锂离子电池正极材料Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.55)Ni_(0.15)Mg_(0.1)O_2的研究

采用碳酸盐沉淀法制备材料Li1.2Mn0.55Ni0.15Mg0.1O2,并对材料的结构、形貌以及电化学特征进行了测试。XRD测试和扫描电镜测试结果表明该材料具有良好的层状结构和形貌特征,电化学测试表明材料具有良好的充放电性能,循环性能,倍率性能等。     

氢键配合物[Mn(H_2O)_2(HNic)_2]晶体的合成及结构表征

用3d金属离子锰与2-羟基-3-吡啶羧酸配体合成出新的水杨酸式螯合具有三维网络结构的Mn(H_2O)_2(HNic)_2配合物。均三苯甲酸苯环上一、三、五位置上的羧基都有脱质子化进行各种不同的结合,利用这点水溶液合成氢键配合物Mn(H_2O)_2(HNic)。我们采用常规分析方法即元素分析谱等,对配合物进行了表征.利用X-射线衍射晶体结构分析,结果显示该配合物属于单斜晶系,空间群为P2(1)/c,每一各晶胞包含两个Mn(H_2O)_2(HNic)_2分子,一个2-羟基-3-吡啶羧酸分子,通过N原子质子化的H原子与临近2-羟基-3-吡啶羧酸分子上的羟基上O原子又形成了一个八元环的氢键结构,该配合物具有复杂的氢键结构。     

高模量碳纤维的现状及发展(2)

主要介绍了国内外聚丙烯腈基和沥青基高模量碳纤维的研究现状及发展趋势。⑴高模量碳纤维的发展方向:1980年代,两大高模量碳纤维都朝着高强高模方向发展,以满足飞机主承力结构件高强高模并重的需要,因而促使高模量碳纤维的性能从单一高模化向高强高模化方向迈进,如东丽公司的M50J和M60J的抗拉伸强度(σ)分别为4.12 GPa和3.92 GPa,抗拉伸模量(E)分别为475 GPa和588 GPa,与M50(σ:2.45 GPa,E:490 GPa)相比均大幅度提高;1990年代率先研制出XN-70(σ:3.3 GPa,E:690 GPa)和FT-700(σ:3.3 GPa,E:700 GPa)沥青基高强高模碳纤维产品不久,美国AMOCO公司也生产出Thorne K-1000(σ:3.1 GPa,E:956 GPa)商品,满足了工业界的需求。⑵原丝的品质是提升高强高模碳纤维性能的关键:人们特别关注聚合物单体、溶剂、环境等的净化,以及聚合纺丝工艺参数的选择和调整,目的是如何能生产出低灰份杂质,细直径,高碳收率,高取向度和结晶度,毛丝少,柔韧性好,均匀稳定的优质原纤维。优质原纤维是制备高强高模的物质基础。⑶热处理制备工序、设备选型及工艺参数的调控也是提高高强高模碳纤维性能不可或缺的条件:人们在热处理过程用DSC-TG(热分析仪)、EA(元素分析仪)、FE-SEM(场发射扫描电镜)、HRTEM(高分辨透射电镜)、XES(X-射线能谱仪)、XRD(X-射线衍射仪)、Raman(拉曼光谱)、NMR(核磁共振仪)、STM(原子力显微镜)和AAS(原子吸收光谱)等先进的测试分析方法以及万能材料试验机等,研究各工序的工艺参数对产品性能和结构的影响,并详细的用图表阐述之。前人研究的成果加速了世界高强高模碳纤维性能的提升。进而提出了提高我国高强高模碳纤维的关键技术(例如研制非硅系新油剂,加强各工序的净化度和设备加工精度,强化工艺参数调控精度和加强灵活可变性,分析测试的准确度和测试方法的统一性等)。同时简介了高模量碳纤维的应用领域和前景。     

内窥镜及其应用(2)

3光纤工业内窥镜的基本结构及原理 光纤工业内窥镜如图5所示,由头端部、弯曲部、主软管、操作部、目镜、导光软管、导光插头、冷光源所构成.     

一种新颖钒氧酸盐晶体(H_2en)_3V_(10)O_(28)·5H_2O的合成、晶体结构及表征

通过传统常温溶液挥发法得到一种新颖钒氧酸盐化合物(H2en)3V10O28·5H2O(en=(CH2NH2)2乙二胺),并对其进行X射线单晶衍射、红外和热重等性质表征。结构解析数据如下:单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,a=2.0250(3)nm,b=1.7193(2)nm,c=1.05376(13)nm,α=90.00°,β=103.615(2)°,γ=90.00°,V=3.5655(8)nm3。晶体由一个钒十多酸阴离子骨架[V10O28]6-、三个游离的质子化乙二胺阳离子和五个游离水分子构成。     

Fe~(3 )、Zn~(2 )、Mn~(2 )、Cu~(2 )、Ca~(2 )、Mg~(2 )等离子共存体系中Ca~(2 )、Mg~(2 )的测定

叙述了Fe3 、Zn2 、Mn2 、Cu2 、Ca2 、Mg2 等离子共存体系中采用六次甲基四胺 -铜试剂沉淀除去Fe3 、Zn2 、Mn2 、Cu2 等干扰离子 ,用EDTA滴定钙镁的方法 ,该方法钙的回收率在 99.7%～ 10 0 .3 % ;镁的回收率在 10 0 .0 %～ 10 0 .4% ,标准偏差为 0 .0 2 2。     

烧结温度对La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_(3-δ)-Gd_(0.1)Ce_(0.9)O_(2-δ)双相复合透氧膜性能的影响

采用干压成型制备La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ-Gd0.1Ce0.9O2-δ(LSCF-GDC)双相复合透氧膜,通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜以及透氧量测试等研究了不同烧结温度下材料相结构、微观形貌以及透氧性能。结果表明:LSCF和GDC两相化学相容性较好,在1 300℃条件下共烧后没有杂相生成;随着烧结温度的升高,LSCF-GDC的氧渗透量逐渐增加。在烧结温度为1 300℃、操作温度为900℃时,厚度0.67 mm的膜片氧渗透量为0.14 m L/(cm2·min);在烧结温度不高于1 300℃时,LSCF-GDC双相膜的氧渗透活化能随着烧结温度的升高而逐渐降低。     

[Pb(DNI)_2(H_2O)_4]的制备和晶体结构

通过2,4-二硝基咪唑(2,4-DNI)的钠盐水溶液与硝酸铅的水溶液反应,制备出了2,4-二硝基咪唑铅配合物;采用自然挥发法培养出了适于X光结构测定的单晶,X射线衍射测定结果为,晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为Cc,晶体学参数为:a=6.517(3)×10-1nm,b=17.131(6)×10-1nm,c=14.082(7)×10-1nm,α=90.00(3)°,β=97.80(4)°,γ=90.00(4)°,V=1 557.5(12)×10-3nm3,Z=4,Dc=2.531 g/cm3,μ=11.001 mm-1,F(000)=1 120,最后偏离因子R为0.022 6。根据红外光谱、元素分析和X射线衍射分析结果,确定了2,4-二硝基咪唑铅配合物的化学组成为C6H10O12N8Pb,分子结构式为[Pb(DNI)2(H2O)4]。     

(1-x)Ca_(15/16)Sr_(1/16)TiO_3-xLi_(1/2)Nd_(1/2)TiO_3陶瓷的相组成、显微结构及微波介电性能

采用传统固相法合成了(1-x)Ca_(15/16)Sr_(1/16)TiO_3-xLi_(1/2)Nd_(1/2)TiO_3(CST-LNT)系列微波介质陶瓷材料,研究了该系列材料的物相组成、显微结构及微波介电性能。XRD分析结果表明所有样品均为钙钛矿结构,无二次相出现。随着Li_(1/2)Nd_(1/2)TiO_3的加入,陶瓷平均晶粒尺寸下降,表明Li_(1/2)Nd_(1/2)TiO_3会抑制晶粒生长。随着x的增加,介电常数下降,频率温度系数向负方向移动。当x=0.85时,1250℃保温4 h可以得到优良的微波介电性能:ε_r=125.4,Q×f=2230GHz,τ_f=+14.4 ppm/℃。     

Ag(I)(Et(2)PCH(2)CH(2)PPh(2))(2)]NO(3): An Antimitochondrial Silver Complex

The silver(I) complex [Ag(eppe)(2)]NO(3) (eppe = Et(2)PCH(2)CH(2)PPh(2)) is shown by X-ray crystallography to be tetrahedral with Ag - PEt(2) and Ag - P Ph(2) bond lengths of 2.482 and 2.518 A, respectively. The complex is selectively antimitochondrial and inhibits the growth of a number of yeast strains in non-fermentable media at concentrations as low as 2.5 muMu and induces the mitochondrial mutation petite The effect is largely reversed by the presence of aspirin. The complex is shown to be stable in the cell culture media and in the presence of glutathione, but readily reacts with disulfides of oxidized glutathione and serum albumin. Surprisingly, neither [Au(eppe)(2)]Cl nor [Au(eppe)(2)]Cl (dppe = Ph(2)PCH(2)CH(2)PPh(2)) showed any mitochondrial selectivity in the same screening protocol.     

Interaction of [Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)(H(2)O)(2)] and [Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(OH)Ph)(2)(phen)(2)(H(2)O)(2)](O(2)C-CH(OH)Ph)(2) With Sulfhydryl Compounds and Ceruloplasmin

The interaction of binuclear rhodium(II) complexes [Rh(2)(OOCCH(3))(4)(H(2)O)(2)], [Rh(2){OOCCH(OH)Ph}(2)(phen)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] {OOCCH(OH)Ph}(2), [Rh(2)(OOCCH(3))(2)(bpy)(2)(H(2)O)(2)](OOCCH(3))(2) and [Rh(2)Cl(2)(OOCMe)(2)(bpy)(2)](3H(2)O) with ceruloplasmin, cysteine, glutathione and coenzyme A have been investigated using. UV-Vis and CD spectroscopies. The complexes containing phen or bpy at pH = 7.4 and 4.0 are readily reduced with sulfhydryl compounds, while rhodium(II) acetate is relatively stable in these conditions. Complex [Rh(2){OOCCH(OH)Ph}(2)(phen)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] strongly changes structure of ceruloplasmin leading to the decrease of of alpha-helix content and loss of oxidase activity.     

H(2)O(2) in CO(2): sustainable production and green reactions

Hydrogen peroxide is a "green" oxidant whose relatively high cost has prevented it from being applied to commodity chemical processing. Interestingly, those attributes of the current H(2)O(2) process that contribute to the high cost also contribute to its nonsustainable features. We have consequently explored the generation of hydrogen peroxide both by the AQ route and directly from hydrogen and oxygen using liquid CO(2) as the solvent, because CO(2) provides some unique advantages to H(2)O(2) synthesis.     

氨噻肟酸与AE—活性酯

我国氨噻肟酸的总产量为300-400t/a,产品大部分用于生产AE-活性酯,部分直接出口。在氨噻肟酸生产中如何对反应过程进行实时监控,利用液氯替代价格较高同时危险性较大的液溴,以及如何控制氨噻肟酸产物中顺反异构体的比例、阻止二聚体的生成是今后有待解决的问题;在AE-活性酯的生产中,利用价格较低的原料代替昂贵的三苯基膦将对降低生产成本起到决定性的作用。     

N（2—甲苯基）—2—（2—甲苯氧乙酰基）氨基脲的合成

以固体氢氧化的钠作催化剂,用Ｎ－（２－甲苯基）三氯乙酰胺与２－本氧乙酰肼反应,合成一种新的氨基脲。     

6-（6-（2-甲基-2H-四唑-5-基）吡啶-3-基）-2-（2-（甲磺酰基）乙基）酞嗪-1（2H）-酮的合成

以6-溴-2-(2-(甲磺酰基)乙基)酞嗪-1(2H)-酮和5-溴-2-(2-甲基-2H-四唑-5-基)吡啶为起始原料,经硼酸酯化和Suzuki偶联反应合成了6-(6-(2-甲基-2H-四唑-5-基)吡啶-3-基)-2-(2-(甲磺酰基)乙基)酞嗪-1(2H)-酮,收率为67.0%,产物的结构经IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和MS得到确证。     

Photopyroelectric Spectroscopic Studies of ZnO-MnO(2)-Co(3)O(4)-V(2)O(5) Ceramics

Photopyroelectric (PPE) spectroscopy is a nondestructive tool that is used to study the optical properties of the ceramics (ZnO + 0.4MnO(2) + 0.4Co(3)O(4) + xV(2)O(5)), x = 0-1 mol%. Wavelength of incident light, modulated at 10 Hz, was in the range of 300-800 nm. PPE spectrum with reference to the doping level and sintering temperature is discussed. Optical energy band-gap (E(g)) was 2.11 eV for 0.3 mol% V(2)O(5) at a sintering temperature of 1025 °C as determined from the plot (ρhυ)(2)versushυ. With a further increase in V(2)O(5), the value of E(g) was found to be 2.59 eV. Steepness factor 'σ(A)' and 'σ(B)', which characterize the slope of exponential optical absorption, is discussed with reference to the variation of E(g). XRD, SEM and EDAX are also used for characterization of the ceramic. For this ceramic, the maximum relative density and grain size was observed to be 91.8% and 9.5 μm, respectively.     

A new binuclear Cr(III) citrate anion: Synthesis,characterization and crystal structure of [Cr(CO(NH2)2)6]2[Cr2(CO(NH2)2)2(C6H4O7)2]3

The new anion [Cr₂(CO(NH₂)₂)₂(C₆H₄O₇)₂]^2 − has been isolated in the complex [Cr(CO(NH₂)₂)₆]₂[Cr₂(CO(NH₂)₂)₂(C₆H₄O₇)₂]₃. The crystals of this complex were obtained by a one-pot synthetic method using 1:1 molar ratio of hexaureachromium(III) chloride and trisodium citrate in aqueous medium. It was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The compound crystallizes in space group R‾3 of the trigonal system with three formula units in a cell of dimensions a = b = 24.7461(4) Å, c = 13.7204(3) Å and γ = 120°. The crystal structure comprises the columns consisting of [Cr(CO(NH₂)₂)₆]^3 + cations surrounded by a cylinder of complex anions, [Cr₂(CO(NH₂)₂)₂(C₆H₄O₇)₂]^2 − which are packed in a honeycomb-like manner. This supramolecular architecture is formed and stabilized by inter- and intramolecular NH⋯O hydrogen bonds.     

(E)-2-(2-溴甲基苯基)-2-甲氧亚胺基乙酸甲酯的合成工艺研究

以2-甲基苯甲酸为起始原料,经氯化亚砜酰氯化、氰化钠腈化、甲醇酯化、甲氧胺盐酸盐肟化以及二溴海因溴化后,得到肟菌酯的重要中间体(E)-2-(2-溴甲基苯基)-2-甲氧亚胺基乙酸甲酯,含量90%(GC),总收率56.0%。该合成工艺反应条件温和,工艺简便,原材料成本低,有工业应用价值。     

氨噻肟酸乙酯的合成研究

以去甲氨噻肟酸乙酯(DMAT)为原料,对影响反应收率的反应温度、物料配比、相转移催化剂及其用量、甲基化试剂、反应时间等因素进行了研究。最佳反应条件为:反应温度20℃,NaOH为碱性试剂,DMAT∶NaOH∶(CH3O)2SO3为1∶1.2∶1.2,四丁基碘化铵作相转移催化剂,用量为底物摩尔数的7%,硫酸二甲酯为甲基化试剂,乙醇和四氢呋喃为溶剂,反应时间约为4 h,总收率为79%。