反渗透运行和清洗的探讨

随着绿源醇业公司在化学水处理中引入反渗透工艺,反渗透装置安全长周期运行的研究和讨论具有了非常重大的意义。本文从原水、预处理、正常运行等多方面分析了保证反渗透装置安全长周期运行的多种影响因素,并从实际操作的角度提出了化学清洗的方法。     

反渗透膜严重结垢的原因分析和对策

选择合适的阻垢剂添加量和停用保护方案对反渗透安全稳定运行至关重要。通过工程实例对反渗透膜严重结垢现象进行了分析,并采取了化学清洗、提高阻垢剂用量等措施,使得反渗透装置恢复正常运行。对反渗透装置停运期间的保护措施提出了建议。     

神华包头煤制烯烃项目回用水装置反渗透系统运行风险和预防措施分析

本文通过对神华包头煤制烯烃项目回用水装置的反渗透系统进行全面研究,分析了反渗透系统在日常运行中可能遭遇的各种风险及其发生原因,并有针对性地提出了预防措施,为回用水装置反渗透系统的正常平稳运行提供了参考。     

电厂反渗透系统运行

近几年来,随着反渗透系统在电力、化工、生物工程等工业领域的广泛应用,使反渗透系统长期稳定地运行。关键在于反渗透装置的运行管理。本文结合温州燃机发电有限公司反渗透系统的运行经验,对反渗透系统的运行、清洗等几个方面进行一些有益的探讨。     

反渗透系统运行存在的问题及解决方案

某化工装置的反渗透系统以地表水为源水,由于地表水经常发生生物污染现象,造成反渗透系统发生严重的堵塞问题.针对由地表水水质引起的反渗透系统运行问题,该文介绍了通过改进预处理系统、消除设备缺陷、加强在线清洗,配合以合适的阻垢化学药剂处理改进等措施,最终使反渗透系统恢复正常运行.     

反渗透装置运行中出现的问题及处理措施

介绍受水质变化反渗透装置出现的种种问题,从进水水温、微生物生长、化学清洗、保安过滤器等方面进行分析与探讨,有针对性地改进,最终确保了反渗透系统稳定高效运行。     

反渗透膜污堵原因分析及解决措施

某电厂反渗透系统运行中出现压力偏高、出力偏低以及清洗频繁等问题,对反渗透膜片的ICP、SEMEDX以及GC-MS等分析结果表明,有机污堵是造成反渗透系统故障的主要原因。采用NaOH、EDTA和SDS对膜片进行静态清洗试验,结果表明,EDTA碱洗对反渗透有机污堵清洗效果最好。采用EDTA碱洗和酸洗相结合的清洗方案对工程设备进行清洗后,反渗透运行压力和产水量基本恢复至初始状态。此外,结合电厂的实际运行情况,对水处理系统提出了运行优化方案。     

某电厂反渗透膜系统的化学清洗

分析了某电厂反渗透系统装置运行参数的变化、反渗透膜污染物的主要组成,确定了清洗方案。通过清洗液浊度、清洗液pH、一二段压差变化等指标,确定清洗终点。该装置化学清洗后进水压力大幅降低,产水脱盐率达到设计要求,产品水的回收率基本达到设计值,取得满意的清洗效果。     

新脱盐水反渗透装置运行维护总结

1装置运行情况四川美丰化工股份有限公司化肥分公司新脱盐水反渗透装置为"20·30"配套工程,设计总产水能力200m3/h。该装置共有3套反渗透水处理系统,每套有13组压力容器,其中第1段有8组压力容器,第2段有5组压力容器;每组压力容器有6支反渗透膜,每套反渗透水处理系统有     

高有机物水源的反渗透污染膜清洗

根据嘉兴发电厂反渗透系统的流程、运行情况和多次反渗透膜的清洗经验，对于含有机物高的地表水为水源的反渗透膜运行特点、污染结垢情况以及使用常规药品进行化学清洗方法进行了总结，并提出了一些建议，供具有同类水源及反渗透系统的使用单位参考。     

Eight-year operational experience with a 13,400 M3/d reverse osmosis desalination plant at Kashima works of Sumitomo metals

Recently, the reverse osmosis has been applied widely to industrial water purification and accepted commercially. A large number of RO systems are now in operation all over the world. Sumitomo Metals adopted the first 3,000 m³/d (800,000 gpd) reverse osmosis system as pretreatment for ion exchange equipment in 1971, which was expanded to a combined capacity of 13,400 m³/d (3.54 mgpd). Since its start up of operation, various operational problems have been experienced at Kashima and cured to establish a stablized modes of operation.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the operation, maintenance, steps taken for trouble-shooting, and performance data of the world's largest reverse osmosis desalination plant operating now in Kashima Steel Works of Sumitomo Metals, Japan.     

反渗透技术在纯水制备中的应用

主要介绍了反渗透制备纯水的生产工艺技术,以及生产操作中影响反渗透膜性能的主要因素。     

反渗透技术在高纯水生产中的应用

简述了反渗透原理;详细介绍了反渗透法和离子交换法相结合生产高纯水工艺装置运行情况,给出了运行中出现问题的解决办法;总结得出反渗透装置能否长期稳定运行,很大程度上取决于预处理装置的设计和操作参数的控制。     

100t/h反渗透膜化学清洗总结

针对脱盐水装置反渗透膜运行一段时间后出现的因细菌繁殖、结垢造成浓水侧堵塞,产水量下降,进水压力升高等问题,对反渗透膜进行了化学清洗。     

LB-2000反渗透阻垢剂的阻垢及应用试验

反渗透作为一种清洁、高效的水处理技术,在各个行业应用日益广泛,但由于阻垢剂选择不合理易导致系统出现各种问题,选用适当的阻垢剂是反渗透系统优质运行的关键。文章介绍一种新型的反渗透阻垢剂LB-2000,它具有环保、阻垢性能好等优点。通过对LB-2000药剂的阻垢性能及其应用的对比试验．阐述了该药剂的良好性能并指出其在反渗透系统具有广泛的推广应用前景。     

Jeddah seawater reverse osmosis installation

The world's largest reverse osmosis system for seawater desalination was placed on-line in January 1979 to supply 12,000 cubic meters of desalted Red Sea water per day to the drinking water supplies of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This system is based on the newly developed spiral-wound TFC membrane elements. These elements exhibit the high water permeability, low salt permeability, thermal stability, resistance to micro-organisms, and chemical stability required for economic desalination of seawater.

The system consists of power generation, a seawater intake, dual media filtration, nine first-stage reverse osmosis units, three second-stage reverse osmosis units and product stabilization. Since each unit can be brought on or off line in a matter of minutes, the system is extremely flexible. Simplicity of installation and operation is a major advantage of reverse osmosis.

Cost data accrued to date has verified that reverse osmosis is more economical than multistage flash distillaion, both in terms of capital and operating costs. The short lead time from bid to operation, as compared to MSF is demonstrated by the fact that the plant was designed, constructed, and accepted within eighteen months of acceptance of bid.     

反渗透膜污染成因与防治

反渗透膜的污染受膜自身性质、水质和操作条件的影响。综述了膜材料、膜结构和膜组件、操作温度、压力、pH值、剪切速率和水质对反渗透膜污染的研究现状,同时指出研制低／抗污染膜和膜组件,优化操作条件．增设水质预处理和有效的膜清洗是皈渗透膜技术的发展方向。     

Design parameters and operation of small, and medium size municipal reverse osmosis North America

The design, construction and operation of 1,000 to 250,000 gallon per day reverse osmosis systems requires a different approach than larger multi-million gallon per day systems. Smaller modular units are based on actual proven installations. The units are pre-engineexed, and factory tested in their entirety. The unit concept of reverse osmosis design allows for more reliable systems, easily and quickly installed, with a minimum of operation and maintenance attention. Small and medium size reverse osmosis systems have been running for many years. A seawater single pass reverse osmosis system has been producing potable water for over 18 months with little operator attention and maintenance.Construction and operation of small and medium size municipal reverse osmosis systems present some unique areas of consideration which differentiates these units from much larger installations. By small and medium we mean from 1000 gallons to 250,000 gallons per day capacities. The ultimate objectives of any water treating system is to obtain the quality and quantity of water desired with a minimum of operating effort and maintenance. In general, where dissolved solids are to be removed from a feedwater source, reverse osmosis is presently recognized as the most efficient method available.Large reverse osmosis systems are usually engineered on an individual basis to meet the users needs and, include on-site analysis of the raw feedwater and climate conditions. In addition, engineering consultants as well as the ultimate customers preferences need to be considered. Large quantities of time are consumed in the initial engineering, preparation of drawings and design changes. Equipment housing facilities need to be designed around the type of system selected and engineered separately. Large amounts of time are used in the construction of the system components. Membrane racks are erected individually with membranes shipped separately. Large amounts of piping needs to be cut and installed on-site. High pressure pumps, membrane cleaning systems, electrical controls and pretreatment equipment are separately built, shipped individually, and assembled on location.     

反渗透膜污染成因与防治

反渗透膜的污染受膜自身性质、水质和操作条件的影响.综述了膜材料、膜结构和膜组件、操作温度、压力、pH值、剪切速率和水质对反渗透膜污染的研究现状,同时指出研制低/抗污染膜和膜组件,优化操作条件.增设水质预处理和有效的膜清洗是反渗透膜技术的发展方向.     

电去离子技术在电厂锅炉补水处理中的应用

针对火电厂锅炉补给水水质要求,介绍了几种锅炉补给水生产工艺,对电去离子技术的过程特点、技术要求、运行性能与投资及在火电厂水处理中的应用进行了阐述。电去离子技术一般采用反渗透作为预脱盐软化处理。与混床技术相比,电去离子技术无酸碱废液产生,其出水水质平稳,装置占地面积较小。反渗透与电去离子联合相对于两级反渗透,相近的投资可获得更优的水质。反渗透与电去离子联合工艺要优于反渗透与混床联合工艺和二级反渗透工艺。