压缩机缓蚀剂新型注入方式的应用

介绍了裂解气压缩机注水对压缩机段间换热器的腐蚀危害,分析了腐蚀产生的原因以及HK-1516型压缩机缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理及其在中韩石化乙烯装置中裂解气压缩机的新型注入方式。通过对缓蚀剂注入前后段间工艺凝液的pH值和总铁含量对比分析,pH值稳定在6~8,总铁含量下降至5mg/L,有效地抑制了换热器腐蚀的发生。裂解气压缩机状态监测显示缓蚀剂的新型注入方式没有对机组叶轮和级间密封造成损坏。     

裂解气压缩机组透平叶片结垢原因的分析

大庆石化公司化工一厂老区裂解气压缩机组EC-351、EC-301是裂解装置生产的核心机组,由压力为10．5MPa的蒸汽作为透平驱动,EC-301机组透平抽汽并入S40蒸汽管网,EC-351机组透平抽汽并入S10蒸汽管网,其余蒸汽经复水器后凝液并入CC凝液管网送回动力车间,二台机组的上次检修时间分别为：EC-351是2004年6月检修;EC-301是2006年9月检修。     

新型缓蚀剂在裂解气压缩系统中的应用

裂解原料在裂解过程中会有大量的酸性物质产生,这些酸性物质夹杂在裂解气含水凝液中体现出较高的酸性,导致裂解气压缩系统各吸入罐、中间冷却器、管线等设备出现损害,金属壁厚度减薄,对安全生产造成严重隐患。为调整碱洗塔之前的各压缩机段间罐凝液的pH值,燕化乙烯从急冷水塔塔顶气相线注入一种新型缓蚀剂,替代原试剂,监测压缩系统FA-204罐内凝液的pH值。从新试剂注入效果看,FA-204罐内凝液的pH值基本控制在6以上,且pH值波动范围较小,克服了注入原试剂中存在的问题。同时加强腐蚀监测,达到了压缩系统安全平稳生产和长周期运行的目的。     

压缩机防护剂在乙烯装置上的应用与研究

介绍了乙烯装置裂解气压缩机段间换热器凝液酸性腐蚀原因,以及HK1516A型防护剂的缓蚀机理及其在兰州石化公司460 kt/a乙烯装置中的应用效果。通过防护剂使用前后裂解气压缩机段间凝液pH值和铁离子含量的对比,可看出使用防护剂后,段间凝液的pH值显著升高,铁离子含量明显下降,有效抑制了段间凝液的腐蚀。     

前脱乙烷流程乙烯装置的凝液汽提工艺研究

在百万吨级前脱乙烷流程的乙烯装置裂解气压缩机工艺系统中进行了凝液汽提工艺的研究。模拟计算了凝液汽提塔在裂解气压缩机第五段出口时裂解气压缩、分离和制冷系统的变化情况,考察了该塔塔压的变化对这些系统的影响。研究结果表明,应用凝液汽提塔可降低脱乙烷塔塔底温度13℃以上,当凝液汽提塔塔压与裂解气压缩机第四段吸入口压力平衡时,综合能耗最低。建议在新建前脱乙烷流程的乙烯装置时应用凝液汽提塔,并将它设置在裂解气压缩机第五段出口。     

凝液汽提塔在乙烯装置前脱乙烷流程中的应用探讨

在百万吨级前脱乙烷流程的乙烯装置裂解气压缩机工艺系统中进行了凝液汽提工艺的研究。模拟计算了凝液汽提塔在裂解气压缩机第四与五段之间时裂解气压缩、分离和制冷系统的变化情况,考察了该塔塔压的变化对这些系统的影响。研究结果表明,应用凝液汽提塔可降低脱乙烷塔塔底温度13℃以上,减少低压蒸汽消耗量,不会增加乙烯制冷压缩机的功率,但增加裂解气压缩机和丙烯制冷压缩机的功率,使综合能耗有所上升;凝液汽提塔塔压对低压蒸汽消耗量的影响较大,而对裂解气压缩机、丙烯和乙烯制冷压缩机的功率影响较小,当塔压为0．9MPa时,综合能耗最低。当凝液汽提塔被设置在裂解气压缩机第四与五段之间时,不建议在新建前脱乙烷流程的乙烯装置中应用它。     

裂解气压缩机段间蒸出塔塔压控制和塔釜泵抽空的原因分析

本文介绍了裂解气压缩机段间凝液的处理形式，详细论述了凝液蒸出塔塔压控制方案的选择，并叙述了我厂选择的控制方案，还对高压凝液蒸出塔塔釜泵抽空的现象进行了详细的分析，并提出改进建议，取得了良好的运行效果。     

裂解气压缩机段间换热器腐蚀原因分析及对策

通过对独山子石化百万吨乙烯装置裂解气压缩机四段出口换热器腐蚀原因的分析,确定造成腐蚀的原因是裂解气凝液中含酸性物质,对碳钢设备具有腐蚀作用,通过加注缓蚀剂等措施,消除了腐蚀,延长了换热器的运行周期。     

Aspen Plus对Unipol工艺聚乙烯装置回收系统的优化

利用Aspen Plus软件对Unipol工艺聚乙烯装置回收系统进行优化。在受压缩机处理能力、冰机制冷能力和总的冷剂流量的限制条件下,合理分配高低压侧的冷剂流量,得到最大的回收凝液量。同时,提出向冷剂中加入缓蚀剂,减缓冷凝器的腐蚀,保证换热效率。     

裂解气压缩机段间换热器泄漏原因分析及防范措施

通过对裂解气压缩机EC-301三段出口换热器泄漏原因的分析,找到了引起泄漏的原因在于换热器管束的腐蚀。造成管束腐蚀原因是压缩机注水量过大及喷嘴雾化效果差,导致大量的水随裂解气进入段间换热器造成的冲刷、酸性腐蚀。通过降低注水量、更换喷嘴及加注中和缓释剂等措施,消除了腐蚀现象,延长了换热器的运行周期。     

催化稳定液化气冷却器管束泄漏分析

中国石油大学（华东）山东石大科技集团有限公司催化装置稳定液化气冷却器开工投用3个月出现泄漏，对生产造成了较大的影响。文章从生产工艺和设备本身等角度对其损坏原因进行了详细分析并提出了相应的对策。     

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in neutral aqueous solution by new triazole derivatives

Selected triazole derivatives have been synthesised and evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in natural aqueous environment by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarisation and ac impedance methods. All the condensed products showed good inhibition efficiency (IE). The effect of changing functional groups of some triazole derivatives on their inhibition efficiency was also reported using weight loss and potentiodynamic technique. 3-Salicylalidene amino-1,2,4-triazole phosphonate (SATP) was found to be the best corrosion inhibitor compare to the other compounds. Surface analysis was carried out to establish the mechanism of corrosion inhibition of mild steel in neutral aqueous media.     

电吸附法处理炼化反渗透浓水脱盐研究

采用电吸附法对反渗透浓水进行处理,先研究了不同盐含量、电压、流量、初始pH等因素对NaCl模拟水去除效果的影响,得出适宜参数,再分别通过单级和多级电吸附法处理反渗透浓水,分析脱盐效果。结果表明,NaCl模拟水在初始电导率为2 mS/cm时,pH为7.56、电压1.8 V、体积流量10 mL/min时处理效果最优,单级脱盐率达到17.18%;反渗透浓水在初始电导率为2 mS/cm时,以pH为7.17、电压为1.8 V、体积流量为10 mL/min时处理,单级脱盐率达到15.86%,经过3级处理后脱盐率达到了46.02%。     

尿素装置中压吸收系统操作条件的优化

对水溶液全循环法尿素装置中一吸外冷器液相组分进行了推导计算,介绍了传统中压吸收系统的操作情况,提出了高负荷条件下中压吸收系统的最佳操作方法,对实际生产应用情况进行了总结。     

CHAMOMILE (Matricaria recutita) EXTRACT AS A CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR MILD STEEL IN HYDROCHLORIC ACID SOLUTION

The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution by chamomile (Matricaria recutita) extract (CE) was investigated through electrochemical (polarization, EIS) and surface analysis (optical microscopy/AFM/SEM) techniques. The effects of inhibitor concentration, temperature, and pH were evaluated. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated and adsorption studies were carried out. Finally, the surface morphology was investigated. The electrochemical studies showed that CE acts as a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor with predominantly anodic behavior. CE was adsorbed physically on the metal surface and obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. It impeded the corrosion processes by changing the activation energy. In the presence of CE, the metal surface was more uniform than the surface in the absence of inhibitor. Maximum inhibition efficiency (IE) was 93.28%, which was obtained at 22°C in 7.2 g/L of inhibitor in 1 M HCl solution.     

己内酰胺装置制硝酸工艺中NO_x气体冷却冷凝器腐蚀探讨

针对制硝工艺中NOx 气体冷却冷凝器腐蚀问题进行了原因分析探讨 ,并提出相应的改进措施 ,取得明显效果     

Corrosion inhibition of steel using mesoporous silica nanocontainers incorporated in the polypyrrole

Mesoporous silica nanocontainer powders were applied as corrosion inhibitor hosts. These powders were dispersed in the polypyrrole matrix by electropolymerization technique. The protection properties of these composite coatings with and without inhibitor were studied in 2 g dm⁻³ chloride ion solutions at constant pH. Open circuit potential (OCP), inductive coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that the substrates were protected due to the release of corrosion inhibitor from mesoporous silica in the chloride media compared to the coatings without corrosion inhibitor. The released corrosion inhibitor reacted with substrate and made a protective phase during corrosion. This phase can heal the corroded area as a self-healing compound.     

The influence of pH on corrosion inhibitor selection for 2024-T3 aluminium alloy assessed by high-throughput multielectrode and potentiodynamic testing

This paper complements our recently published work on the development of a high-throughput scanning technique for corrosion inhibitors named multielectrode. The multielectrode set-up, fully described in the previous work, combines nine pairs of different metals in a single multi-metal electrode configuration. In the working procedure a fixed potential is applied between identical metallic electrodes while immersed in an inhibitor solution, without the use of a reference electrode. The current flowing between the electrodes is measured and the combined electrochemical response of the anodic and cathodic reactions, with and without inhibitor, is then characterized. The methodology allows approximately 30 electrochemical experiments to be performed per hour, the rapid identification of inhibitors able to protect different metals, and the rapid detection of the optimal inhibitor concentration.The present work evaluates the influence of solution pH on the anticorrosion performance of three different inhibitors (CeCl₃, Ce(dbp)₃ and K₂Cr₂O₇) on 2024-T3 aluminium alloy (AA2024-T3) by means of conventional potentiodynamic polarization analysis and the multielectrode technique reported previously. The usefulness of the high-throughput multielectrode technique to detect the influence of the solution pH on the anticorrosive performance of different inhibitors has been studied and its correlation with traditional potentiodynamic polarization testing evaluated. The possible reasons for non-correlation between techniques are studied, and those considered important, highlighted. The combined dependence of corrosion inhibition on factors including pH, inhibitor type, and metal cross-contamination was also investigated showing that the multielectrode is a robust technique to detect efficiency changes due to pH variations.     

SNAM装置汽提塔冷却器结垢原因分析及除垢方法研究

塔里木油田石化分公司引进的SNAM尿素生产工艺中,使用的工艺冷凝液汽提塔冷却器为一板式换热器。在使用过程中发现结垢比较严重,且结垢周期比较短,需要经常拆卸清洗。这不仅影响正常生产,还可能会造成换热器使用性能的下降。在检修中拆开换热器板片,发现结垢严重部分为冷侧,刮取板片上的污垢,通过X射线衍射仪和X射线荧光光谱仪分析,发现样品中所含主要化合物为石英(SiO2)、方解石(CaCO3)、磷酸钙(Ca3(PO4)2)以及MgCO3。分析了结垢成因,并提出了清洗换热器的措施。