共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
以异丙醇为分散剂,在碱性介质中一氯乙酸(MCA)和魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)反应制备了系列羧甲基魔芋葡甘聚糖(CMKGM)。研究了反应时间、反应温度、MCA和NaOH用量等因素对取代度及反应率的影响,优化反应条件为:n(KGM)∶n(MCA)∶n(NaOH)=1∶1∶2,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为4 h,反应率可达90%;将制得的CMKGM用环氧氯丙烷交联,并将其用于吸附水溶液中的Pb2+。结果表明,交联羧甲基魔芋葡甘聚糖能有效吸附水中的Pb2+,当取代度(DS)为0.568,Pb2+起始质量浓度为300 mg/L时,吸附容量为29.19 mg/g,去除率仍高达97.3%。 相似文献
2.
阳离子魔芋葡甘聚糖的制备与表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(HAT)为阳离子醚化剂,天然魔芋精粉为原料,异丙醇为分散剂制得系列季铵盐阳离子魔芋葡甘聚糖(CKGM)。研究了HAT、催化剂NaOH、反应温度和反应时间对阳离子取代度(DS)的影响,用元素分析仪测定了CKGM的取代度。确定较佳反应条件为:反应温度50℃,反应时间2 h,n(HAT)∶n(魔芋葡甘聚糖)∶n(NaOH)=1.5∶1∶2,DS为0.361,反应率为24.1%,并用FTIR1、HNMR和13CNMR进行了表征。 相似文献
3.
魔芋葡甘聚糖在离子液体中的均相乙酰化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
魔芋葡甘聚糖在新型离子液体1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑盐酸盐(AMIMCL)中,在无催化剂的条件下,通过乙酸酐成功均相合成了乙酰化魔芋葡甘聚糖。探讨了反应时间、反应温度和乙酸酐与魔芋葡甘聚糖中羟基的摩尔比对取代度的影响。在反应时间为0.75h、反应温度为80℃、乙酸酐与魔芋葡甘聚糖中羟基的摩尔比为6∶1时,取代度可达到最大值2.15。采用FTIR、1HNMR和13CNMR对乙酰化产物的结构进行分析表征,结果表明,乙酰化反应成功进行。同时对不同取代度的产物在不同溶剂中的溶解能力进行了测试。 相似文献
4.
5.
用过氧化氢(H2O2)对魔芋葡甘聚糖进行氧化改性,探讨了不同料液比、pH值、温度、H2O2加入量及反应时间对氧化反应的影响,得到最佳的反应条件为料液比为1∶4、pH为7.5、反应温度为45℃、H2O2加入量为2.4%、反应时间为4 h;改性魔芋葡甘聚糖水溶胶非牛顿行为显著降低,溶胶粘度稳定性及酸碱稳定性大幅提高. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
以江苏盱眙提纯凹凸棒石为原料,魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)为基体,采用共混法制备了凹凸棒石/魔芋葡甘聚糖纳米复合材料.利用傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)和热重分析(TG)手段对材料进行了表征.力学性能测试结果表明,改性凹凸棒石适量的引入,能提高复合材料的力学性能.纳米复合材料制备的较佳条件为:季铵盐用量为凹凸棒石用量的12%,改性时间为120 min,改性温度为85℃,改性凹凸棒石的填充量为魔芋质量的0.04%,增塑剂甘油的用量为魔芋质量的0.09%.FTIR表明:增塑剂甘油的加入,并未影响复合材料的结构.复合材料的热稳定性高于KGM薄膜. 相似文献
9.
羧甲基葡甘聚糖的制备 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
葡甘聚糖经羧甲基化改性后,其溶解性、抗潮性、成膜性能等明显改善,可用作空心胶囊的囊材。通过正交试验,得出了葡甘聚糖羧甲基化改性作囊材的最佳反应条件:6g魔芋精粉,6g氯乙酸,1.2g碘化钾,70℃水浴反应4h,所得产物的取代度为0.571。研究了改性后羧甲基葡甘聚糖的理化性能。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
13.
Blend films from carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan and sodium alginate in different ratios were prepared by blending 4 wt % sodium alginate aqueous solution with 2 wt % konjac glucomannan aqueous solution. After crosslinking with 5 wt % calcium chloride aqueous solution, the blend films formed a structure of semi‐interpenetrating networks. The structure and physical properties of both uncrosslinked and crosslinked films were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectra (FTIR), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and tensile tests. The results indicated that the mechanical properties and the thermal stability of the films were improved by blending sodium alginate with carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan due to the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between sodium alginate and carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan. The crosslinked blend films with Ca2+, compared with uncrosslinked blend films, exhibited further improved physical properties due to the formation of a semi‐IPN structure. Furthermore, the degree of swelling of the crosslinked films was also investigated. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 2554–2560, 2002 相似文献
14.
In this article, a new degradable thermoplastic konjac glucomannan (TKGM) was synthesized by graft copolymerization of vinyl acetate and methyl acrylate onto konjac glucomannan (KGM). Melt blending of polylactide (PLA) and TKGM has been performed in an effort to improve the processing and comprehensive mechanical properties of PLA and TKGM without compromising its degradability and biocompatibility. The miscibility, processing rheology, phase morphology, thermal properties, interaction, crystallization and mechanical properties of PLA/TKGM blends were investigated in detail. The thermal processing property of PLA/TKGM blend (60/40) was quite close to low density polyethylene (LDPE). As observed from the tan δ curves in dynamic mechanical analysis, all of the blends exhibit a single glass transition over the entire composition range, indicating that the blends were thermodynamically miscible. The TKGM exhibited a relatively broad endothermic peak at around 120 °C, which was lower than that of KGM. And an obvious glass-transition behavior was obtained around 26.6 °C. Furthermore, the PLA/TKGM blend (60/40) had a very high elongation at break of 234.8%, while the tensile strength remained as high as 36.5 MPa. And the PLA/TKGM blend (20/80) resulted in an even greater ductility with an elongation at break of 520.5% as compared with 14.1% for pure PLA. A substantial increase in the non-notched impact strength was also observed with the PLA/TKGM blend (20/80) demonstrating two times the impact strength of pure PLA. 相似文献
15.
16.
Zhi‐Gang Chen Min‐Hua Zong Guang‐Ji Li 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2006,81(7):1225-1231
A comparative study was made of lipase‐catalyzed acylation of konjac glucomannan (KGM) with vinyl acetate as the acyl donor in five ionic liquids (ILs) and also in the presence of the organic solvent tert‐butanol (t‐BuOH). An obvious enhancement in enzyme activity and stability was observed using ILs as the reaction media when compared with t‐BuOH. The maximum degree of substitution (DS) of the modified KGM in ILs and t‐BuOH under the conditions employed is 0.71 and 0.54, respectively. The water activity (aw) of the reaction system affected the acylation of KGM to some extent. 1‐Butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (C4MIm.BF4) was the best IL medium for the reaction, and an aw of 0.75 was optimum. It was also found that the nature of both the cation and the anion of ILs had an effect on the reaction. Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized on an acrylic resin (Novozym 435) displayed no acylation activity to KGM in 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (C4MIm.Cl). The optimum reaction temperature for enzymatic acylation in ILs was shown to be 45‐55 °C. Enzymatic acylation of KGM in IL‐t‐BuOH co‐solvent systems was also investigated. When an appropriate amount of t‐BuOH was added to ILs, the DS of the modified KGM was enhanced. Additionally, the enzymatic acylation of KGM in all the media examined was shown to be regioselective, with acylation occurring predominantly at the C‐6‐OH. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
17.
魔芋葡甘聚糖在生物材料领域的应用研究进展 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
在介绍葡甘聚糖特性的基础上评述了魔芋葡甘聚糖在固定化载体、亲和层析载体、生物膜材料、外科医用材料及药物缓释材料等生物材料领域的应用研究进展,指出了葡甘聚糖在生物材料领域应用研究中尚需解决的问题和潜在的应用前景. 相似文献