稀土在功能材料中的应用与新进展

较系统地介绍了稀土在功能材料中的应用与新进展 ,主要有稀土发光材料、稀土激光材料、稀土永磁材料、稀土超导材料、稀土储氢材料、稀土磁致冷材料、稀土超磁致伸缩材料、稀土催化剂材料     

二氧化碳捕获材料的研究进展

简要阐述了近年来二氧化碳的减排、捕获等最新技术的研究进展,着重介绍了二氧化碳捕获材料的研究状况,如醇胺类吸附剂、离子液体吸附材料、金属化合物材料、陶瓷材料、沸石分子筛材料、碳基吸附材料、硅胶材料等传统吸附材料及复合型材料、负离子选择性吸附材料等新型捕获材料.并对二氧化碳捕获材料的发展趋势进行了展望.     

高分子材料在红外隐身中的应用

综述了红外隐身材料中高分子材料的研究与应用现状，对单一型隐身材料、涂层型隐身材料中的树脂和填料、柔性隐身材料、手征隐身材料、多层隐身材料及纳米隐身材料等进行了讨论，并对隐身材料的发展趋势进行了展望。     

我国应重点发展17类新材料

前不久，中国科学院半导体研究所研究员、中科院院士王占国在一个院士论坛上表示，新材料是国民经济、社会进步和国家安全的物质基础与先导，王占国建议我国新材料产业“十一五”规划应重点发展17类新材料，它们分别是：硅基微纳电子材料、光电子材料与器件、半导体固体照明工程材料与器件、全固态激光材料与器件、平板显示材料与器件、稀土功能材料、功能陶瓷材料、超级钢材料与技术、航空航天用关键材料、核能工程材料、高速铁路及汽车用材料、新型能源材料、生物医用材料、生态环境材料与技术、海水淡化材料与技术、纳米材料与技术以及超导材料。     

聚合物基阻尼材料的研究进展

结合近年来聚合物基阻尼材料的研究成果,综述聚合物基阻尼材料的阻尼机理和国内外制备阻尼材料的传统技术方法和新技术方法。重点介绍压电阻尼材料、磁性阻尼材料、梯度阻尼材料和有机杂化阻尼材料的研究进展。指出阻尼材料的发展方向:一是制备具有宽温域范围、高阻尼因子的阻尼材料,二是制备功能化阻尼材料,三是制备绿色环保阻尼材料。     

功能高分子材料发展现状及展望

介绍了几种新型的功能高分子材料的发展及应用领域等,包括：光功能高分子材料、电功能高分子材料、反应型功能高分子材料、吸附分离功能高分子材料、生物医用功能高分子材料、液晶高分子材料等。并展望了功能高分子材料未来发展方向的热点,最后论及新型功能高分子材料的战略地位。     

混凝土新型表面防护材料研究进展

混凝土表面防护材料能适用公路、海洋、桥梁等复杂使用条件下的混凝土结构防护。混凝土表面防护材料按照成分不同可分为传统聚合物材料、改性聚合物材料、疏水浸渍材料。为适应恶劣工况防护需要,研制开发具有综合性和环保性的新型表面防护材料:玻璃鳞片参合聚合物涂层材料、水泥基渗透防护材料、新型有机硅防护材料以及自修复涂层材料。     

物理效应与功能无机非金属材料

本文简要介绍了部分物理效应和基于这些效应而开发的一些无机非金属材料,如智能材料,非线性光学材料、铁电材料、铁磁性材料、压电材料、压敏材料、超低声衰减材料、微波介质材料及电磁屏蔽材料等。同时也介绍了这些材料的应用领域。     

除湿材料研究进展

综述了固体干燥剂、液体除湿材料、复合干燥剂、膜除湿材料、智能湿度控制材料及其他除湿材料的研究进展。指出了复合吸附剂、多孔材料的改性、绿色可降解材料、新型功能合成材料的研制将是开发高性能实用除湿材料的方向。     

吸附铀元素材料的研究进展

综述了吸附材料在吸附铀应用的研究进展。吸附材料包括无机材料、有机材料以及生物材料。     

Effect of tensile strain on the use of the WLF equation

The effect of finite elongation on superposed infinitesimal torsional oscillations has been determined on two propellants, a carbon black-filled rubber and Solithane 113 (Galcit I), as a function of temperature at various fixed frequencies. Torsional storage modulus—temperature data for carbon black-filled rubber and propellant show that the effect of the imposed tensile elongation cannot be explained by any simple temperature–elongation shift relationship. The shift factors for the torsional moduli of these two polymeric systems have been calculated as a function of temperature at various tensile elongations. The WLF constants C₁ and C₂ have been computed for these systems as a function of the elongation. The constants decrease with increasing elongation. The values of the constants at 0% elongation are larger than those commonly found in unfilled materials. The temperature dependence of the shift factor of the torsional storage modulus was found to differ from that of the loss modulus in the cases of carbon black-filled rubber and propellant. This difference is slight for the rubber and large for the propellant. The effect of increased elongation is to increase the difference in the shift behavior of the moduli for each of these filled polymers. The shape of the loss tangent curve of the propellants examined indicates that these propellants are not thermorheologically simple.     

橡胶Mooney-Rivlin模型力学性能常数的确定

用非线性有限元分析法和轴向压缩试验确定橡胶材料Mooney—Rivlin模型力学性能常数C1和C2。先由橡胶材料硬度计算出C1与C2之和，再通过非线性有限元分析法模拟不同C2／C1下橡胶材料的压缩应力-应变曲线并与实测曲线比较，与实测曲线重合性最好的模拟曲线的C2／C1即为橡胶材料的实际C2／C1，进而求得C1和C2。     

The effect of type and amount of carbon black on the interaction between polychloroprene rubber and motor oil

The interaction constants between polychloroprene rubber, containing different amounts and types of carbon black, and a motor oil were experimentally determined. It was found that the interaction constant values are not affected by the type of carbon black as long as the mixes contain the same filler concentration and category, whereas mixes containing the same filler type but of different concentrations show different interaction constants.     

Diffusion and sorption of organic liquids through polymer membranes. II. Neoprene,SBR, EPDM,NBR, and natural rubber versus n-alkanes

Diffusion and sorption of n-alkanes (C₆–C₁₀) through commercial polymer membranes such as neoprene, styrene butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene diene terpolymer, nitrile butadiene rubber, and natural rubber have been studied from 25 to 60°C. The diffusion results have been explained in terms of the size of liquid molecules and the diffusion mechanism was found to follow the Fickian trend. Nitrile butadiene rubber and neoprene showed much smaller values of diffusivities and sorption constants than the other polymer membranes. Arrhenius parameters for the activated diffusion process and the thermodynamic quantities for the process of equilibrium sorption have been estimated.     

Rheology of network forming systems

Viscosity and dynamic shear measurements are reported on several network forming systems as a function of reaction time and temperature. Phenolic, epoxy and EPDM rubber systems are examined. Rheological data are related to the reaction kinetics of the systems. With these relations overall activation energies, reaction orders and rate constants are interpreted from the data. These compare favorably with results in the literature. Applications of rheological techniques to processing problems of several network forming systems are described, specifically thermoset injection molding and SBR rubber vulcanization.     

Kinetics investigation on the hydrogenation of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber latex by using new catalytic reaction system

The kinetics of hydrogenation of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber latex with hydrazine hydrate/hydrogen peroxide/selenium catalytic reaction system was investigated by calculating the initial reaction rate constants. The reaction rate constants of the reaction system were obtained by initial reaction measurements of different reactant dosages, such as selenium, hydrazine hydrate, and hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogenation rate constants and reaction order corresponding to the various factors were obtained from the hydrogenation kinetic data. The kinetic equation of this reaction system between 50–70 °C and the reaction activation energy was derived.     

Contribution to the mechanism of the thiuram vulcanization. I. Polymerization of styrene in the presence of tetramethylthiuram disulfide and natural rubber

The influence of the concentration of tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) on grafting of natural rubber by styrene at 80°, 95°, 115°, and 130°C and constant molar ratio of rubber and styrene was studied. It was found that the dependence R_p = f([TMTD]^½) at all followed temperatures goes through a maximum and that TMTD substantially decreases the amount of bound rubber in the graft copolymer. The analysis of the kinetic data and the results of separation of polymer mixtures showed the significant role in the process of the termination reactions of the growing polymer and the rubber radicals with the RS radicals. The derived kinetic relation is in good agreement with the experimental, results and allows calculation of the transfer rate constants of RS radical on rubber.     

Effect of non‐rubber substances on vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber

Effect of non‐rubber components on vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber was studied with the use of a Rheometer MDR‐2000. The results show that the rate constants of induction period and curing period of natural rubber (NR) are greater than that of natural rubber extracted with acetone (NR_E), and the activation energies of induction period and curing period of NR are lower than that of NR_E. The activation energy of induction period of NR is reduced by16.9% and the activation energy of curing period of NR is reduced by 3.2% compared to the activation energies of NR_E. The time t_dis of NR is shorter than that of NR_E at the same temperature. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

A consistently compressible Mooney-Rivlin model for the vulcanized rubber based on the Penn's experimental data

Based on the Penn's experimental data, a consistently compressible Mooney-Rivlin model is developed for the vulcanized rubber. First, the Penn's experimental data are re-analyzed, which show the near incompressibility. Next, the incompressible Mooney-Rivlin model and three conventional types of compressible model are studied for the vulcanized rubber, which exhibit an apparent inconsistence with the incompressible model due to the dissimilar initial shear modulus. Finally, a consistently compressible model with extra constants is proposed, which obeys the normalization conditions and the consistent conditions, and a procedure to identify model constants is suggested, and then applied to the Penn's experimental data. The consistently compressible Mooney model is eventually established for the vulcanized rubber, and then compared with other four hyper-elastic models.     

Elastic behavior of natural rubber filled vulcanizates

The reinforcement effect of carbon black and, the effect of accelerator-to-sulfur ratio variation on the elastic behavior of natural rubber vulcanizates have been studied. The Mooney–Rivlin relation was used to describe the behavior of the rubber matrix, and values of constants c₁ and c₂ have been evaluated with the use of the strain-amplification factor. The stress softening of the vulcanizates tested has also been examined.