密炼机中炭黑与橡胶混炼的数值模拟

利用聚合物加工分析软件POLYFLOW模拟密炼机中炭黑与橡胶的混合过程,采用团聚体累积粒径分布函数表征炭黑团聚体在橡胶中的分散状态,以直观反映炭黑团聚体在橡胶流场中粒径的变化情况;利用分离尺度表征混合物的分布混合性能。模拟结果表明：要得到良好的炭黑与橡胶混炼效果,提高密炼机的使用效率,必须有合理的转子转速与混炼时间。     

密炼机中碳黑/橡胶混炼的数值模拟

本文利用聚合物加工分析软件POLYFLOW模拟了密炼机中碳黑在橡胶中的混合过程,采用团聚体累积粒径尺度分布函数表征碳黑团聚体在橡胶中的分散状态,以直观反映出碳黑团聚体在橡胶流场中粒径的变化情况;并用分离尺度表征混合物的分布混合性能。模拟结果表明：要得到良好的碳黑/橡胶混炼效果,提高密炼机的使用效率,必须有合理的转子转速与混炼时间,数值模拟可以为实际加工提供理论指导。     

固体粉末与聚合物在不同混炼元件中的混合性能

运用聚合物加工专用有限元软件Polyflow,对非啮合同向双螺杆挤出机混炼元件、非啮合异向双螺杆挤出机混炼元件以及双转子混炼机混炼元件,针对固体粉末在聚合物中的混合进行了数值模拟.在停留时间分布、累积最大剪切应力分布及分离尺度等常见评价参数的基础上,用固体粉末团聚体粒径尺度分布函数,来直观表征各混炼元件对固体粉末分散性能的影响.结果表明:双转子混炼元件对聚合物中固体粉末团聚体的分散、分布混合效果最好.     

固体粉末在聚合物基体中分散混合的数值模拟研究

根据聚合物混合理论以及固体粉末团聚体在聚合物基体中的破碎理论,提出利用累积尺度分布函数直接表征固体粉末团聚体在聚合物中分散效果的表征方法,并建立了相应的数值模型。利用这种方法得到的模拟结果与理论分析一致,说明在数值模拟中利用累积尺度分布函数表征固体粉末团聚体在聚合物中的分散混合效果是正确可行的。     

楔形角对连续混炼机新型转子混合性能的影响

建立了双转子连续混炼机新型三棱转子的模型,运用聚合物加工专用分析软件Polyflow,分别对具有不同楔形角的新型三棱转子的动态流场进行了三维非牛顿等温模拟,用统计学方法得到了各转子流场的停留时间分布、最大剪切应力分布以及分离尺度曲线。结果表明,楔形角较小的转子的分散混合性能较好,但分布混合性能较差,楔形角较大的转子的分布混合性能较好,但分散混合性能较差;当楔形角在15 °附近时,新型三棱转子的分散、分布混合性能最好。     

螺杆转速对热熔挤出吲哚美辛混合性能的影响

热熔挤出技术已成为一种制备药物固体分散体的新方法，螺杆转速作为挤出过程中的工艺参数对药物的混合具有重要影响。以吲哚美辛(INM)和聚乙二醇(PEG10000)为原料，设计了挤出机混合段螺杆构型，采用Polyflow进行数值模拟，基于加权平均剪切应力、累积最大剪切应力分布、累计停留时间分布和平均回流系数，分析螺杆转速对INM混合性能的影响。同时，以INM为原料药，采用热熔挤出技术制备了不同螺杆转速下的挤出样品，使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和溶出实验对样品进行表征。结果表明，在一定范围内，随着螺杆转速的增大，药物的分散混合和分布混合性能增强，但是，螺杆转速较大会导致药物分布混合性能降低，不利于药物的混合。     

固体推进剂同向双螺杆元件混合性能模拟

首先设计了4种固体推进剂用螺杆元件,并进行了固体推进剂药浆的流变性能测试,通过使用Polyflow软件对4种螺杆元件的流场进行数值模拟。对各螺杆元件流场的剪切速率、加权平均剪切应力、平均回流系数、累积停留时间分布等表征螺杆元件混合性能以及流场特性的指标进行分析,对比4种螺杆元件的分散和分布混合性能,并建立了螺杆元件混合性能的评价体系。结果表明,KB元件和S型元件对药浆有较好的综合混合性能,有利于固体推进剂的混合。     

双转子混炼机制备碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的分散性能

研究使用双转子混炼机批量制备碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的分散性能及相应的工艺条件。结果表明:当转子转速达到一定值后,双转子混炼机可以实现碳纳米管团聚体在环氧树脂中分散,在一定范围内转速提高可改善分散效果;在确定转速下,增加混炼时间可以提高碳纳米管的分散效果。此外,实验结果表明了用流动特性表征碳纳米管分散性的可行性。     

振动强化锥面磨盘拉伸流动及混合性能模拟

基于拉伸流动原理设计的锥面磨盘可改变流道内熔体流动类型,增大拉伸流场作用。而叠加适当振动参数的振动力场可以进一步增强锥面磨盘流场的拉伸作用、提高拉伸速率,减小分离尺度并使其变化趋稳、增大混合指数并提高混合效率,从而使混合物料粒径减小、粒度均匀,获得良好的混合分散效果,为混合加工设备设计及聚合物混合性能的提高提供了新的参考依据。     

啮合同向双螺杆挤出机中组合螺杆性能的数值研究（Ⅱ）混合特性分析

采用有限元软件POLYFLOW,对组合式啮合同向双螺杆挤出机ZSK60中不同构型的组合螺杆进行了混合分析。通过计算螺杆转过不同角度时的拟稳态流场,采用粒子示踪分析(PTA)方法,对组合螺杆中聚合物熔体的动态混合过程进行了可视化模拟;在此基础上通过对大量粒子运动轨迹的统计处理,分别采用停留时间分布、分布混合指数、分离尺度等累积混合指数表征了组合螺杆的轴向混合性能、分布混合性能以及分散混合性能。此外还研究了不同工艺条件下组合螺杆的混合特性。并将部分数值模拟结果与前人实验研究进行了对比。     

Thermoplastic elastomer blend based on EMA and NBR; optimization of process parameters

EMA–NBR has been explored to be a potential thermoplastic elastomer blend having good thermal stability as well as oil resistance property. The present investigation reports the optimization of process parameters for the novel polymer blends based on poly(ethylene-co-methyl acrylate) (EMA) and poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) rubber (NBR) with criteria based on the statistical design of experiment (Taguchi L9 orthogonal array). In this case, the polymer blends were prepared by changing the polymer blending conditions such as mixing temperature, mixing time and rotor speed as per Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array. Optimization of the process parameters was carried out based on the physicomechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, and tensile impact strength of the resulting EMA/NBR blend. Each processing parameter has been optimized from the experimental data, which are converted into signal-to-noise ratio. The standard statistical technique of analysis of variance result was used to evaluate the proportional role of the different control variables. It has been found that the mixing temperature play very significant role trailed by rotor speed and mixing time in controlling droplet matrix morphology of the EMA/NBR blends. Predominantly, these factors affect the size of the NBR domain and its distribution in the EMA matrix, which in turn have a notable contribution to the physicomechanical properties of the blends. By the optimization of processing conditions, the NBR matrix domain size greatly decreases, leading to significant improvement in physicomechanical properties of the EMA/NBR blends. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48900.     

热熔挤出中吲哚美辛熔化和混合机理的研究

选用难溶性药物吲哚美辛（INM）为模型药物,泊洛沙姆188（F-68）为载体,从数值模拟和实验研究2方面研究采用双转子混合器制备F-68/INM固体分散体过程中,转子速比对INM熔化相变和混合过程的影响规律。结果表明,提高转子速比,INM在载体F-68中的分布、分散混合和熔化扩散作用均得到增强,INM的溶出进程加快。     

转子结构和工艺参数对双转子连续混炼机混合性能的影响

利用POLYFLOW软件,对聚合物熔体在双转子连续混炼机混炼段的拟稳态流场进行数值模拟,采用粒子示踪分析方法对物料所经历的流场特性进行统计学分析。得到了平均剪切应力、停留时间分布、累积最大拉伸速率等参数,通过其分析了转子结构和工艺参数对双转子连续混炼机混合性能的影响。结果表明,转子转速的提高使得物料所经受的剪切和拉伸作用增强;喂料速率的提高,使比剪切速率减小,物料在混炼段的停留时间变短;螺棱交汇区长度减小,流场中的剪切作用增强,螺棱交汇区长度和螺棱包角对停留时间分布的影响不大。最后对数值模拟的结果进行试验验证,结果基本一致。     

Polymer powders mixing part I: Mixing characterization in rotating cylinders

In the production of rotomolded parts, the distribution of particle sizes in the form of polymer powder is highly important to produce parts of good quality. In the case of polymer blends, the particle size distribution becomes even more important to assure that good mixing occurs before the polymer melts. In this work, the mixing of free flowing polymer powders in a horizontal rotating cylinder has been studied. Special attention is given to the initial moments of mixing and the transition from a standstill to a fully developed rolling regime. The parameters studied include Froude number (rotational speed), cylinder loading, relative powder composition and particle sizes. For the first time, mixing dynamics are quantified using two image analyzes: grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and Threshold methods. Using the experimental data, a model is proposed to follow the mixing dynamics and to determine the equilibrium time. The results also indicate that the Froude number is not enough to characterize the flow regime and the filling ratio must be accounted for.     

SiC加入量和粒度对耐火浇注料性能的影响

以特级矾土骨料、氧化铝微粉、二氧化硅微粉、刚玉细粉、SiC和纯铝酸钙水泥为主要原料,研究了SiC加入量和粒度对耐火浇注料性能的影响。研究发现,在浇注料基质内加入6％的150目SiC,可以改善耐火浇注料的抗热震稳定性。     

Analysis of agglomerate dispersion mechanisms of multiwalled carbon nanotubes during melt mixing in polycarbonate

Dispersion of primary nanotube agglomerates in polymer melts is one of the difficult tasks when applying melt mixing for nanocomposite preparation. Hence, there is a need for a better understanding of the ongoing processes. Filler agglomerates generally undergo dispersion by rupture and erosion mechanisms, which usually occur simultaneously. To analyse these mechanisms and their corresponding dispersion kinetics 1 wt% multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were incorporated into polycarbonate using a microcompounder. Different mixing speeds at constant melt temperature were applied thereby changing the applied stress. The states of MWNT agglomerate dispersion at different mixing times were assessed by quantifying the agglomerate area ratio and particle size distribution using image analysis of optical transmission micrographs. A model is proposed to estimate the fractions of rupture and erosion mechanisms during agglomerate dispersion. At low mixing speeds, the dispersion was found to be governed by both mechanisms, whereas rupture dominance increases with increasing mixing speed. Further, the relationship between electrical resistivity and dispersion was studied indicating a critical behaviour. A dependency on the amount of dispersed nanotubes was found only in a certain range of state of dispersion.     

连续化双螺杆混合机混合均匀性调控研究

针对高分子复合材料粉体混合均匀性和工艺可重现性难以调控的行业共性技术瓶颈,模拟研究了粉体混合均匀性和工艺可重现性相对标准偏差(RSD)与入口粉体配方比的组分含量、粉体内聚特性和螺杆转速的协同演化规律.结果表明,RSD与组分含量、螺杆转速呈现负关联关系,而与粉体内聚能量密度呈现正关联关系,可以通过提高螺杆转速强化超细超低...     

超细粉在声场导向管喷流床中的聚团尺寸预测模型

超细粉的流化性能与聚团尺寸密切相关。通过分析超细粉聚团在声场导向管喷流床中的形成过程,提出了高速射流的剪切作用和聚团间的碰撞作用是决定聚团尺寸的主要原因。在此基础上,结合聚团在射流剪切过程和聚团间碰撞过程中的力平衡分析,建立了声场导向管喷流床中聚团尺寸分布的预测模型;并运用这一模型成功预测了不同射流气速下,超细TiO₂颗粒在声场导向管喷流床中的聚团平均直径和聚团尺寸分布。