熔融插层法制备HDPE/MMT共混物

利用未改性及改性的蒙脱土（MMT）分别与高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）熔融共混,通过测试共混物的力学性能、耐热性能、流动性能以及分析HDPE性能随MMT的种类和加入量变化的趋势,认为HDPE／MMT是综合性能较佳的复合材料。实验测得,添加MMT后,HDPE的拉伸强度可以提高4％以上,弯曲强度可以提高13％以上,同时冲击强度下降不大,洛氏硬度可提高40％以上,此外,流动性能、阻燃性能和耐热性能均有改善。     

几种木塑复合材料的性能对比

研究了木粉及界面增容剂含量对木塑复合材料(WPC)力学性能的影响,分析了增容剂对WPC熔融性能的变化。使用木粉填充可提高不同树脂基WPC的模量,但却降低了HDPE基WPC的拉伸强度及HDPE基、PP基WPC的弯曲强度。     

LLDPE/纳米ZnO复合材料的制备与性能研究

将改性纳米ZnO与线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)熔融共混、制备了LLDPE/纳米ZnO复合材料。通过SEM观察纳米ZnO粒子在LLDPE基体中的分散情况;研究了复合材料的力学性能及维卡软化点。结果表明:改性纳米ZnO的加入可提高LLDPE的力学性能和维卡软化点。其中,复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、冲击强度、弯曲强度的最大值分别比LLDPE提高了17.00%、13.42%、9.90%、7.04%。     

聚乙烯蜡表面改性及对木粉/HDPE复合材料性能影响

利用过氧化物作为引发剂,把马来酸酐接枝到聚乙烯蜡上。接枝前后聚乙烯蜡的红外光谱变化证实了接枝反应的发生。与未改性的聚乙烯蜡相比,改性后聚乙烯蜡填充木粉/HDPE复合材料的平衡扭矩和力学性能提高,其拉伸、弯曲、冲击强度分别提高71%、47%和70%,但随着改性聚乙烯蜡添加量的增加,材料的力学性能又有所下降。扫描电镜照片显示改性聚乙烯蜡填充的复合材料,木粉在基体中分散均匀,界面结合良好。     

苯乙烯氯化原位接枝改性氯化聚氯乙烯的研究

采用氯化原位接枝技术在聚氯乙烯（PVC）进行氯化反应的同时接枝上各种不同单体．从而制备改性的氯化聚氯乙烯（CPVC）。研究了PVC固相法氯化原位接枝St的规律，讨论了单体苯乙烯（St）加入量、氯含量对产物物理力学性能及流变性能的影响。结果表明：St的加入量为10份时，改性CPVC的屈服强度明显高于空白CPVC的屈服强度，但维卡软化点降低；改性CPVC的屈服强度和维卡软化点均随氟含量增加而增大；St的加入量适当，可以同时提高改性CPVC的屈服强度和冲击性能，降低熔体粘度。     

PC/改性ABS复合材料的制备与性能

在传统的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)乳液接枝聚合中加入甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA),制得了改性ABS,然后与聚碳酸酯(PC)共混挤出，制得了PC/改性ABS复合材料。研究了MMA用量对PC/改性ABS复合材料的熔体流动速率(MFR)、维卡软化温度、力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着MMA用量的增加，PC/改性ABS复合材料的MFR、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度均先升高后降低。当MMA质量分数为20%时，PC/改性ABS复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均达到最大，分别为48.9 MPa和63.2 MPa;当MMA质量分数为30%时，PC/改性ABS复合材料的缺口冲击强度为41.0 kJ/m²;当MMA质量分数不高于30%时，与PC/ABS复合材料相比，PC/改性ABS复合材料的维卡软化温度更高。     

用废木粉增强聚乙烯的研究

本研究采用废木粉为填料增强改性高密度聚乙烯。评价了马来酸酐接枝高密度聚乙烯（MAH-g-HDPE）对聚乙烯基木塑复合材料的增客效果，研究了木粉含量对复合材料力学性能和其它性能的影响，详细阐述了木粉的增强作用机理。研究结果表明：MAH-g-HDPE可显著增进憎水性基质和亲水性木粉之间的界面相互作用，明显改进复合材料的力学性能；在使用适当相客剂的情况下，木粉可明显提高聚乙烯的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量，具有良好的增强效果；当木粉含量为60％时，复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量分别高达38MPa、54MPa和3500MPa，若与纯基质相比，分别提高了43．4％、176％和283％。这些实验结果表明，木粉对聚乙烯具有明显的增强效果。     

mLLDPE改性HDPE膜制备及性能

为了改善高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)薄膜雾度和透光率较差的问题,用2种类茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯M4707EP(m LLDPE-1)和HPR18H10AX(m LLDPE-2)改性HDPE制备了m LLDPE-1/HDPE和m LLDPE-2/HDPE复合薄膜。通过红外光谱仪,光电雾度仪,拉伸机和维卡软化点测试仪等对薄膜进行结构特征、力学性能、光学性能、耐热性能分析,结果表明,红外曲线在1 458 cm-1附近出现了—CH2—峰的飘移,m LLDPE-1比m LLDPE-2与HDPE有更多的交联点,m LLDPE-1与HDPE的相容性比m LLDPE-2与HDPE的相容性更好。m LLDPE改性HDPE提高了复合膜的维卡软化点,m LLDPE-1的改性效果较好,软化点提高了9. 2℃,复合薄膜的断裂伸长率提高了55. 7%,落镖冲击的破损质量从85 g增加到100 g,并且透明度升高了10%,雾度下降了1. 6%。     

木粉的碱化处理对木塑复合材料性能的影响

采用木粉填充高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）制备复合材料。为增强亲水性的木粉和憎水性的HDPE基质之间的化学亲和力,对木粉碱化处理。研究了相容剂用量和木粉的碱化处理对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果显示,马来酸酐接枝HDPE可明显提高复合材料的力学性能．表现出很好的增容效果：与用未碱化处理的木粉填充的复合材料相比,木粉的碱化处理使复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别下降20．4％和36．2％：在不使用相容剂的情况下,木粉的碱化处理也会使复合材料的拉伸强度下降．但在使用适量相容剂后．则可使复合材料的拉伸强度从未处理时的30．3MPa提高到36．5MPa,与纯HDPE相比,拉伸强度提高了44.8％。     

异氰酸酯对木塑力学性能与疏水性的影响

将木粉表面的羟基分别与异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)反应,再与聚乙烯(PE)通过挤出混合,挤出成型制备出了不同处理效果的木塑复合材料(WPC)。在不同种类和不同浓度的条件下,异氰酸酯改性木粉对木塑复合材料(WPC)的力学性能以及吸水率具有不同的影响。红外光谱(FTIR)和接触角测试表明,异氰酸酯成功接枝到木粉上。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)观察木粉与聚乙烯(PE)的相容性变化,通过微机控制电子万能试验机测试不同处理条件下的木塑复合材料力学性能,并参照GB/T 1462—2005计算了木塑吸水率。结果表明,在质量比为TDI∶木粉=5∶100条件下,木塑的力学性能和疏水效果最佳,拉伸强度达到27.8±0.7 MPa,浸入水中48 h吸水率达到0.45%。     

甲基化木粉与PE-g-MAH对木粉/HDPE复合材料力学性能的协同作用研究

主要研究了木粉表面甲基化改性和增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(PE-g-MAH)对木粉/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料力学性能的协同作用。木粉经表面甲基化处理后,与10%PE-g-MAH协同使用,甲基化木粉/PE-g-MAH/HDPE复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度均明显高于未改性木粉/PE-g-MAH/HDPE复合材料,其原因在于在PE-g-MAH的作用下,甲基化木粉在聚合物基体中分布更加均匀,两者的界面作用力更高,即甲基化木粉和PE-g-MAH对提升木粉/HDPE复合材料的力学性能具有良好的协同作用。     

Compression wood as a source of reinforcing filler for thermoplastic composites

Compression wood (CW) is a reaction wood formed in gymnosperms in response to various growth stresses. Many of the anatomical, chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of CW differ distinctly from those of normal wood. Because of different properties, the CW is much less desirable than normal wood. This study was conducted to investigate the suitability of CW flour obtained from black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) in the manufacture of wood plastic composite (WPC). Polypropylene (PP) and CW flour were compounded into pellets by twin‐screw extrusion, and the test specimens were prepared by injection molding. WPCs were manufactured using various weight percentages of CW flour/PP and maleic anhydride‐grafted PP (MAPP). Water absorption (WA), modulus of rupture (MOR), and modulus of elasticity (MOE) values were measured. The results showed that increasing of the CW percentage in the WPC increased WA, MOR, and MOE values. Using MAPP in the mixture improved water resistance and flexural properties. CW flour of black pine can be used for the manufacturing of WPC as a reinforcing filler. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Wood‐thermoplastic composites from wood flour and high‐density polyethylene

High‐density polyethylene/wood flour (HDPE/WF) composites were prepared by a twin‐screw extruder. The effects of WF, silane coupling agents, polymer compatibilizers, and their content on the comprehensive properties of the WF/HDPE composites have been studied in detail, including the mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties and microstructure. The results showed that both silane coupling agents and polymer compatibilizers could improve the interfacial adhesion between WF and HDPE, and further improve the properties of WF/HDPE composites, especially with AX8900 as a compatibilizer giving higher impact strength, and with HDPE‐g‐MAH as a compatibilizer giving the best tensile and flexural properties. The resultant composite has higher strength (tensile strength = 51.03 MPa) and better heat deflection temperature (63.1°C). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Synergistic compatibilization and reinforcement of HDPE/wood flour composites

Multi‐monomer grafted copolymers, high‐density polyethylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride‐styrene (HDPE‐g‐(MAH‐St)) and polyethylene wax‐grafted‐ maleic anhydride ((PE wax)‐g‐MAH), were synthesized and applied to prepare high‐performance high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood flour (WF) composites. Interfacial synergistic compatibilization was studied via the coordinated blending of high‐density polyethylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride (MPE‐St) and polyethylene wax‐grafted‐ maleic anhydride (MPW) in the high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood flour (WF) composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology and three‐dimensional WF sketch presented that strong interactive interface between HDPE and WF, formed by MPE‐St with high graft degree of maleic anhydride (MAH) together with the permeating effect of MPW with a low molecular weight. Experimental results demonstrated that HDPE/WF composites compatibilized by MPE‐St/MPW compounds showed significant improvement in mechanical properties, rheological properties, and water resistance than those compatibilized by MPE, MPE‐St or MPW separately and the uncompatibilized composites. The mass ratio of MPE‐St/MPW for optimizing the HDPE/WF composites was 5:1. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 42958.     

Rheological properties of teak wood flour reinforced HDPE and maize starch composites

Teak wood flour reinforced high density polyethylene and maize starch composites were prepared by using maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene as a compatibilizer. The mechanical properties (tensile and flexural) of all the composites increased after addition of 10%–40% teak wood flour into HDPE matrix. The complex viscosity (η*) was higher for all the composites at the low frequency, but decreased with increasing frequencies indicating a shear thinning behavior of the composites. The storage modulus and loss modulus increased for the composites compared to the HDPE at low frequencies. Damping factor peak of HDPE and composites showed high below 1 Hz, but the peak start decreasing with increasing above 1 Hz. The relaxation behavior of HDPE and the composites after incorporating teak wood flour, maize starch, and compatibilizer was obtained by Han plot. Biodegradability was enhanced with the incorporation of teak wood flour, maize starch into the composites. Appreciable water uptake and the thickness swelling for the composites indicating it's potential for interior, automobile and packaging applications.     

木粉粒径对木塑复合材料性能的影响

采用不同粒径的木粉填充高密度聚乙烯制备木塑复合材料，研究了木粉粒径对木塑复合材料力学性能和加工流动性的影响。结果表明：木粉粒径对复合材料性能的影响十分明显，较大粒径的木粉有利于复合材料弯曲性能和冲击强度的提高。木粉粒径从100μm增加到850μm，复合材料弯曲强度增加10．4％，弯曲模量增加56．3％，冲击强度增加14．6％。随木粉粒径的增大，拉伸强度呈现先上升后下降的趋势，在200μm时出现最大值。木粉粒径对熔体流动速率（MFR）和密度的影响十分明显，大粒径的木粉使复合材料具有较高的MFR和较低的密度。     

Comparative study on the effect of manchurian ash and larch wood flour on mechanical property,morphology, and rheology of HDPE/wood flour composites

Effects of wood flour species and polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (MA‐PE) on mechanical properties and morphology and torque rheology of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood flour composites have been comparatively investigated. The results demonstrated that without compatbilizer, wood flour species exhibited little influence on mechanical properties. In the presence of MA‐PE, the mechanical properties were obviously increased. On the basis of the mechanical property data obtained from wood flour extracted by different methods, the extractant was an important factor affecting the mechanical properties. Manchurian ash and larch wood flours extracted by hot water presented almost the same mechanical properties, and larch wood flour was the most beneficial to enhance the mechanical properties. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) further confirmed that interfacial adhesion and dispersion of manchurian ash wood flour in composites were effectively improved by MA‐PE. The torque results demonstrated that the chemical reactions of maleic anhydride groups on MA‐PE with hydroxyl on cellulose in wood flour probably took place due to the increase of the equilibrium torque and the appearance of the torque peak, and larch wood flour was more beneficial to prepare the composites containing the higher wood flour content. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008