镀铬废水中铬的回收及其应用

介绍了用离子交换法处理含铬废水的离子交换柱的洗脱液中Cr6 的处理方法。该处理方法为:洗脱液中的Cr6 经还原处理为Cr3 ,用化学沉淀法和絮凝法将其转化为Cr(OH)3沉淀,经硫酸酸化,结晶为高纯硫酸铬,作为一种铬鞣剂,应用于皮革工业的鞣革,取得了良好的效果。     

明胶组分分离的研究

本文使用CM-52离子交换树脂层析技术研究了明胶组分分离的有关因素,结果表明:氢键裂断剂和明胶溶液入柱前的处理对a组分的收率具有明显的影响,而一些操作因素,如离子交换时的介质酸度、缓冲洗脱液的组成、离子强度以及洗脱速度对过程的分辨率都具有明显的影响;此外,还发现,每批次处理的明胶量应与层析柱的离子交换量相称,否则将会影响分离的效果。     

用P507萃取树脂柱色谱法分离富集岩石中的微量稀土元素

微量稀土的分离富集,目前应用得较多的是离子交换树脂法,此法优于沉淀法,分离简便,富集完全,但柱上的分离时间较长,一般在20小时左右。新近应用于岩石中稀土富集的萃取色谱法,流速高于离子交换色谱法,洗提峰陡而对称,无拖尾,洗提体积小于离子交换色谱法。我们在工作的基础上,运用P507萃取树脂分离富集岩石中的微量稀土取得了成功。柱上的分离时间约2小时,洗脱液的体积仅25     

用液相色谱固定相YSG-SO_3Na分离碱土金属及含铀矿石中钙、镁的快速测定

用高速离子交换色谱法分离碱土金属的工-作已有报导。其中Small等人和Wimberley使用的是带有电导检测器的离子色谱法。这种方法需要低容量离子交换树脂的分离柱和消除背景电导离子的抑制柱,抑制柱需要定期再生。用高容量离子交换树脂分离碱土金属的工作也有报导,使用的洗脱液多为一元体系。用这种体系的洗脱液,在国产离子交换树脂上分离碱土金属时,不但分离时间长,而且分离度也差,因而难以作定量分析。     

含铬废水铬回收阴离子交换的新再生法

绪言发展能用于分离和浓缩污染物(这些污染物可以循环使用)的分离技术是重要的。离子交换分离是其中一种分离技术,它仅在特殊场合下用来从废水中回收水和化学物质。从经济观点来看,需要尽可能最高的洗脱液浓度。因为洗脱液浓度足够高才有可能直接回用于生产过程。因此常采用蒸发法进行浓缩。直接从离子交换器获得高浓度洗脱液是重要的,获得高浓     

金属亲和膜色谱法纯化木瓜蛋白酶条件优化

建立了一种快速、简便的分离木瓜蛋白酶的方法。尼龙膜经壳聚糖改性后,以金属镍离子N i2+为配基制备了一种新型的蛋白质分离材料,并将该亲和膜应用于木瓜蛋白酶的分离纯化,在对洗脱液、上样速度、洗脱速度、洗脱液的pH值和洗脱液的离子强度进行优化的基础上,成功地分离纯化出木瓜蛋白酶,纯化倍数为20.59倍。     

离子交换法富集人造金刚石废水中重金属离子

提出了从人造金刚石废水中回收金属离子的方法，讨论了离子交换法富集回收Ni^2 、Mn^2 的工艺流程及操作参数，运行工艺简单，经济效益显著。由于处理水质的特殊性决定了离了交换树脂法的特殊性，要求去除废水中的重金属离子而保持其原酸度，通过试验用离子交换树脂处理后的出水，基本保持了原来的酸性，废水中的重金属离子被富集在洗脱液中。     

离子交换膜的应用技术

离子交换膜具有分离效果好、能耗少和环保等特点,已经逐渐被应用于化工、海水脱盐、废水治理等领域。根据离子交换膜的分离机理不同,可将其在水处理中的应用分为电渗析、扩散渗析和Donnan渗析等三种,对三种分离方法的机理作了详细介绍,并举例说明了离子交换膜在水处理中的巨大潜力。     

离子交换树脂的鉴别

离子交换树脂的应用广泛,几乎遍及各学科领域与工业生产。但由于保管不善或别的偶然原因,有时会将树脂搞混,不辨阴阳。常用的鉴别方法是首先用浓NaCl溶液分离可能存在的混合树脂,再以酸、碱转型,洗至中性后用NaCl溶液洗脱,测量洗脱液的pH值,确定离子交换树脂的阴阳。此法颇为繁锁费事;若用pH滴定法测绘滴定曲线来确定树脂的阴阳,就更为费事了。     

极端环境细菌Gracilibacillus ureilyticus抑菌活性物质的提取与分离

研究了芽孢细菌Gracilibacillus ureilyticus抗白色念珠菌活性物质的提取分离,以洗脱液颜色和活性为评价指标,探讨了大孔吸附树脂脱色和离子交换树脂提取工艺条件,为极端环境细菌Gracilibacillus ureilyticus抑菌活性物质的进一步开发和利用奠定了基础。     

Separation of Indium from Acid Sulfate-Containing Solutions by Ion Exchange with Impregnated Resins

Indium separation using ion exchange resins from acidic polymetallic and very diluted solutions are investigated. Since the selectivity of commercial ion exchange resins have proven to be too low for an effective separation from solutions with high content of other metals, Lewatit® TP 208 was impregnated with common extractants to enhance its properties. By resin impregnation with D2EHPA and Cyanex 272, not only the selective indium recovery was reached but also the resin capacity was increased approx. two times. The best loading and elution performance were shown by Cyanex 272-impregnated Lewatit® TP 208, increasing the indium purity in the eluate from 0.75 % to 85 %.     

离子交换树脂复苏方法的应用

阳床离子交换树脂被Fe3＋污染、混床离子交换树脂被有机物和铵污染后,交换能力下降,通过问题分析,利用再生剂进行复苏处理,恢复树脂活性。     

离子交换法的发展趋势及应用

离子交换法是利用离子交换剂与溶液中的离子发生交换作用而使离子分离的方法。如今,离子交换分离技术取得了突飞猛进的发展,成为了现代各个工业中净化与分离的中流砥柱。阐述了离子交换分离法的发展以及最新的应用进展,从重金属污水处理、食品工业、医药卫生以及清洁能源等方面综合阐明离子分离技术以及离子交换树脂在诸多领域中的重要作用。     

离子交换法处理含Cr(Ⅵ)废水的研究

采用201×7强碱性阴离子交换树脂处理模拟含Cr(Ⅵ)废水,探讨了废水酸度、交换时间、浓度对Cr(Ⅵ)去除率的影响以及树脂再生所需的合适温度和再生剂浓度。结果表明,201×7强碱性阴离子交换树脂处理模拟含Cr(Ⅵ)废水,具有交换容量大、交换效果好、树脂再生条件较简单等优点。并对实际含铬废水进行了处理,废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的初始浓度为1 540 mg/L,处理量达52 BV(床体积)时,出水中Cr(Ⅵ)的浓度仍小于0.5 mg/L,达到国家排放标准。树脂交换容量约80 mg/g。用8%NaOH溶液,在50℃条件下进行再生效果较好,再生率大于95%,可实现树脂的重复使用。     

Specific Features in the Design of Gradient-Index Elements from Glasses by Ion Exchange

The approaches most universally applied to the design of radial optical gradient-index elements from glasses through ion exchange are analyzed. A new method is proposed for choosing both the optimum initial glass intended for use in ion exchange and the optimum content of exchanging components at the axis and the lateral surface of a cylinder in order to achieve a parabolic distribution of the refractive index. The proposed method is based on the concept of mole-additive modification of the refractive index.     

High-performance protein separation by ion exchange membrane partitioned free-flow isoelectric focusing system

The objective of this study is to investigate a combination of ion exchange membranes and free-flow isoelectric focusing (FFIEF) technology for high-selectivity and high-flux protein separation, in which ion exchange membranes are used as the separation media. An FFIEF device has been designed and extensive experiments have been conducted to prove its effectiveness in enhancing the protein separation performance. Three types of membranes were employed in this work and they were commercial microfiltration (MF) ion exchange membranes, commercial neutral UF cellulose membranes, and home-made ultrafiltration sulfonated polysulfone (UF SPSf) ion exchange membranes. The protein separation results show that the home-made UF SPSf membranes have the superior selectivity and flux to other membranes. This is due to the fact that a stable pH gradient across the membranes as well as the interaction between the protein molecules and membrane surface plays an important role in the high-performance protein separation. By applying a semi-batch separation process and optimizing various experimental conditions, a high-purity (>90%) and concentrated target protein is obtained at the permeation side of the home-made UF SPSf membranes with a high flux.     

001×7钠离子交换树脂工作性能的测定及其意义

001×7钠离子交换树脂的一个重要指标是工作交换容量,但它随着工作条件的不同而不同。作者研究了钠离子交换树脂实际工作性能测定方法,通过建立实验室标准测定工作条件,其中对测定树脂的预处理方式、软化器参数、进水水质及终点控制、运行流速等四个方面进行条件优化后定为标准测定条件,并与标准树脂进行对比实验形成简易鉴定树脂工作性能的新方法。该方法可广泛用于树脂工作性能和中毒情况的鉴定以及水处理设计等方面。     

D296树脂分离锆、铪洗脱的效果

介绍了在离子交换固定床上用D296强碱性阴离子交换树脂分离锆、铪的洗脱实验研究。吸附与洗脱实验的温度均控制在2~5℃,洗脱实验在饱和吸附的离子交换柱、过漏的离子交换柱、未过漏的离子交换柱中进行。研究结果表明:离子交换柱吸附状态以及洗脱剂酸度对分离效果有显著的影响。当离子交换柱存在交换区时,用任何酸度的硫酸作为洗脱剂,铪均被先洗脱出来,但高酸度的洗脱剂对分离锆、铪更有利;当离子交换柱为饱和状态时,低酸度和高酸度的洗脱剂洗脱,锆、铪不能得到分离。实验证明了单一的固定床分离锆、铪的效率低,要成功实现锆、铪的分离,需采用连续分离的离子交换移动床。     

Pervaporation separation of water/ethanol mixture using asymmetric ion‐exchange membranes containing aluminum ions

The asymmetric aluminum ion exchange polysulfone membranes have successfully been prepared for the dehydration of ethanol‐water mixture. The relationship between the membrane morphology, separation performance, and the ion content of membranes were discussed in this study. The experimental results showed that the separation performance of those membranes was increased upon increasing the degree of aluminum ion exchange in polysulfone membranes. Both permeation rate and separation factors of those membranes increased with increasing the degree of ion exchange. The increase in separation performance of aluminum ion exchange membranes was mainly attributed to ion crosslinking in polymer network and the hydration effects of exchanged ion in membranes. On the other hand, the operating temperature in the PV process showed a significant influence on the dehydration of water molecules in the permeate. An increase in temperature increased the permeation flux of permeate but slightly decreased its selectivity. The aluminum asymmetric ions in membranes showed a strong influence on permselectivity of asymmetric ion exchange membranes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007