聚合物及离子液体电解质在锂二次电池中的应用

系统地介绍了锂离子二次电池电解质,特别是聚合物电解质及离子液体电解质的应用研究现状。开发具有高能量密度、稳定的充放电性能、循环寿命长、可塑性、高安全性与低成本的锂离子电池是当前的研究热点。离子液体具有较高的离子电导率、宽电化窗口,且无蒸汽压,而聚合物具有良好的机械加工性能。二者的结合将为锂离子电池电解质的研究提供了新的开发思路。     

锂离子电池PVDF基凝胶电解质隔膜的研究进展

综述了近年来聚合物锂离子电池PVDF基凝胶电解质隔膜的研究进展,详细介绍了凝胶聚合物电解质隔膜的结构性能、在聚合物锂离子电池中的作用以及PVDF基电解质隔膜的制备方法和改性技术,并指出了聚合物锂离子电池隔膜的发展趋势和研究方向。     

P（VDF—HFP）基凝胶聚合物电解质的研究进展

概述影响凝胶聚合物电解质性能的的因素;重点介绍P(VDF-HFP)多孔凝胶聚合物电解质作为锂离子电池聚合物电解质的研究进展,包括该类聚合物电解质的的制备方法及其离子电导率;展望了凝胶聚合物电解质在锂离子电池中的应用前景.     

全固态聚合物电解质的性能研究

聚合物电解质由于本身的优点,已成为锂离子电池研究的一个热点.聚合物电解质由聚合物、锂盐及添加剂组成,本文综述了聚合物电解质研究的新体系,论述了聚合物电解质中各组分对其性能的影响.     

聚合物电解质组成与结构特征的研究进展

聚合物电解质在锂离子电池方面具有广泛的应用前景。聚合物电解质的离子电导率是决定其应用的重要因素，离子电导率与聚合物电解质的组成和结构有着重要的关系。本文结合近几年的相关文献，综述了锂离子电池用的聚合物电解质的组成与结构特征的研究进展，说明了今后的研究方向。     

现场聚合制备锂离子电池用凝胶聚合物电解质研究进展

高比能量锂离子电池是未来储能器件的发展方向.凝胶聚合物锂离子电池因易于加工并克服了以往液态锂离子电池因漏液而造成的安全性问题,成为近年来的研究热点.综述了目前凝胶聚合物电解质制备工艺中最受关注的现场聚合技术,介绍了反应原理、工艺路线、成品性能等,并展望了现场聚合工艺作为新兴锂离子电池生产技术的发展趋势.     

凝胶聚合物电解质的电化学性能

用化学交联法制备了凝胶聚合物电解质.聚烯烃多孔膜支撑的凝胶聚合物电解质具有优良的电化学性能, 室温电导率为1.01×10^-3S•cm^-1，锂离子迁移数为0.41，在Al电极上的氧化起始电位达到4.2 V以上.采用聚烯烃多孔膜支撑的凝胶聚合物电解质制备了聚合物锂离子电池，并研究了工艺条件对聚合物锂离子电池电化学性能的影响.研究的工艺条件包括：单体添加量和电极组合方式.优化后的聚合物锂离子电池具有良好的电化学性能，1 C放电容量为0.2 C放电容量的93.2%，经100次1 C循环后的剩余容量仍在80%以上.     

聚合物电解质的研究进展

介绍了锂离子电池的特点、市场前景及聚合物锂离子电池的种类,综述了聚合物电解质的发展历程,重点阐述了近来研究较多的几种聚合物电解质的研究进展,包括:聚偏氟乙烯基(PVDF基)、聚丙烯腈基(PAN基)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基(PMMA基)和聚乙烯类(PE)聚合物电解质。     

图书资讯

锂离子电池电解质郑洪河等编著49.00元锂离子电池是现代电化学发展的成功范例。电解质作为锂离子电池的关键材料影响甚至决定着电池的比能量、寿命、安全性能、倍率充放电性能和高低温性能等多种宏观电化学性质。该书集中反映了许多国际、国内有关锂离子电池电解质的最新研究成果,系统介绍了有机液体电解质、聚合物电解质、室温离子液体电解质、无机固体电解质和水系电解质用于锂离子电池的专门知识,明确了各类电解质体系的发展现状、存在问题和优化方法,集中展现了锂离子电池电解质研究的新理论、新应用和新动态。该书的编著力求概念明确、思路清晰、内容全面、深入浅出,对从事锂离子电池与功能电解质的研发人员具有较高的参考价值和指导意义,也可供化学、化工、材料和环保等领域的研究人员以及相关专业的高等院校师生参考与学习。     

锂离子电池凝胶聚合物电解质

对锂离子凝胶聚合物电解质的结构特征、导电机理、制备方法进行了总结和评述,对锂离子聚合物电解质及锂离子电池的发展进行了预测。     

Oxide Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries

As the most promising candidate of the solid electrolyte materials for future lithium batteries, oxide electrolytes with high–lithium‐ion conductivity have experienced a rapid development in the past few decades. Existing oxide electrolytes are divided into two groups, i.e., crystalline group including NASICON, perovskite, garnet, and some newly developing structures, and amorphous/glass group including Li₂O–MO_x (M = Si, B, P, etc.) and LiPON‐related materials. After a historical perspective on the general development of oxide electrolytes, we try to give a comprehensive review on the oxide electrolytes with high–lithium‐ion conductivity, with special emphasis on the aspect of materials selection and design for applications as solid electrolytes in lithium batteries. Some successful examples and meaningful attempts on the incorporation of oxide electrolytes in lithium batteries are also presented. In the conclusion part, an outlook for the future direction of oxide electrolytes development is given.     

锂离子二次电池最新进展及评述

锂离子电池已广泛应用于移动电话、笔记本电脑等便携式电器中,深受广大用户的钟爱,在未来的电动汽车也有着非常好的应用前景,必将对未来人们的生活产生深刻的影响。锂离子电池的电容量及循环性能不断得到提高,容量更大、质量更轻、体积更小、厚度更薄、价格更低的锂离子电池不断地被推向市场。新的电极材料及电解质材料不断开发出来,它们具有容量大、价格低、无环境污染、使用安全等优点。分别对锂离子电池的正极材料、负极材料、电解质材料的发展历史及最新发展状况进行综述及评论。     

Bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) based crosslinked network polymers as electrolytes for all‐solid‐state lithium ion batteries

Polymer electrolyte based lithium ion batteries represent a revolution in the battery community due to their intrinsic enhanced safety, and as a result polymer electrolytes have been proposed as a replacement for conventional liquid electrolytes. Herein, the preparation of a family of crosslinked network polymers as electrolytes via the ‘click‐chemistry’ technique involving thiol‐ene or thiol‐epoxy is reported. These network polymer electrolytes comprise bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) as the lithium ion solvating polymer, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3‐mercaptopropionate) as the crosslinker and lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide as the lithium salt. The crosslinked network polymer electrolytes obtained show low T_g, high ionic conductivity and a good lithium ion transference number (ca 0.56). In addition, the membrane demonstrated sterling mechanical robustness and high thermal stability. The advantages of the network polymer electrolytes in this study are their harmonious characteristics as solid electrolytes and the potential adaptability to improve performance by combining with inorganic fillers, ionic liquids or other materials. In addition, the simple formation of the network structures without high temperatures or light irradiation has enabled the practical large‐area fabrication and in situ fabrication on cathode electrodes. As a preliminary study, the prepared crosslinked network polymer materials were used as solid electrolytes in the elaboration of all‐solid‐state lithium metal battery prototypes with moderate charge–discharge profiles at different current densities leaving a good platform for further improvement. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

Li+电池固态聚合物电解质研究进展

固态聚合物电解质具有高安全性、高成膜性和黏弹性等优点，并与电极具有良好的接触性和相容性，是实现高安全性和高能量密度固态Li⁺电池的重要电解质体系。然而聚合物电解质室温离子电导率较低（10^-8~10^-6 S·cm^-1），不能满足固态聚合物电池在常温运行的需求。因此，在提高离子电导率、机械强度和电化学稳定性等本征属性的基础上，同时探究改善电解质/电极的界面处及电极内部的离子输运是研发固态聚合物Li⁺电池面临的关键问题。主要从改性聚合物电解质用以提高Li⁺电池电化学性能的角度出发，综述了凝胶聚合物电解质、全固态聚合物电解质和复合固态电解质中的离子输运机制及其关键参数，总结了近年来聚合物电解质的最新研究进展和未来的发展方向。     

Poly(ethylene oxide)‐based block copolymer electrolytes for lithium metal batteries

Nanostructured block copolymer electrolytes (BCEs) based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) are considered as promising candidates for solid‐state electrolytes in high energy density lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Because of their self‐assembly properties, they confer on electrolytes both high mechanical strength and sufficient ionic conductivity, which linear PEO cannot provide. Two types of PEO‐based BCEs are commonly known. There are the traditional ones, also called dual‐ion conducting BCEs, which are a mixture of block copolymer chains and lithium salts. In these systems, the cations and anions participate in the conduction, inducing a concentration polarization in the electrolyte, thus leading to poor performances of LMBs. The second family of BCEs are single‐lithium‐ion conducting BCEs (SIC‐BCEs), which consist of anions being covalently grafted to the polymer backbone, therefore involving conduction by lithium ions only. SIC‐BCEs have marked advantages over dual‐ion conducting BCEs due to a high lithium ion transference number, absence of anion concentration gradients as well as low rate of lithium dendrite growth. This review focuses on the recent developments in BCEs for applications in LMBs with particular emphasis on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of these materials. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

Decoupled ion conduction mechanism of poly(vinyl alcohol) based Mg-conducting solid polymer electrolyte

Investigation on solid state rechargeable magnesium batteries are considered important similar to lithium batteries. In view of negligible hazard and less reactivity of the magnesium, in comparison with lithium, studies on rechargeable magnesium batteries are expected to have a wide scope in future. In the present investigations, decoupled ion conduction of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based Mg-conducting solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is essential component of the studies. In common SPEs, ion transport has mostly been associated with the segmental motion of the polymer, so significant conductivity is only observed above the glass transition temperature of the system. But the results of ac impedance spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD and AFM indicated that prepared PVA-based Mg-conducting SPE shows ionic transport decoupled from polymer segmental motion and high ionic conductivity at room temperature.     

Explosivity of lithium perchlorate in gel polymer electrolytes

In this article, we report the synthesis and characterization of novel methacrylate‐based polymer electrolyte membranes for lithium batteries. The safety requirement is a top priority for rechargeable Li‐ion batteries, and especially these are used in hybrid electric vehicles and power tools. After several serious fire accidents, the safety must be submitted to the intensive investigation and this danger must be minimalized. This article describes the differences between lithium perchlorate and tetrafluoroborate as conductive component in methacrylate‐based gel electrolytes. The gel polymer electrolytes were prepared by UV irradiation process, which is well known for being easy, low cost, and fast. POLYM. COMPOS., 34:1969–1973, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Electrospun poly(lithium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid) fiber‐based polymer electrolytes for lithium‐ion batteries

Novel single‐ion conducting polymer electrolytes based on electrospun poly(lithium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPSLi) membranes were prepared for lithium‐ion batteries. The preparation started with the synthesis of polymeric lithium salt PAMPSLi by free‐radical polymerization of 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid, followed by ion‐exchange of H⁺ with Li⁺. Then, the electrospun PAMPSLi membranes were prepared by electrospinning technology, and the resultant PAMPSLi fiber‐based polymer electrolytes were fabricated by immersing the electrospun membranes into a plasticizer composed of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate. PAMPSLi exhibited high thermal stability and its decomposition did not occur until 304°C. The specific surface area of the electrospun PAMPSLi membranes was raised from 9.9 m²/g to 19.5 m²/g by varying the solvent composition of polymer solutions. The ionic conductivity of the resultant PAMPSLi fiber‐based polymer electrolytes at 20°C increased from 0.815 × 10^?5 S/cm to 2.12 × 10^?5 S/cm with the increase of the specific surface area. The polymer electrolytes exhibited good dimensional stability and electrochemical stability up to 4.4 V vs. Li⁺/Li. These results show that the PAMPSLi fiber‐based polymer electrolytes are promising materials for lithium‐ion batteries. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012