聚丙烯/凹凸棒土纳米复合材料力学性能的研究

利用超声波分散方法将凹凸棒土分散在水中，采用硅烷偶联剂KH—570对凹凸棒土纳米棒品进行表面处理将经表面处理的凹凸棒土与聚丙烯复合制成纳米复合材料；研究了纳米复合材料的结品行为与力学性能。结果表明超声波有利于凹凸棒土的分散；凹凸棒土质量分数较低时，复合材料的力学性能有一定程度的提高。     

PP/凹凸棒土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用超声波分散方法将凹凸棒土在甲苯中进行分散，然后采用硅烷偶联剂KH—570对凹凸棒土纳米棒晶进行表面处理，将经表面处理的凹凸棒土与聚丙烯复合制备纳米复合材料，研究了纳米复合材料的晶体结构与性能。结果表明，当凹凸棒土含量为10％时，复合材料的拉伸强度达最大值；而冲击强度在凹凸棒土含量为2％时出现峰值。凹凸棒土的加入并没有改变聚丙烯的晶型，复合材料的加工性能在一定程度上得到改善。     

PE-LD／凹凸棒土纳米粒子复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用超声波分散方法将凹凸棒土(AT)在甲苯中进行分散，然后采用硅烷偶联剂KH570对凹凸棒土纳米棒晶进行表面处理，将经上述处理的凹凸棒土与低密度聚乙烯(PE-LD)复合制备纳米粒子复合材料，研究了纳米粒子复合材料的晶体结构与性能。结果表明，凹凸棒土在一定程度上可以提高PE-LD的综合性能。     

聚酰胺6／凹凸棒土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

采用双螺杆挤出机将凹凸棒土与聚酰胺6共混，制备聚酰胺6／凹凸棒土纳米复合材料，考察了凹凸棒土活化前后对聚酰胺6力学性能、微观形态、结晶行为的影响，结果表明：凹凸棒土以纳米尺寸分散于复合材料中；凹凸棒土的加入，可以促进聚酰胺6结晶；与未经硅烷偶联剂活化的凹凸棒土相比，活化后凹凸棒土的加入，可以提高复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度，经过硅烷偶联剂处理的凹凸棒土可以用于改性聚酰胺6。     

环氧树脂／凹凸棒土复合材料的分散和力学性能研究

采用超声分散和溶液共混的方法制备环氧树脂/凹凸棒土复合材料。电子显微镜和元素分析的结果表明，超声分散和凹凸棒土的有机化处理可以改善凹凸棒土的团聚状况和亲油性。选用超声波的作用功率为400W，作用时间为5min时的分散条件，复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均高于环氧树脂，表明凹凸棒土在复合材料中起到了增强的作用。     

改性凹凸棒土填充硬质PVC的制备与性能研究

用硅烷偶联剂甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷（MPTMS）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和凹凸棒土（AT）进行表面接枝改性，用傅立叶红外光谱分析了改性凹凸棒土的表面化学结构。以改性的凹凸棒土填充硬质聚氯乙烯（PVC），测试了材料的力学性能和热性能，结果表明，改性凹凸棒的填充可使PVC复合材料的拉伸强度，缺口冲击强度，弯曲强度，弯曲模量和热稳定性等均有所提高，用透射电镜观察了凹凸棒土及其在PVC基体中的微观分散状况，凹凸棒上具有纳米尺寸的针状结构，在PVC基体中以直径20nm-60nm,长度100nm-500nm的短纤维状分散在其中。     

凹凸棒土对PVC/ABS复合材料性能的影响

主要研究了经表面处理和未经表面处理的凹凸棒土对PVC/ABS复合材料力学性能及维卡软化温度的影响,用SEM观察了PVC/ABS复合材料的冲击断面微观形貌和凹凸棒土的分散情况。结果表明:经偶联剂改性后的凹凸棒土对复合材料力学性能的影响要好于未改性的凹凸棒土;未经处理的凹凸棒土对复合材料维卡软化温度有较大的提高。     

纳米凹凸棒土的表面修饰及表征

在超声分散的条件下，通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了表面硅烷修饰的凹凸棒土纳米粒子(nano-attapulgite)。红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电镜(TEM)、热失重(TGA)等研究方法表明，硅烷偶联剂(VTES)与凹凸棒土纳米微粒表面的残余羟基反应，形成了硅烷包覆的凹凸棒土纳米微粒，大约有12％的VTES包覆在纳米凹凸棒土的表面。最后给出了硅烷表面修饰凹凸棒土纳米微粒的结构模型．     

氨基模塑料/有机改性凹凸棒土的制备及其性能研究

氨基模塑料普遍存在脆性,采用有机改性凹凸棒土(OATP)对其进行增韧处理,可以提高该类材料的性能。采用超声波与机械搅拌的方法,以六偏磷酸钠为分散剂、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为处理剂对凹凸棒土(ATP)进行改性,制备出有机改性凹凸棒土,利用TEM、XRD、分散试验等对改性前后的ATP进行表征。结果表明:CTAB以吸附的方式附着在凹凸棒土表面,使OATP能较好地分散在有机溶剂中。将OATP与氨基模塑料经液压机热压成型得到氨基模塑料/OATP复合材料,并对该复合材料的机械性能进行了研究,结果表明:当OATP用量为7%时,弯曲强度达到91.2 MPa,缺口冲击强度达到2.44 k J/m2,氨基模塑料/OATP复合材料的机械性能得到提高。     

KH550改性凹凸棒土对纸张性能影响研究CSCD

使用硅烷偶联剂KH550对凹凸棒土进行湿法改性,探讨KH550改性对凹凸棒土和纸张性能的影响,研究发现,KH550以共价结合形式修饰在凹凸棒土表面,可以提高凹凸棒土的分散性能,降低颗粒的表面电荷。与未改性凹凸棒土相比,改性后的凹凸棒土可以提高纸张的填料留着率、白度、不透明度、抗张指数和撕裂指数。     

Preparation and properties of polypropylene/org-attapulgite nanocomposites

Polypropylene (PP)/org-attapulgite (ATP) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending in a mixer apparatus. Org-attapulgite was attained by silane coupling agent modification first and then graft-polymerization with butyl acrylate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to assess the clay morphology and the dispersion of the org-attapulgite, respectively. The changes of crystalline structure for PP nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties of PP/attapulgite nanocomposites were studied through tensile and impact tests. The thermal and dynamic mechanical properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The strength and stiffness of PP/org-ATP nanocomposites were both improved significantly in the presence of organic attapulgite. In addition, the incorporation of org-ATP also gave rise to an increase of the storage modulus and the changes of the glass transition temperature for PP composites. TEM and XRD results revealed the addition of attapulgite did not change the crystal structure of PP, however org-attapulgite acted as nucleating agents for the crystallization of PP.     

Surface‐activated nanosilica treated with silane coupling agents/polypropylene composites: Mechanical,morphological, and thermal studies

This work reports the mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of the polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites containing nanosilica (nano‐SiO₂) which were treated by different functional group silane coupling agents. Four types of silane coupling agents namely aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES), glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxy silane (GPTMS), trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate (TMPM), and dichlorodimethyl silane (DCMS) were used to modify the surface‐activated nanosilica. To enhance the effectiveness of the coupling, nanosilica was chemically activated and analyzed through FTIR and X‐ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS). The highest tensile strength was recorded by the activated nanocomposites treated with APTES followed by nanocomposite treated with GPTMS, TMPM, and DCMS, respectively. The addition of silane coupling agents into nano‐SiO₂/PP system further improved the tensile modulus of the PP nanocomposites. From the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, activated nanosilica treated with APTES showed better nanosilica dispersion in the PP matrix and lesser agglomeration occurred when compared with the other silane coupling agents which were used in this study. Surface activation process does not effectively increase the degree of crystallinity and thermal stability on the PP nanocomposites. However, with the assistance of the surface treatment, it was found that the thermal behavior of the PP nanocomposites had been enhanced. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

聚酰胺66/凹凸棒粘土纳米复合材料的制备及其性能研究

对商品凹凸棒粘土提纯、钠化、有机化后,与聚酰胺66(PA66)经双螺杆共混挤出得到PA66/凹凸棒粘土纳米复合材料。用透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了PA66/凹凸棒粘土纳米复合材料的微观结构,并测试了复合材料的力学性能和热性能。结果表明,凹凸棒粘土在PA66中达到纳米级分散,凹凸棒粘土的粒径小于100nm,并且在合适的添加量时复合材料的拉伸强度和热性能都有一定程度的提高。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/attapulgite nanocomposites

A kind of clay with fibrous morphology, attapulgite (AT), was used to prepare poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/AT nanocomposites via in situ polymerization. Attapulgite was modified with Hexadecyltriphenylphosphonium bromide and silane coupling agent (3‐glycidoxypropltrimethoxysilane) to increase the dispersion of clay particles in polymer matrix and the interaction between clay particles and polymer matrix. FTIR and TGA test of the organic‐AT particles investigated the thermal stability and the loading quantity of organic reagents. XRD patterns and SEM micrographs showed that the organic modification was processed on the surface of rod‐like crystals and did not shift the crystal structure of silicate. For PET/AT nanocomposites, it was revealed in TEM that the fibrous clay can be well dispersed in polymer matrix with the rod‐like crystals in the range of nanometer scale. The diameter of rod‐like crystal is about 20 nm and the length is near to 500 nm. The addition of the clay particles can enhance the thermal stability and crystallization rate of PET. With the addition of AT in PET matrix, the flexural modulus of those composites was also increased markedly. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1279–1286, 2007     

纳米SiO2粒子对PP结晶行为的影响

通过X-射线光电子能谱（XPS）对经偶联剂处理的纳米SiO2粒子（简称烷基化SiO2纳米粒子）和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）接枝包覆SiO2纳米粒子（简称SiO2-g-PMMA复合纳米粒子）的表面组成进行分析。将纳米SiO2粒子，烷基化SiO2纳米粒子，复合纳米粒子分别与基体PP复合制备复合材料，通过DSC，WAXD和TEM等测试方法详细研究了PP/SiO2复合材料的结晶行为与力学性能，结果发现：纳米SiO2粒子与烷基化SiO2纳米粒子并不改变基体PP的结晶形态，而复合纳米粒子诱发了基体PP的β晶型结晶，复合纳米粒子比较均匀地分散于PP基体中，对复合材料的力学性能有较大的改善。     

Preparation of polymeric hybrid nanocomposites based on PE and nanosilica

In this study the realization of nanocomposites based on a melt dispersion of nanoscopic silica particles in a polyethylene matrix is described. Different silane coupling agents were used to improve the interaction between nanosilica and polyethylene and then to improve the dispersion of the filler. In one case vinyl groups-containing silane coupling agents containing were used. The nanocomposite obtained with this modifier was transformed in a crosslinked organic-inorganic hybrid after an electron beam radiation treatment. The nanocomposites and the hybrid were characterized with TEM and FTIR. The thermal decomposition was studied in TGA. Mechanical properties were also detected, in a small punch test and wear resistance in a rotative drum abrader.     

Morphological characterization of attapulgite/poly(methyl methacrylate) particles prepared by soapless emulsion polymerization

BACKGROUND: The synthesis of core–shell inorganic/polymer nanocomposites, in which the polymer shell determines the chemical properties and the interaction with the environment, whereas their physical properties are governed by both the size and shape of the inorganic core and the surrounding organic layer, is an area of increasing research activity. RESULTS: Core–shell and bead–string shaped attapulgite/poly(methyl methacrylate) (ATP/PMMA) nanocomposite particles were prepared by soapless emulsion polymerization in an aqueous suspension of attapulgite organically modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. CONCLUSION: Transmission electron microscopy analysis results showed that the amounts of the monomer added had no influence on the morphologies of the ATP/PMMA particles. The morphologies only depended on the length/diameter ratio of the attapulgite fibrillar single crystal used. Long ATP needles formed the bead–string structure while short ATP needles formed the core–shell structure. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis and Characterization of Maleimide Functionalized Polystyrene-SiO2 /TiO2 Hybrid Nanocomposites by Sol-gel Process

ABSTRACT: Maleimide functionalized polystyrene (PSMA-SiO2/TiO2) hybrid nanocomposites were prepared by sol-gel reaction starting from tratraethoxysilane (TEOS)and titaniumisopropoxide in the solution of maleimide-polystrene in 1,4-dioxane. The hybrid films were obtained by the hydrolysis and polycondensation of (TEOS) and titaniumisopropoxide in maleimide-polystrene solution followed by the Michael addition reaction. The transparency of polymer (PSMA-SiO2/TiO2) hybrid was prepared from polystyrene-titaniumisopropoxide using the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxy silane(gamma-APS) as crosslinking agent by in situ sol-gel process via covalent bonding between the organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites.The maleimide functionalized polystyrene was synthesized by Friedal crafts reaction from N-choloromethylmaleimide.The FTIR spectroscopy data conformed the occurrence of Michael addition reaction between the pendant maleimide moieties of the styrene and gamma -aminopropyltriethoxysilane.The chemical structure and morphology of (PSMA-SiO2/TiO2) hybrid nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, NMR, 13C NMR, SEM and TEM analysis. The results also indicate that the inorganic particles are much smaller in the ternary systems than in the binary systems, the shape of the inorganic particles and compatibility for maleimide-polystrene and inorganic moieties are varied with ratio of the inorganic moieties in the hybrids. Furthermore,TGA and DSC results indicate that the thermal stability of maleimide-polystrene was enhanced through the incorporation of the inorganic moieties in the hybrid materials.