Fe3O4/SnS2复合材料在染料降解中的应用研究

建立了基于光芬顿技术的染料去除方法,该方法采用Fe₃O₄/SnS₂作为光芬顿催化剂构建反应体系,研究了Fe₃O₄/SnS₂复合材料中的最佳Fe/Sn比,并对所构建反应的机理进行探究。结果表明,在Fe/Sn比为1.0时,制备得到的Fe₃O₄/SnS₂复合材料对亚甲基蓝(MB)的去除效率最高。基于Fe₃O₄/SnS₂复合材料所构建的复合材料对于亚甲基橙和罗丹明B也均具有出色的降解能力。同时即使经过5次循环使用,Fe₃O₄/SnS₂复合材料对MB的降解依然可以维持在80%以上。所建立的方法有助于实现水环境中染料的高效去除,具有实际应用的潜力。     

微乳液法制备Fe3O4/TiO2磁性纳米粒子

采用多元醇还原法制备出平均粒径为6.0 nm的Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子,以此磁性纳米粒子为核,在OP-10/正丁醇/环己烷/浓氨水反向微乳体系中制备出Fe3O4/TiO2磁性纳米复合粒子,通过XRD,TEM,VSM对复合粒子进行性能表征。结果表明,采用微乳液法能够制备出Fe3O4/TiO2磁性纳米复合粒子,并且包覆后比饱和磁化强度有所下降,但矫顽力仍趋近于0,显示超顺磁性。     

磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子的双层改性

采用化学共沉淀法合成Fe3O4纳米粒子,并以油酸和SDBS为改性剂,水和乙醇为载液,制备出分散性好的磁性Fe3O4流体;阐述了双层表面活性剂改性的机理;通过X射线衍射和投射电镜研究表明,Fe3O4纳米微粒的平均粒径约为10 nm。     

g-C3N4/Fe3O4/MnO2光催化剂制备及光催化性能研究

以尿素和铁盐为原料,负载了MnO₂,利用原位沉淀法与煅烧法制备g-C₃N₄/Fe₃O₄/MnO₂复合材料。使用XRD、FT-IR、UV-Vis DRS对合成的部分光催化剂进行表征。结果表明：g-C₃N₄为类石墨的层状结构,Fe₃O₄和Mn O₂通过分子间作用力与g-C₃N₄复合。在不同反应条件下的可见光诱导的光催化实验表明,当m(Mn)∶m(g-C₃N₄/Fe₃O₄)=1∶1时,g-C₃N₄/Fe₃O₄/MnO₂复合材料具有出色的降解污染物的能力,其中光降解反应的优化条件为g-C₃N     

磁性纳米粒子Fe3O4的制备方法

随着纳米科技不断的发展,磁性材料也逐渐的进入了纳米材料的新纪元。由于纳米粒子具有小尺寸效应、表面效应、量子尺寸效应以及宏观量子隧道效应,导致了磁性纳米材料的磁学性能有了很大的变化,扩展了其应用前景。文章介绍了Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子的四种制备方法:共沉淀合成法,水热合成法,微乳合成法和微乳-凝胶合成法。     

微波水热法制备纳米Fe3O4粉体

通过微波水热法制备了纳米Fe3O4颗粒,并对其进行了Ostwald熟化处理。研究了油酸和氢氧化钠含量对纳米Fe3O4粒径大小以及分散性的影响。利用XRD、TEM等方式对所制备颗粒的结构、形貌进行了表征,结果表明,所制备的纳米Fe3O4粒子属于反尖晶石结构,通过微波加热未经熟化的纳米Fe3O4粒子结晶度较低,平均粒径为6nm。经过在180℃下熟化8h后,转化为结晶度较高,分散性较好,平均粒径为7nm的纳米Fe3O4颗粒。     

PANI/Fe3O4复合材料的制备及其应用

介绍了以Fe₃O₄纳米粒子为核,用导电高分子材料聚苯胺(PANI)包裹成的PANI/Fe₃O₄核壳结构多功能全新复合材料,其不仅具有比表面积大、粒径小等优点,更具有吸附活性高、吸附容量大等性能,在污水处理、超级电容器等领域得到了广泛应用。对该复合材料的应用和发展进行了展望。     

Fe2O3/Ni2O3/Al2O3催化剂制备及其催化氧化靛蓝废水研究

以三氧化二铝为载体,采用浸渍沉淀法制备系列Fe2O3/Ni2O3/Al2O3催化剂。采用TG-DTA,XRD及ESEM等技术对催化剂进行表征,确定催化剂的最佳焙烧温度为460℃。以次氯酸钠为氧化剂,同时考察m(三氧化二镍)/m(三氧化二铝)、m(三氧化二铁)/m(三氧化二镍)、m(次氯酸钠)∶m(靛蓝废水)、pH对印染靛蓝废水处理的影响。结果表明:m(三氧化二镍)/m(三氧化二铝)=0.3,m(三氧化二铁)/m(三氧化二镍)=0.04,m(次氯酸钠)∶m(靛蓝废水)=1∶11,pH=7,反应温度为20℃,常压反应时间为2 h时,COD的去除率为95.3%。     

桉树遗态Fe2O3/Fe3O4/C复合材料吸附Sb（Ⅲ）的动力学和热力学研究

以制备获得的桉树遗态Fe2O3/Fe3O4/C复合材料为吸附剂,研究了Sb(Ⅲ )不同初始质量浓度和不同温度下,其对模拟废水中Sb(Ⅲ)的静态吸附特征。结果表明,初始质量浓度为5、10和50 mg/L Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附动力学曲线有相同的变化趋势,但吸附平衡时间随初始浓度的增大而提高;4种动力学模型的拟合和回归分析显示,遗态材料对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附动力学特征很好地遵循准2级动力学模型(R2>0.99);在25、35、45℃试验条件下,遗态材料对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附量均随着溶液平衡浓度的增加而增加,但随温度升高呈下降趋势,遗态材料对Sb(Ⅲ)的等温吸附更适合用Freundlich等温模型拟合(R2>0.97)。     

磁性Fe3O4/BN复合材料制备及其细胞毒性研究

通过液相法在含有氮化硼纳米片的三乙二醇溶液中原位还原乙酰丙酮铁,成功制备了磁性的Fe₃O₄/BN复合纳米材料,并初步考察了它的细胞毒性。结果表明,Fe₃O₄/BN复合纳米材料具有一定的抗肿瘤效果。     

Fe3O4磁粉的合成与结构表征

采用化学共沉淀法制备纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子。选用NH3.H2O作为沉淀剂,加入到Fe2+和Fe3+的混合盐溶液中,制得了纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子。考察了影响产物粒径的一些实验因素。通过X-Ray谱图证实了产物结构特征,平均粒径在37 nm左右,平均晶粒度只有28 nm左右的均分散。     

可见光增强g-C_3N_4/Co_3O_4胶体催化剂的催化产氢性能

通过水热法制备了具有可见光增产氢高性能的g-C_3N_4/Co_3O_4胶体催化剂,采用XRD、TEM、SEM和EDS等分析样品的组成和形貌结构。催化产氢结果表明,光照条件下g-C_3N_4/Co_3O_4胶体催化剂具有极高的催化产氢活性,TOF值高达58.2 min~(-1),通过拟合温度动力学曲线,得到了催化反应的活化能为15.73 kJ·mol~(-1)。对样品进行UV-vis和PL测试发现,g-C_3N_4/Co_3O_4胶体催化剂具有极高的光能利用率和电子-空穴分离率,并进一步阐述了光能促进催化产氢的作用机理。     

油相稳定分散Fe3O4纳米粒子的制备研究

分别采用热分解法及共沉淀油酸同步修饰法制备了2种可以在油相稳定分散的Fe3O4纳米粒子,并对热分解法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子的反应条件进行了优化,考察了热分解温度、熟化时间对颗粒粒径、形貌及磁性能的影响。通过TEM、VSM和FTIR等表征手段对2种方法制备的Fe3O4纳米粒子的油相分散稳定性、颗粒形貌及粒径、比饱和磁化强度及表面性质进行了比较。结果表明:热分解法制备的Fe3O4纳米粒子表现出更好的油相分散稳定性,共沉淀油酸同步修饰法制备的Fe3O4纳米粒子则表现出更好的磁响应性。     

ZrO2/SiO2- and La2O3/Al2O3-supported platinum catalysts for CH4/CO2 reforming

Surface-phase ZrO₂ on SiO₂ (SZrOs) and surface-phase La₂O₃ on Al₂O₃ (SLaOs) were prepared with various loadings of ZrO₂ and La₂O₃, characterized and used as supports for preparing Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts. CH₄/CO₂ reforming over the Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts was examined and compared with Pt/Al₂O₃ and Pt/SiO₂ catalysts. CO₂ or CH₄ pulse reaction/adsorption analysis was employed to elucidate the effects of these surface-phase oxides.

The zirconia can be homogeneously dispersed on SiO₂ to form a stable surface-phase oxide. The lanthana cannot be spread well on Al₂O₃, but it forms a stable amorphous oxide with Al₂O₃. The Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts showed higher steady activity than did Pt/SiO₂ and Pt/Al₂O₃ by a factor of three to four. The Pt/SZrOs and Pt/SLaOs catalysts were also much more stable than the Pt/SiO₂ and Pt/Al₂O₃ catalysts for long stream time and for reforming temperatures above 700 °C. These findings were attributed to the activation of CO₂ adsorbed on the basic sites of SZrOs and SLaOs.     

NO reduction by CH4 in the presence of O2 over La2O3 supported on Al2O3

Dispersing La₂O₃ on δ- or γ-Al₂O₃ significantly enhances the rate of NO reduction by CH₄ in 1% O₂, compared to unsupported La₂O₃. Typically, no bend-over in activity occurs between 500° and 700°C, and the rate at 700°C is 60% higher than that with a Co/ZSM-5 catalyst. The final activity was dependent upon the La₂O₃ precursor used, the pretreatment, and the La₂O₃ loading. The most active family of catalysts consisted of La₂O₃ on γ-Al₂O₃ prepared with lanthanum acetate and calcined at 750°C for 10 h. A maximum in rate (mol/s/g) and specific activity (mol/s/m²) occurred between the addition of one and two theoretical monolayers of La₂O₃ on the γ-Al₂O₃ surface. The best catalyst, 40% La₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃, had a turnover frequency at 700°C of 0.05 s⁻¹, based on NO chemisorption at 25°C, which was 15 times higher than that for Co/ZSM-5. These La₂O₃/Al₂O₃ catalysts exhibited stable activity under high conversion conditions as well as high CH₄ selectivity (CH₄ + NO vs. CH₄ + O₂). The addition of Sr to a 20% La₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃ sample increased activity, and a maximum rate enhancement of 45% was obtained at a SrO loading of 5%. In contrast, addition of SO⁼₄ to the latter Sr-promoted La₂O₃/Al₂O₃ catalyst decreased activity although sulfate increased the activity of Sr-promoted La₂O₃. Dispersing La₂O₃ on SiO₂ produced catalysts with extremely low specific activities, and rates were even lower than with pure La₂O₃. This is presumably due to water sensitivity and silicate formation. The La₂O₃/Al₂O₃ catalysts are anticipated to show sufficient hydrothermal stability to allow their use in certain high-temperature applications.     

Co3O4/4A分子筛活化PMS处理高盐AO7废水研究

采用浸渍-焙烧法制备Co₃O₄/4A分子筛复合催化剂,用于活化过一硫酸盐（PMS）处理高盐酸性橙7（AO7）废水。采用扫描电镜、X-射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪等对复合催化剂进行表征,同时考察其稳定性。考察复合催化剂活化PMS对AO7模拟废水的处理效果,结果表明,当Co₃O₄/4A分子筛投加量为0.2 g/L、PMS投加量为0.7 mmol/L、pH为9时,高盐（Na₂SO₄,10 g/L）废水中AO7浓度可在20 min内由15 mg/L左右降至接近0,去除率达99%以上,同时催化剂钴离子溶出量约为0.36 mg/L,低于《地表水环境质量标准》（GB3838-2002）中规定的1 000μg/L。     

Fe/Al_2O_3催化剂催化氧化兰炭废水

采用浸渍法制备Fe/Al_2O_3催化剂,采用BET、XRD和穆斯堡尔谱等进行结构和性能表征。以自制Fe/Al_2O_3为催化剂,应用催化湿式过氧化氢氧化技术处理COD为6 742 mg·L-1的兰炭废水,通过建立正交实验确定最佳实验条件,结果表明,在p H=4、过氧化氢添加量9.6 m L、反应时间150 min和反应温度80℃条件下,兰炭废水COD去除率达66.30%。对催化氧化后的废水进行GC-MS分析,确定最终氧化产物主要为乙酸。表明自制Fe/Al_2O_3催化剂具有优良的催化效果,并使大分子难降解有机污染物分解为易生化的小分子污染物,甚至被完全分解矿化。     

柠檬酸钠改性的Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子的快速制备

以FeSO_4·7H_2O为单一铁源,浓氨水为沉淀剂,柠檬酸钠为表面改性剂利用简单回流法快速合成Fe_3O_4磁性纳米粒子。考察反应时间,反应温度及浓氨水加入方式对合成Fe_3O_4磁性纳米粒子的影响,并利用动态光散射仪、傅立叶红外射线光谱仪及透射扫描电镜等对合成的Fe_3O_4磁性纳米粒子进行表征。结果表明,以柠檬酸钠为表面改性剂,逐滴加入浓氨水,反应温度为(70～80)℃和反应时间为6 min时,获得的Fe_3O_4磁性纳米粒子在水中具有良好的分散性及磁响应性。Zeta电位和红外光谱同时表明,柠檬酸钠成功地吸附于Fe_3O_4磁性纳米粒子的表面(Fe_3O_4@SC),且Zeta电位值为-31.3 mV;透射扫描电镜显示获得的Fe_3O_4@SC磁性纳米粒子呈球状结构,粒径约为10 nm。     

Ethylene dimerization over NiSO4 supported on Fe2O3-promoted ZrO2 catalyst

The NiSO₄ supported on Fe₂O₃-promoted ZrO₂ catalysts were prepared by the impregnation method. Fe₂O₃-promoted ZrO₂ was prepared by the coprecipitation method using a mixed aqueous solution of zirconium oxychloride and iron nitrate solution followed by adding an aqueous ammonia solution. No diffraction line of nickel sulfate was observed up to 20 wt.%, indicating good dispersion of nickel sulfate on the surface of Fe₂O₃–ZrO₂. The addition of nickel sulfate (or Fe₂O₃) to ZrO₂ shifted the phase transition of ZrO₂ (from amorphous to tetragonal) to higher temperatures because of the interaction between nickel sulfate (or Fe₂O₃) and ZrO₂. 15-NiSO₄/5-Fe₂O₃–ZrO₂ containing 15 wt.% NiSO₄ and 5 mol% Fe₂O₃, and calcined at 500 °C exhibited a maximum catalytic activity for ethylene dimerization. NiSO₄/Fe₂O₃–ZrO₂ catalysts was very effective for ethylene dimerization even at room temperature, but Fe₂O₃–ZrO₂ without NiSO₄ did not exhibit any catalytic activity at all. The catalytic activities were correlated with the acidity of catalysts measured by the ammonia chemisorption method. The addition of Fe₂O₃ up to 5 mol% enhanced the acidity, surface area, thermal property, and catalytic activities of catalysts gradually, due to the interaction between Fe₂O₃ and ZrO₂ and due to consequent formation of Fe–O–Zr bond.