轻质油品脱臭催化剂的研究进展

轻质油品中都有不同含量的硫醇存在,不仅使油品产生恶臭,而且使油品的质量和安定性下降,硫醇还具有腐蚀性。所以石油加工过程中,常需要脱除油品中的硫醇或将其转化为危害较小的二硫化物。     

轻质油品脱臭催化剂的研究和应用

轻质油品中都有不同含量的硫醇存在,不仅使油品产生恶臭,腐蚀设备,而且使其质量和安定性下降。所以,在石油加工过程中,常需要脱除油品中的硫醇或将其转化为危害较小的二硫化物。介绍了轻质油品脱臭方法和新型脱臭工艺的工业应用。     

轻质油品脱臭工艺技术进展

在许多石油产品中特别是在含硫原油的轻质油品中都有不同程度含量的硫醇 ,硫醇的存在不仅使油品产生恶臭 ,而且使油品的质量和安定性下降 ,硫醇本身还具有腐蚀性。为此 ,在炼油工业中常常需要将硫醇脱除 (即脱臭 )。本文介绍了国内外开发应用的脱臭工艺以及助催化剂、活化剂的研究进展 ,对我国目前轻质油品脱臭技术的研究开发提出建议。     

DS-1复合氧化物精脱硫剂和HB2油品脱臭剂的特性及其工业应用

介绍了以固定床方式脱除油品中致臭硫化物的DS-1复合氧化物精脱硫剂和HB2新型脱臭剂的特性及其工业应用.结果表明,由DS-1复合氧化物精脱硫剂和HB2脱臭剂组成的脱臭工艺脱臭效果良好,工艺简单,稳定性好,使用寿命长,能够满足油品脱臭的工业要求.     

CH-3脱臭催化剂工业侧线试验研究

CH-3是以氧化物的混合物为载体,以钴的络合物为活性组分制备的轻质油品脱臭催化剂.该催化剂在炼厂脱臭塔侧线反应器上进行了长达一年半的稳定试验,结果表明,对于高硫醇含量汽油的脱臭效果优于工业催化剂A,CH-3催化剂的另一优点是不必用碱清洗床层,减少污染;该催化剂成本低、制作简单、寿命长、活性高、具有很好的工业应用前景.     

轻质燃料油的氧化脱硫研究

研究了H2O2以及促氧剂AC和TFAC对汽油中硫醇的氧化脱除效果。实验结果表明，H2O2可能有效的将汽油中硫醇氧化并且添加促氧剂能明显改善H2O2的作用效果。同时，工艺条件结果表明，较低反应温度，较短反应时间以及高剂油比对硫醇的氧化脱除反应有利。     

炼厂碳酸钠干燥尾气的氧化脱臭试验研究

介绍了臭氧氧化法去除工业废气中的硫化氢、硫醇的试验情况,考察了臭氧浓度、停留时间和催化剂等不同因素对去除率的影响。试验结果表明能达到较好的去除效果,硫化氢、硫醇的最终氧化物可以不是二氧化硫,而是凝聚态的硫化物。     

轻质油品中二硫化物脱除研究进展

综述了国内外轻质油品中二硫化物的脱除技术,包括吸附法、氧化法、络合法及生物法等几种脱硫方法的发展现状,阐述了各种方法在油品脱硫应用中的优缺点,并对轻质油品中二硫化物的脱硫技术发展前景做出展望,其中载体改性、络合-吸附结合、反应脱硫及生物脱硫技术有较好的发展前景。     

轻质油品光催化氧化脱硫研究进展

近年来，光催化氧化已成为光化学领域和环保领域中的研究热点之一。综述了采用光催化氧化脱除轻质油品中含硫化合物的研究方法以及应用情况，提出了脱硫过程存在的问题，展望了光催化氧化脱硫的发展前景。     

Effect of Temperature in Hydrocracking of Light Cycle Oil on a Noble Metal‐Supported Catalyst for Fuel Production

The effect of temperature has been studied in hydrocracking of light cycle oil (LCO), byproduct of fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) units on a bifunctional catalyst (Pt‐Pd/HY zeolite). The increase in both temperature and H₂ partial pressure have an important attenuating effect on catalyst deactivation, given that they decrease sulfur equilibrium adsorption and enhance hydrocracking of coke precursors. Therefore, the catalyst maintains significant hydrodesulfurization and hydrocracking activity. As the temperature is increased, hydrocracking conversion and naphtha selectivity increase, although there is no significant dearomatization of the medium distillate fraction in the range of the studied experimental conditions. 400 °C is the more suitable temperature for obtaining a high yield of naphtha with a high content of i‐paraffins.     

轻柴油氧化安定性测定法分析方法探讨

柴油氧化安定性（加速法）分析结果极不易平行，本文就此情况从多方面讨论了这一结果的影响因素，指出了准确做好这一试验的关键所在及注意事项。     

提高轻苯产率和降低洗油消耗的措施

通过对粗苯装置设备的改造和优化操作,既解决了设备能力与生产负荷不匹配的问题,又提高了轻苯收率和降低了洗油消耗。     

焦化柴油与轻蜡调和油中压加氢工艺生产的探索

选用焦化柴油：常四线不同配比的原料油,3936/3905催化剂,在温度、压力、空速、油气比不同工艺条件下进行考察实验,探索焦化柴油与轻蜡调和油中压加氢工艺生产方案。     

A Comprehensive Comparison on Foam Behavior in the Presence of Light Oil and Heavy Oil

Crude oil properties significantly affect foam behavior that is important to foam application in enhanced oil recovery. This study focused on the comparison on foam behavior in the presence of light oil and heavy oil. Foamability and foam stability, the bubble size, and the film thickness as well as the configuration of oil drops were fully investigated. Final results indicated that both the heavy oil and light oil increased the foamability of sodium dodecyl sulfate but decreased that of the amphoteric surfactant imidazoline. The positive effect of both light oil and heavy oil on foam stability was reconfirmed. However, heavy oil was more favorable to foam stability. The light oil may shorten the foam half‐life but prolong the foam drainage half‐life. The heavy oil was more effective in reducing the foam size and increasing the foam uniformity compared with light oil. According to the micrograph of foam, light oil was emulsified into quite small oil droplets, filling the plateau borders and lamellas. The heavy oil, in the form of far larger oil droplets, was mainly distributed in plateau borders only. The larger oil droplets resulted in the more stable foam, which was verified. Moreover, light oil (oil B) performed well in thickening the foam film, as did the heavy oil (oil A). But for the lightest oil (oil C), a thinning effect on the film was detected.     

油品氧化脱硫机理研究进展

由于成本低、脱硫率高等优点,氧化脱硫可成为未来非加氢方法生产超低硫清洁燃料油的主要技术之一。综述了国内外一些氧化脱硫机理的现状,如用不同催化剂将含硫油品氧化成不同的中间体的催化氧化脱硫、过氧中间体与含硫化合物发生基元反应的催化氧化离子液体氧化脱硫、通过不同光敏剂发生反应的光化学氧化脱硫、以电化学接触含硫化合物电解脱硫的电化学氧化脱硫、以微生物或者微生物所含的酶为催化剂生物氧化脱硫等,并且指出目前机理研究尚有不足,有些反应机理并不明确,还有待深入研究。     

Interaction of Light and Temperature on Tocopherols During Oxidation of Sunflower Oil

Light and temperature effects on tocopherols during the oxidation of sunflower oil were studied. The oxidation was performed at 40, 60, or 80 °C for 30, 15, and 6 days, respectively, in the dark or under 1,700 lux light. Oil oxidation was analyzed with peroxide values and conjugated dienoic acid contents, and tocopherols in the oil were separated and quantified by HPLC. The oxidation of sunflower oil was increased with temperature increase, and the light decreased the temperature dependence of the oil oxidation. Sunflower oil before oxidation contained tocopherols with a total of 737.96 mg/kg, with α- and γ-tocopherol at 726.41 and 11.56 mg/kg, respectively, and the tocopherol contents decreased during the oil oxidation. Degradation of tocopherols increased with the temperature increase, and its dependence on the temperature was lower under light than in the dark. γ-Tocopherol showed higher stability than α-tocopherol during oxidation of the oil in the dark and under light. Residual amounts of tocopherols showed a relatively good correlation with the degree of oil oxidation, and the dependence of α-tocopherol degradation on the oil oxidation was higher than that of γ-tocopherol, and light decreased the dependence on the oil oxidation in both tocopherols.     

我国润滑油氧化安定性试验方法标准及研究进展

将国内23项润滑油氧化安定性试验方法标准分为旋转氧弹法、氧化管法、设备模拟法和仪器分析法进行了归纳总结;概述了热失重分析仪、差示扫描量热仪、高效液相色谱测定仪和傅立叶变换红外光谱测定仪等现代分析仪器在润滑油安定性试验中的应用和研究进展情况。     

C9加氢油脱臭研究

采用分子筛吸附、三氯化铝催化聚合和酸性离子液体催化聚合法。对加氢油品中加氢深度不够残留的制臭烯烃进行了处理。结果表明,酸性离子液体催化聚合处理效果最好。可基本除去不饱和烯烃。并通过正交试验得到最优反应条件：催化剂用量摩尔分数3％,反应温度60℃,反应时间60min。     

焦化脱酚后剩余氨水中溶剂油的回收

焦化剩余氨水经预处理去除大量酚类、煤焦油等,预处理后剩余氨水仍含有少量的油类物质,在蒸氨时不断积累,如不分离这部分油类,则影响蒸氨运行,且造成苯系物损失。本文主要介绍了焦化剩余氨水预处理脱酚后溶剂油的回收工艺。实验表明,此工艺简单有效。