海泡石纤维／不饱和聚酯复合材料研究

研究了海泡石纤维／不饱和聚酯(UP)复合材料制备中纤维松解、表面处理、纤维用量、增稠剂和炭黑的加入等因素的作用及影响。探讨了复合材料成型工艺参数，研究了海泡石纤维／UP复合材料的性能，并与短切玻璃纤维／UP复合材料进行了比较。发现海泡石纤维／UP复合材料密度稍大，常态体积电阻稍小，硬度接近，表面电阻及沸煮后的体积电阻值则较高。     

竹片的预处理对竹/U P复合材料力学性能影响及分析

本文深入分析了影响竹／不饱和聚酯（UP）界面粘结性能的多个因素，提出采用稀碱液预处理竹片是提高竹／UP复合材料性能的一种方便、有效、实用的方法。     

碳纤维增强不饱和聚酯自修复复合材料的制备及性能

采用原位聚合法制备了以三聚氰胺-脲甲醛为壁材,环氧E-51为芯材的微胶囊(MUF),并将其应用到碳纤维(CF)增强不饱和聚酯(UP)复合材料中,详细探讨了CF质量分数和MUF质量分数对碳纤维/不饱和聚酯(CF/UP)复合材料和微胶囊/碳纤维/不饱和聚酯(MUF/CF/UP)复合材料热稳定性、力学性能和自修复性能的影响。通过OM和SEM观察MUF的表面形貌,FTIR对MUF、CF/UP复合材料和MUF/CF/UP复合材料的化学结构进行表征,TGA、悬臂梁冲击仪和万能拉力试验机对复合材料的热稳定性、冲击性能、拉伸性能和自修复性能进行测试。结果表明,CF和MUF质量分数均为1%时,MUF/CF/UP复合材料的热稳定性较佳,力学性能及自修复性能较优;其拉伸强度为3.99 MPa,弹性模量为229.58 MPa,断裂伸长率为2.12%,冲击强度为86.75 k J/m~2,自修复效率为62.02%。     

有机累托石改性不饱和聚酯／玻璃纤维复合材料的研究

采用有机累托石改性不饱和聚酯，以改性的不饱和聚酯为基体，以两种玻璃布(EW210、CWR400-90)为增强材料，以两个不同凝胶时间的不饱和聚酯树脂体系制备三种有机累托石改性的不饱和聚酯磁璃纤维复合材料(UPB1、UPB2、UPB3)。测试了不饱和聚酯/玻璃纤维的力学性能；研究了复合材料的耐湿热性及耐介质性能；利用扫描电镜及透射电镜分析了复合材料的增强机理。结果表明，采用有机累托石改性不饱和聚酯所制备的不饱和聚酯／玻璃纤维复合材料的综合力学性能优于纯不饱和聚酯／玻璃纤维复合材料。     

不饱和聚酯树脂/大麻纤维复合材料性能的研究

采用模压工艺制备了不饱和聚酯(UP)树脂/大麻纤维复合材料,研究了大麻纤维加入量及纤维的碱处理、乙酰化处理及偶联剂处理对复合材料力学性能的影响;采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对复合材料的结构进行了表征和分析。结果表明,随着大麻纤维含量的增加,UP树脂/大麻纤维复合材料的拉伸弹性模量逐渐增加,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量及冲击强度等均先降低而后逐渐增大;偶联剂处理对复合材料力学性能的改善效果最好;偶联剂与纤维之间发生了酯化反应。     

苎麻增强UP树脂复合材料的研究

以邻苯型不饱和聚酯(UP)树脂为基体、以苎麻布为增强材料，在室温条件下模压成型制备苎麻布／UP树脂复合材料，利用同时热分析仪STA研究了该复合材料的耐热性能，并将其力学性能与纯UP树脂浇铸体的相应性能进行了对比研究。结果表明：苎麻／UP树脂复合材料的耐热性能较纯UP树脂浇铸体有所提高；其拉伸强度及拉伸模量、弯曲强度及弯曲模量、冲击强度等各项力学性能指标均明显优于纯UP树脂浇铸体。     

不饱和聚酯增容HDPE/GF复合材料的研究

以不饱和聚酯(UP)为增容剂、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂制备了玻璃纤维(GF)增强高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料,研究了UP以及DCP的用量对该HDPE/UP/GF复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:UP的加入明显提高了复合材料的力学性能,当UP用量为7%时,复合材料的力学性能最优;而引发剂DCP的用量亦对复合材料的性能有着显著的影响,随着DCP用量的增加,复合材料的力学性能先升后降,其中当DCP用量为0.15%时,复合材料具有最佳力学性能。另外,扫描电镜(SEM)分析结果显示,UP的加入改善了复合材料的界面黏结,从而提高了复合材料的力学性能。     

苯乙烯对植物纤维渗透性及UP复合材料成型质量影响

为提高真空辅助树脂注射成型工艺制备植物纤维增强复合材料的生产效率和成型质量,以苯乙烯为稀释剂,以不同黏度不饱和聚酯树脂(UP)和苎麻织物制备苎麻织物增强UP复合材料。基于达西定律研究UP黏度对苎麻增强体渗透率的影响,结合复合材料纤维体积分数、力学性能以及内部缺陷对复合材料成型质量进行分析。结果表明,随着UP黏度降低,增强体的渗透性呈近似指数增加,纤维膨胀效应逐渐增大,而力学性能先升高后降低,这与苯乙烯交联单体固化机理相关;黏度为360 mPa·s的UP制备的复合材料综合性能最优,其渗透率、拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量、弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量和剪切强度相比黏度为440 mPa·s的UP制备的复合材料,分别提高22.22%,20.80%,12.05%,5.44%,7.58%和8.27%;UP黏度降低改善了纱线内部UP流动的滞后性,UP复合材料内部的缺陷减少。     

黄麻纤维接枝聚醚增强UP复合材料研究

采用经过氢氧化钠和甲苯二异氰酸酯-聚醚二元醇(TDI-PPG)表面处理的黄麻纤维织物作为增强体,以191#通用不饱和聚酯树脂(UP)作为基体,通过模压成型的方法制备了黄麻纤维增强UP复合材料。傅立叶变换红外光谱及X射线光电子能谱分析表明,TDI-PPG接枝于黄麻纤维上;通过热分析确定了复合材料的加工温度为160℃,根据生产经验确定成型压力为2 MPa;用短梁弯曲法测试了黄麻纤维接枝前、后UP复合材料的层间剪切强度,后者大于前者;随着黄麻纤维体积分数的增加,接枝黄麻纤维增强UP复合材料的力学性能得到提高,当黄麻纤维体积分数为54.44%时,接枝黄麻纤维增强UP复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为112.31 MPa,109.32 MPa和14.85 k J/m2。     

我国未来UP市场发展前景广阔

有统计资料显示，在过去5年中，中国的不饱和聚酯（UP）用量以约20％的年增率增长。国产UP的总量约72万t，另外进口约13万t补充使用。其中60％的UP用于无增强用途，如人造石、装饰品、钮扣、腻子和家具清漆等。其余部分用于被增强即复合材料用途，其中缠绕法和手糊法是主要的成型方法。专家预测，在未来2年内，     

Effect of cloisite 30B clay and sisal fiber on dynamic mechanical and fracture behavior of unsaturated polyester toughened epoxy network

This study examined the dynamic mechanical properties of sisal fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester (UP) toughened epoxy nanocomposites. The chemical structures changes in Epoxy, UP and UP toughened epoxy (Epoxy/UP) systems were characterized by Proton Nuclear magnetic resonance (¹HNMR) spectroscopy. The morphological alterations of the nanocomposites were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The untreated, chemically treated fibers, nanoclays, and the fiber reinforced Epoxy/UP nanocomposites were confirmed by FTIR spectrometer. The obtained mechanical results showed that alkali‐silane treated fibers improve the tensile strength (96%) and flexural strength (60%) of the Epoxy/UP nanocomposite than that of Epoxy/UP blend due to the strong interfacial bonding between the sisal fiber and matrix. The fracture toughness (K_IC) and fracture energy (G_IC) of treated sisal fiber reinforced DGEBA/UP/C30B nanocomposites found to be higher than that of untreated sisal fiber nanocomposites. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) reveals that the fiber reinforced Epoxy/UP nanocomposites contains 30 wt% treated fiber and 1 wt% nanoclays, exhibits the highest storage modulus and better glass transition temperature (T_g) among the other kind of systems. The surface morphology of the fibers, fractured surface of the resins and composites were confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). POLYM. COMPOS., 37:2832–2846, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Unsaturated polyester‐toughened epoxy composites: Effect of sisal fiber on thermal and dynamic mechanical properties

In the present study, the mechanical and thermal properties of sisal fiber‐reinforced unsaturated polyester (UP)‐toughened epoxy composites were investigated. The sisal fibers were chemically treated with alkali (NaOH) and silane solutions in order to improve the interfacial interaction between fibers and matrix. The chemical composition of resins and fibers was identified by using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The UP‐toughened epoxy blends were obtained by mixing UP (5, 10, and 15 wt%) into the epoxy resin. The fiber‐reinforced composites were prepared by incorporating sisal fibers (10, 20, and 30 wt%) within the optimized UP‐toughened epoxy blend. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the morphological changes of the fibers and the adhesion between the fibers and the UP‐toughened epoxy system. The results showed that the tensile and flexural strength of (alkali‐silane)‐treated fiber (30 wt%) ‐reinforced composites increased by 83% and 55%, respectively, as compared with that of UP‐toughened epoxy blend. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the (alkali‐silane)‐treated fiber and its composite exhibited higher thermal stability than the untreated and alkali‐treated fiber systems. An increase in storage modulus and glass transition temperature was observed for the UP‐toughened epoxy matrix on reinforcement with treated fibers. The water uptake behavior of both alkali and alkali‐silane‐treated fiber‐reinforced composites is found to be less as compared with the untreated fiber‐reinforced composite. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 23:188–199, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PP-g-MA和UP增容PP/玻璃纤维复合材料性能的研究

以聚丙烯-马来酸酐接枝(物PP-g-MA)和不饱和聚(酯UP)作为界面相容剂,研究了界面相容剂对玻璃纤维增强PP复合材料力学性能及界面黏结的影响。结果表明:加入PP-g-MA或UP,玻璃纤维增强PP复合材料的力学性能明显提高,且UP的增容效果优于PP-g-MA。在玻璃纤维含量为40%时,PP/UP/GF复合材料的拉伸强度比未改性的复合材料的拉伸强度提高了150%,弯曲强度提高了132%,冲击强度提高了89%;扫描电镜照片表明:PP-g-MA和UP使被拔出玻璃纤维表面黏附了一层树脂,增强了PP与玻璃纤维之间的界面黏结作用;DSC测试表明:PP-g-MA和UP同时加入使复合材料熔融峰温度下降结,晶度增加。     

DCP对PP/GF/UP复合材料性能的影响

以聚丙烯(PP)及玻璃纤维(GF)为原料,以不饱和树脂(UP)作为界面相容剂,研究过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)含量对玻璃纤维增强PP复合材料力学性能、界面和结晶行为的影响.结果表明:DCP的加入改善了PP/GF/UP复合材料的流动性,复合材料的拉伸、弯曲和冲击性能先上升后下降,且在UP和DCP质量含量分别为5%和0.2%时,出现极大值.随DCP的增加,结晶峰温度先向低温偏移,后向高温偏移,而结晶度变化趋势相反.     

Studies on thermal degradation and flame retardant behavior of the sisal fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester toughened epoxy nanocomposites

Unsaturated polyester (UP) toughened nanocomposites were prepared using both sisal fibers and montmorillonite clays. The effect of fibers and Cloisite 30B (C30B) nanoclays on the mechanical properties, thermal stability, flame retardant, and morphological behavior of the UP toughened epoxy (Epoxy/UP) were systematically studied. The chemical structures of Epoxy, UP, and Epoxy/UP systems were characterized using Proton Nuclear magnetic resonance (¹HNMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The homogeneous dispersion of nanoclay within the polymer matrix was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Incorporation of sisal fibers and C30B nanoclays within Epoxy/UP system resulted in an increase in the mechanical, thermal, and flame retardance properties. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) has been employed to evaluate the thermal degradation kinetic parameters of the composites using Kissinger and Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa methods. Cone calorimeter, UL‐94, and LOI tests revealed a reduction in the burning rate of the matrix with the addition of fibers and nanoclays. The results showed that the treated fiber reinforced nanocomposites had higher thermal stability and better flame retardant properties than the treated fiber reinforced composites. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42068.     

FRP再循环利用技术

本文介绍了FRP材料再循环利用的有关技术，重点探讨了常压解聚方法。利用该方法，可以在常压下溶解废旧FRP中使用的不饱和聚酯树脂（UP），回收得到废旧FRP中的玻璃纤维、填料等，实现FRP材料的再循环利用。     

导电复合材料的研究

以铝粉，乙炔炭黑，石墨等导电填料，不饱和聚酯树脂为基休一项玻璃纤维布为增强材料制成复合型导电复合。研究了导电填料不同种类，添加量对复合材料性能的影响。     

紫外线对不饱和聚酯树脂/玻璃纤维层合板性能的影响

对不饱和聚酯树脂/玻璃纤维层合板进行了室温下的人工加速老化试验。试验发现,长期的紫外线照射对层合板的拉伸性能和弯曲性能都有一定的影响,而且随照射时间的延长,拉伸性能和弯曲性能都呈下降趋势。     

Thermal and mechanical properties of functionalized mullite reinforced unsaturated polyester composites

This work studies the development of varying weight percentages (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt%) of surface functionalized mullite reinforced unsaturated polyester (UP) composites and their thermal, dielectric, water absorption, and mechanical properties. The synthesized mullite was functionalized with vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES). The introduction of vinyl groups on the surface of mullite was confirmed by FT‐IR, TGA, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Varying weight percentages (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt%) of vinyl functionalized mullite (VFM) were incorporated into UP resin with a benzoyl peroxide initiator to obtain composites. The resultant data obtained from thermal, mechanical, dielectric, and water absorption studies, indicate that incorporation of VFM, leads to a significant improvement in the thermo mechanical, dielectric, and moisture resistant properties of the UP composites, compared with those of neat UP matrices. The molecular dispersion of VFM fiber in reinforced UP matrix composites was confirmed by SEM analysis. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:1663–1670, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers