述了近年来壳聚糖及其衍生物在天然织物抗菌、染色、阻燃、防静电、抗紫外和防毡缩等整理中的应用,并就其赋予织物各项性能的机理及影响因素进行讨论。采用对壳聚糖进行改性、与金属化合物的复合使用和对织物表面进行超声、等离子等预处理的方法有利于改善其对织物的整理效果,并对织物的各项物理性能起积极作用。未来壳聚糖基整理剂可在加强某个单一性能的基础上,选择性地引入多个功能性基团,合成符合应用需求的环保型多功能整理剂。     

壳聚糖抗菌活性研究进展

壳聚糖具有无毒、良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性、广谱抗菌性等优良性能,作为新型抗菌剂越来越受学者的青睐。本文主要综述了21世纪以来影响壳聚糖抗菌性能的因素、壳聚糖的抗菌机理以及壳聚糖衍生物抗菌性能等方面的内容。     

交联壳聚糖/蒙脱土复合膜的制备及性能研究

以壳聚糖（CS）为基质材料，蒙脱土（MMT）为填料，采用戊二醛（GA）交联改性并结合溶液插层法制备了交联壳聚糖/蒙脱土（CS/GA/MMT）复合膜。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪及热重分析仪对复合膜的结构进行了表征，考察了MMT用量对复合膜的吸水性能、水蒸气阻隔性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，交联改性CS可提高CS膜的耐水性，CS/GA膜的吸水率较CS膜降低了9.6 %；MMT可提高复合膜的耐水性、水蒸气阻隔性能、力学性能和热稳定性；当MMT的用量为CS质量的5 %时，复合膜的各项性能较好，吸水率、水蒸气透过率和断裂伸长率较CS膜分别降低了37.3 %、36.7 %和41.9 %，且拉伸强度提高了160.5 %。