共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 296 毫秒
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采用偏光显微镜对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)及聚酯嵌段共聚物聚丁二酸丁二醇酯-b-聚乙二醇(PBS-b-PEG)在不同外场环境下的结晶形态进行研究。结果表明:在等温结晶过程中,PBS及PBS-b-PEG的球晶尺寸及形貌同结晶温度和时间密切相关,PBS在90℃等温结晶2 h后可形成明显的环带球晶形态;PBS及PBS-b-PEG在水环境下等温结晶,水起到成核剂的作用,使球晶尺寸细化,球晶形貌发生改变;超声振动作用具有使PBS球晶尺寸细化作用,而对PBS-b-PEG结晶影响较小。 相似文献
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采用XP-201热台偏光显微镜研究了对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)合金等温结晶时的结晶形态及影响因素。研究结果表明:随着等温结晶温度的升高,PET/PTT(40/60)合金的结晶诱导期变长;在观察的时间范围内各样品的球晶尺寸随着时间的延长而增大;随着PTT含量的增加,样品球晶的线生长速率增大,球晶尺寸增大;对比不同温度下等温结晶的球晶形态,PET/PTT(100/0)样品在190℃结晶时球晶尺寸最大, PET/PTT(40/60)样品和PET/PTT(100/0)样品在180℃结晶时球晶尺寸最大; PET/PTT(0/100)样品等温结晶时呈现出了复杂的条带球晶。 相似文献
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超声波处理对羟基磷灰石结晶形貌的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
常压下用湿化学沉淀法经过超声处理制备羟基磷灰石 (hydroxyapatite,HA)纳米针状晶。实验中以Ca(NO3) 2 ·4H2 O和 (NH4) 2 ·HPO4为原料 ,去离子水为溶剂 ,氨水为pH调节剂。通过TEM ,XRD和IR分析 ,研究了不同工艺条件下超声处理对HA晶体形态和尺寸的影响。试验表明 :超声处理可引起HA晶体的形状和尺寸的变化 ,针状晶沿长径方向都有所增长 ,晶簇更加明显。与高温下烧结的HA相比 ,这些晶体表现出一种弱结晶的磷灰石结构 相似文献
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利用差示扫描量热仪研究了聚乳酸(PLA)在常压下的等温冷结晶行为,并用偏光显微镜观测了不同温度下等温结晶100 min的PLA样品的结晶形态;以二氧化碳(CO2)为介质,利用高压釜在5 MPa压力、不同温度下制备了冷结晶过程中的等温结晶100 min的PLA样品,分别利用偏光显微镜和广角X射线衍射仪对比了常压和CO2作用下PLA产生的球晶形态和晶型结构。结果表明,CO2对PLA有显著的增塑作用,可以增强PLA分子链的活性,使其在较低的温度下发生冷结晶;与常压相比,PLA在CO2作用下冷结晶形成的球晶尺寸减小球晶数量增加球晶完善程度提高,但最终结晶度降低。 相似文献
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利用超声波振动制备了不同尺寸的β成核剂二环己基对苯二甲酰胺(DCHT), 并加入到等规聚丙烯(iPP)中。通过改变不同尺寸成核剂的含量研究成核剂尺寸对iPP力学性能、β晶型的含量和iPP的超分子结构的影响。结果表明,β成核剂的尺寸可以影响DCHT在iPP中的溶解度,因而β晶体的晶体形态随之改变。随着DCHT含量的增加,"花状"晶和穿晶两种晶体形态相应产生。因此可以推断,在同一种晶体形态下,β晶型的含量会决定iPP的韧性。但当晶体形态不同时,形态是主要决定因素。 相似文献
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The pretreatment and saccharification process of lignocellulose were subjected to ultrasonic waves to enhance the saccharification rate. The morphology, structure and crystal performance of the original and treated lignocellulose samples were characterized by SEM and FTIR. Moreover, the effect of different pretreatment methods on the structure of the raw materials and the influence of ultrasonic waves on the saccharification rate, were studied. SEM photographs show that the surface conformation of the granulated raw material is not changed, because the energy of the ultrasonic vibration is too low to cause changes to its structure. A FTIR spectrum shows that the ultrasonically assisted alkali pretreatment effectively destroys the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of lignocellulose and decreases its crystallinity. The catalytic efficiency of cellulase was increased by 70 % under ultrasonic treatment. Therefore, the ultrasonically assisted alkali pretreatment can improves the degradation rate of lignin and the saccharification rate of zymohydrolysis. The mechanism of the effect of ultrasonic waves on the enzymatic catalysis process is also discussed in detail. 相似文献
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The ultrasound‐assisted transformation of calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) to calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD) was studied using three ultrasonic power settings. In addition to continuously measuring the variation in the conductivity value with time, the process was followed by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared, mass spectrometry, and filtration analyses helped to determine the physicochemical properties of the as‐obtained crystals. The morphological changes in the surface morphology were observed by SEM. The experimental results indicate that ultrasonic irradiation and its intensity have a significant effect on the crystal size, morphology, adsorption, and filtration characteristics. Mandelic acid in combination with ultrasonic irradiation can be used as an accelerator for the transformation process from CSH to CSD. 相似文献
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Particle Size Control and Crystal Habit Modification of Phenacetin Using Ultrasonic Crystallization 下载免费PDF全文
Power ultrasound is applied for cooling crystallization to control and modify the particle size and crystal habit of an active pharmaceutical ingredient, phenacetin. Operating parameters including sonication intensity and duration, solution concentration, and cooling rate are studied and compared. With respect to mean particle size, the effect of sonication intensity is most significant. In addition, the crystal habit of recrystallized phenacetin is modified substantially and shows an elliptic shape. Recrystallized phenacetin also provides an enhanced dissolution rate compared with the original sample. These results prove that ultrasonic crystallization is an efficient tool for controlling the solid‐state properties of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. 相似文献
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分别在超声波和无超声波条件下,制备了镍镀层。通过镍镀层硬度测试、金相组织观察和镀层内应力的测定,分析了超声波条件下镍镀层硬度提高的影响因素。实验结果表明:增加超声波功率,导致镀层硬度增大。在超声波作用下,镍镀层的晶粒细小,镀层呈现压应力状态。镍镀层晶粒细化、加工硬化和存在压应力是超声波电镀镍层硬度提高的主要因素。 相似文献
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目前,超声波是一种在工业中广泛应用的技术,可以用于油田管道的污垢清理。为了更加深入研究超声波除碳酸钙垢的效果,有必要探究超声波的参数对除垢率的影响。在实验室条件下,组装了一套超声波除垢设备,通过改变超声波的频率、辐照时间和辐照温度,分别处理Q235钢制挂片上的碳酸钙垢,采用处理前和处理后挂片质量差的方法来评价除垢效果。实验结果表明在频率为28 kHz、辐照时间为10 min和辐照温度为40℃的条件下,超声波除碳酸钙垢能力强、效果好。因此,优选出超声波不同参数之间的组合对提高除碳酸钙垢率至关重要。 相似文献