并流旋转床压降与传质特性的研究

利用水-空气系统对并流旋转床的气相压降进行了研究,并与逆流旋转床气相压降进行了对比。研究结果表明：并流较逆流旋转床的气相压降低;并流旋转床的气相压降随气体流量的增大而增大,随液体流量的增大而减小,随转速的增大明显降低;而逆流旋转床的气相压降随转速的增大明显升高。利用水吸收SO2的实验对并流旋转床的传质特性进行了研究。研究结果表明：并流旋转床填料层内各点的体积传质系数随着气体流量、液体流量和转速的增大而增大;填料层半径由70mm增大至90mm时,并流旋转床的体积传质系数迅速增大,而后并流旋转床的体积传质系数随半径的增大而减小。对并流和逆流旋转床填料层内体积传质系数进行了对比。结果表明：填料层半径由70mm增大至130mm时,并流旋转床的体积传质系数较逆流时大;当半径大于130mm后,逆流旋转床的体积传质系数大于并流旋转床的体积传质系数,且随半径增大而增大。根据研究结果,提出了降低系统压降的设想,即并流与逆流旋转床串联操作。     

新型分段进液式旋转填充床气相压降特性研究

作为一种新型过程强化设备,分段进液式旋转填充床充分利用端效应原理对液相进行有效分散和细化,进而强化混合及传递过程。今采用空气-水体系对新型分段进液式旋转填充床气相压降特性进行实验研究。考察转子转速、气体流量、液体流量对分段进液式旋转填充床气相压降的影响规律。实验研究结果表明,分段进液式旋转填充床气相压降随转子转速、气体流量的增大而增大。在低气体流量情况下,随液体流量的增大,气相压降变化不大;在高气体流量下,气相压降随着液体流量的增大而增大。同时,本研究还对转子尺寸大小与分段进液式旋转填充床相同的传统旋转填充床的压降进行了对比研究,结果表明在相同操作条件下分段进液式旋转填充床的压降与传统旋转填充床相比有明显下降。     

错流旋转填料床气相压降特性

旋转填料床的气相压降是旋转填料床应用和设计的一项重要指标。在气液两相错流流动条件下，利用空气-水系统对错流旋转填充床的气相压降进行分段模型化和实验研究。按照错流旋转填料床气体流动的路径将气相压降分为进口压降、填料层压降、集气段旋转动能转化压降和出气段压降。推导出压降与操作工况的关联式，其计算值与实测值吻合较好。实验表明错流旋转填料床的气相总压降与气体流量、旋转床转速、液体流量有关。在高转速和小气量的条件下，气相压降随气量增大先下降后上升；其他情况随气量增大而上升。错流旋转填料床气相压降随转速上升而下降，在小气量情况下转速对气相压降有明显影响。气相压降随进液量的增大而增大，当旋转填料床在低转速时进液量对气相压降有明显影响。     

泡沫陶瓷填料旋转填充床微观混合性能

采用碘化物-碘酸盐平行竞争反应为工作体系,以离集指数(XS)表征微观混合性能,实验考察了物料体积流量、H+浓度、旋转填充床转速、物料体积流量比等对两种不同孔径的新型整体泡沫陶瓷填料旋转填充床的微观混合性能的影响。结果表明,孔径较小的泡沫陶瓷填料更利于微观混合;H+浓度、进料体积流量比的增加会导致XS增加;而旋转填充床转速、进料流量的增大都可使XS下降。在实验研究的基础上,利用团聚模型计算泡沫陶瓷填料旋转填充床微观混合时间(tm),得到tm范围为0.385~8.55 ms。与传统不锈钢丝网填料对比,泡沫陶瓷填料tm最小值(0.385 ms)低于不锈钢丝网填料的tm最小值(1.6 ms),表明泡沫陶瓷填料的微观混合性能优于传统不锈钢丝网填料。     

新型填料结构旋转床流体力学特性

以空气-水为工作介质,研究了填料特性、超重力因子、气体流景和液体流量等对不同填料结构旋转床床层压降特性的影响.实验结果表明,离心压降、干床压降、湿床压降与填料的材质、板间距、空隙率等密切相关;床层压降随超重力因子、气体流量的增加而增大,与液体流量几乎无关;在相近的操作条件下,床层压降与文献报道丝网错流旋转床的相近,为逆流床的十分之一;运用最小二乘法对实验数据回归得出了干湿床压降的关联式,计算的干湿床压降与实验值的平均误差小于15%.     

泡沫陶瓷填料旋转填充床微观混合性能

采用碘化物-碘酸盐平行竞争反应为工作体系,以离集指数（X_S）表征微观混合性能,实验考察了物料体积流量、H⁺浓度、旋转填充床转速、物料体积流量比等对两种不同孔径的新型整体泡沫陶瓷填料旋转填充床的微观混合性能的影响。结果表明,孔径较小的泡沫陶瓷填料更利于微观混合;H⁺浓度、进料体积流量比的增加会导致X_S增加;而旋转填充床转速、进料流量的增大都可使X_S下降。在实验研究的基础上,利用团聚模型计算泡沫陶瓷填料旋转填充床微观混合时间（t_m）,得到t_m范围为0.385～8.55 ms。与传统不锈钢丝网填料对比,泡沫陶瓷填料t_m最小值（0.385 ms）低于不锈钢丝网填料的t_m最小值（1.6 ms）,表明泡沫陶瓷填料的微观混合性能优于传统不锈钢丝网填料。     

泡沫金属填料旋转床用于CO2的吸收

采用空气-CO2-NaOH体系,对泡沫金属填料旋转床的气相压降特性和CO2吸收特性进行研究,研究结果表明：泡沫金属填料旋转床的气相压降随转速和气量提高而增加,与液量的变化无关;体积传质系数（KGa）随转速的提高先增大后缓慢降低,随气量的增加几乎呈线性减小,随液量的增加而增加。与常见的金属丝网填料相比,泡沫金属填料具有动平衡性好、传质效率高、压降低等优点。     

旋转填料床中2种填料压降和传质特性的对比

分别以空气-水和磷酸钠溶液吸收模拟烟气中SO2为实验体系,对装填有θ环和波纹丝网填料的逆流旋转填料床压降和传质特性进行了对比研究,结果表明:在实验操作范围内,逆流旋转填料床的湿床压降随气量、超重力因子的增大而增大,受液量的影响很小;2种填料的湿床压降相差不大,且均低于750 Pa。2种填料的Kya均随喷淋密度、空床气速和超重力因子的增加而增大,当U=6 m3/(m2·h),u=0.73 m/s,β=85及更高的操作范围时,θ环填料的Kya比波纹丝填料高25%以上,说明θ环填料的传质性能明显优于波纹丝填料;最后得到装填θ环和波纹丝填料的旋转床湿床压降和体积传质系数的经验关联式。文中的研究结果对旋转填料床的设计和选型有重要意义。     

网板填料复合旋转床的流体力学与传质性能

开发了一种新型的气液接触设备——网板填料复合旋转床。常压下以空气-水物系和乙醇-水物系在网板填料复合旋转床中进行流体力学与传质性能实验,考察了气液流量和转子转速对网板填料复合旋转床压降和传质性能的影响。实验结果表明,气体流量和转子转速的增大均使干、湿床气相压降增大;液体流量的增加对湿床压降的影响不明显。回流量和转速的增加均使等板高度减少至一定值后几乎不变。网板填料复合旋转床具有通量大、效率高、压降小的特点。     

三角形螺旋填料旋转床全回流精馏性能研究

为了寻找强化气液传质过程的有效途径,自制了1套小型旋转填料床,床内填充了φ2mm×2mm三角形螺旋填料,以乙醇-水为实验物系,进行全回流精馏实验研究.实验结果表明:三角形螺旋填料旋转床存在一最佳转速nopt=1050r/min,当转速nnopt时,理论板数随液体流量和气体流量的增大而减小,且减小的很快.在nopt=1050r/min、液体流量L=14.7L/h、气体流量V=7.4m3/h时传质效果最好,每米填料相当于88块理论板,在适宜的转速范围内每米填料相当于62～88块理论板.三角形螺旋填料旋转床使传质过程得到极大强化,其传质效果比重力场三角形螺旋填料塔提高1倍左右.     

超重力烟气脱硫的实验研究

超重力旋转床(RPB)是一种高效强化传质的设备.以亚硫酸钠溶液为吸收剂,采用并流操作方式在 RPB 中进行了模拟烟气脱硫的实验研究,考察了吸收液中钠离子浓度、旋转床转子的转速、气液比(l=G/L)等工艺参数对二氧化硫脱除率的影响.实验结果表明:当钠离子浓度小于0.20 mol·L-1时.SO2的脱除率随钠离子浓度的升高...     

Mass transfer characteristics of liquid films flowing down a vertical wire in a counter current gas flow

The wetted-wire packing, mainly consisting of a bundle of vertical parallel wires, is a promising concept for the use in separation columns. To investigate the multiphase flow inside the packing in detail and to estimate the performance of the packing, experiments on liquid films on a single vertical wire in a counter current gas flow were carried out. To get information about the interfacial area, an optical measurement of the film thickness was carried out with a digital high speed camera and image recognition tools. By measuring the evaporation of water and aqueous polyvinylpyrrolidone solutions into air, the gas-side mass transfer was determined. The liquid-side mass transfer was examined by measuring the desorption of CO₂ from water into air. The results show that the mass transfer coefficients are comparable to those appearing in common structured packings. When assuming a sufficiently high wire packing density, a specific interfacial area similar to corrugated sheet structured packings can be reached. Previous studies predicted a low pressure drop per packing height and extended capacity limits compared to common packings. In consideration of these results, the wetted wire packing therefore is shown to be suitable especially for absorption processes where a low pressure drop is favourable.     

Modeling of gas–liquid flow in a rotating packed bed using an Eulerian multi-fluid approach

Rotating packed beds (RPBs) are ideal candidates for CO₂ removal from offshore natural gas due to their good mass transfer performance and significant volume savings. This article proposes an Eulerian multi-fluid approach to simulate the gas–liquid flow in RPBs. Three new multiphase drag force models are constructed based on single-phase drag force models for wire mesh packings. Based on the Eulerian multi-fluid approach, a new RPB simulation framework is developed. The predicted results using the new simulation framework with the new drag force models are compared with the experimental data. When using the Kołodziej model and the modified Kołodziej model, the predicted overall liquid holdup shows good agreement with the experimental data with errors less than 20%. In addition, the pressure drop predicted by these three models are reasonable compared with the experimental data. This work lays a foundation for RPB simulation of gas–liquid flow using Eulerian multi-fluid approach.     

Research and development of advanced structured packing in a rotating packed bed

As the core component of the rotating packing bed, packing is a place for efficient gas–liquid mixing and mass transfer. In this paper, a 3D structured packing composed of a mesh structure and a support structure was designed. The mesh structure is a ring-shaped mesh surrounded by triangular meshes, which is stable in structure and can achieve a high degree of dispersion and aggregation of the liquid phase. The support structure is composed of ring-shaped structural units arranged at a certain angle along the axial direction, which can enhance the turbulence of the airflow while constructing regular gas-phase channels. Circumferential steel meshes of different diameters and supporting structures are alternately combined to form 3D packing, which is loaded in a layered cross-flow rotating packing bed. The results show that under the same operating conditions, the mass transfer performance of 3D packing and wire mesh packing are equivalent, and both are better than pall ring packing. Moreover, the pressure drop of 3D packing is significantly lower than that of pall ring packing and wire mesh packing. The design and implementation of packing the development presented in this paper can be used to develop special structured packing for rotating bed, which can further improve the performance of rotating packed bed (RPB).     

Evaluation of a rotating packed bed equipped with blade packings for methanol and 1-butanol removal

Absorption removal of methanol and 1-butanol from gaseous streams with water was investigated in the RPB equipped with blade packings. The removal efficiency (E) of methanol and 1-butanol was found to increase with the RPB speed and the liquid flow rate but decrease with the gas flow rate. Also, the overall volumetric gas-side mass transfer coefficient (K_Ga) for methanol and 1-butanol absorption was observed to increase with the RPB speed, the gas flow rate, and the liquid flow rate. According to the obtained dependence of K_Ga on the gas and liquid flow rates, the mass transfer in methanol and 1-butanol absorption was observed to be controlled primarily by the gas-side mass transfer. Furthermore, the height of a transfer unit (HTU) for methanol and 1-butanol absorption decreased with the RPB speed and the liquid flow rate but increased with the gas flow rate. The obtained results demonstrated that mass transfer efficiency of the RPB equipped with blade packing was comparable to that of a hollow fiber absorber. Consequently, the RPB equipped with blade packings has a great potential in the removal of alkanols from the exhausted gases.     

超重力旋转填料床中柠檬酸钠缓冲液吸收二氧化硫(英文)

Absorption of SO2 from a SO2/air mixture with sodium citrate buffer solution was investigated using a rotating packed bed(RPB) in laboratory scale.The effects of operating parameters,such as the rotation speed of RPB,liquid-gas ratio,inlet gas flow rate,inlet concentration of SO2 in flue gas,sodium citrate buffer concentration and initial pH of absorption solution,on the SO2 concentration in the absorption solution or removal efficiency of SO2 were examined.Incremental rate of sulfate radical ions in the absorption solution was also examined.Experimental results indicate that the efficiency of this regenerative process will be improved by using RPB under appropriate operating conditions,and the generation of SO2-4 will be restrained in the process in RPB.     

Mass transfer performance of a rotating packed bed equipped with blade packings in removing methanol and 1-butanol from gaseous streams

The removal of methanol and 1-butanol from gaseous streams by absorption with water was investigated in the RPB equipped with blade packings. The overall volumetric gas-phase mass transfer coefficient (K_Ga) for methanol and 1-butanol absorption was observed to increase with the rotational speed, the gas flow rate, and the liquid flow rate. Also, the local volumetric gas-phase mass transfer coefficient (k_Ga) was estimated, and then the portion of the total resistance to mass transfer in gas phase was determined. The result indicated that more than 90% of the total resistance to mass transfer in methanol and 1-butanol absorption was found to be due to the gas phase. Comparison with the conventional packed tower demonstrated that mass transfer efficiency in the RPB equipped with blade packing was higher than that in the conventional packed tower. Consequently, the RPB equipped with blade packings would be an excellent absorber for the removal of alkanols from the exhausted gases.     

翅片导流板填料应用于旋转填料床的特性

For an alcohol/water system and with fin baffle packing, continuous distillation experiments were carried out in a rotating packed bed (RPB) system at atmospheric pressure. The effects of the average high gravity factor (β), liquid reflux ratio (R) and feedstock flux (F) on the momentum transfer and mass transfer were investigated. The gas phase pressure drop of RPB increased with the average high gravity factor, liquid reflux ratio and feedstock flux, which was 13.55-64.37 Pa at β of 2.01-51.49, R of 1.0-2.5, and F of 8-24 L&;#8226;h－1 for a theoretical tray in the RPB with fin baffle packing. The investigation on the mass transfer in the RPB with different packings showed that the number of transfer units of RPB with a packing also increased with the average high gravity factor, reflux ratio and feedstock flux. It is found that the fin baffle packing (packing III) presents the best mass transfer performance and lowest pressure drop for the height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP), which is 6.59-9.84 mm.     

VOCs absorption in rotating packed beds equipped with blade packings

This work investigated the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal efficiency of the RPB equipped with blade packings using absorption. Methanol, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl acetate were used as the model VOCs herein. The VOCs removal efficiency (E) was observed to increase with the rotational speed and the liquid flow rate but decrease with the gas flow rate. Moreover, methanol absorption provided the largest E values owing to that the solubility of methanol in water was the highest among three VOCs, implying that the centrifugal force induced from the RPB equipped with blade packings did not affect the thermodynamic property of VCOs. In addition, when the gas flow rate was 50 L/min, the highest E values for methanol, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl acetate absorption were 89.8, 77.6, and 68.9, respectively. Consequently, the RPB equipped with blade packings would be more applicable to the removal of more soluble VOCs from gaseous streams of huge flow rate.