硫化矿捕收剂的研究进展

综述了硫化矿捕收剂的合成及浮选应用,混合捕收剂与组合用药的应用现状,捕收剂在硫化矿表面的作用机理。研究捕收剂分子结构和它们与矿物表面的作用机理,为硫化矿物新药剂的分子设计、开发与应用提供了理论指导。     

非硫化矿捕收剂的研究进展

综述了非硫化矿捕收剂的合成及应用现状,以及捕收剂在矿物表面的作用机理,重点介绍了羟肟酸和阳离子反浮选捕收剂的应用。研究捕收剂与矿物表面的作用机理,为非硫化矿新药剂的开发和应用提供理论指导。     

矿物加工用表面活性剂

作为捕收剂使用的表面活性剂在矿物加工中是最重要的浮选药剂。它们分为含硫表面活性剂和不含硫表面活性剂,分別用于硫化矿和非硫化矿的浮选。本文回顾了表面活性剂在矿物浮选发展中的地位和作用,介绍了表面活性剂在浮选工作中的应用现状以及表面活性剂的性质对其浮选性能的影响。     

矿物加工用表面活性剂

作为捕收剂使用的表面活性剂在矿物加工中是最重要的浮选药剂。它们分为含硫表面活性剂和不含硫表面活性剂，分别用于硫化矿和非硫化矿的浮选。本文回顾了表面活性剂在矿物浮选发展中的地位和作用，介绍了表面活性剂在浮选工作中的应用现状以及表面活性剂的性质对其浮选性能的影响。     

一种新型螯合剂在铝土矿浮选分离中的应用

合成了含有单羧基和双羟肟基的新型螫合捕收剂HAD。研究了其对一水硬铝石和铝硅酸盐矿物的浮选行为及浮选机理。结果表明,该捕收剂在中性条件下能有效分离一水硬铝石与铝硅酸盐矿物。作用机理可能是HAD中-COOH和-CONHOH的O原子之间协作与一水硬铝石表面Al点形成螯合物而发生化学吸附,在铝硅酸盐矿物表面主要发生的是物理吸附。     

羟肟酸的合成表征及其在浮选中的应用

羟肟酸作为一种新型高效捕收剂得到了广泛应用,有着广阔的发展前景。文章从羟肟酸的合成方法、表征分析等方面进行了综述,分析了羟肟酸捕收剂与矿物表面的作用机理与研究方法。另外,还介绍了药剂的同分异构体原理以及混合药剂的协同作用,展望了新型螯合捕收剂的研究和应用前景。     

典型氧化铜铅锌矿物浮选的表面硫化研究进展

近年来随着硫化矿石资源的枯竭,氧化矿石资源的开发利用越来越受到关注。工业上普遍使用硫化浮选来回收氧化铜铅锌矿物资源,硫化是该工艺的关键环节。本文简述了5种典型的氧化矿物,分析了硫化的作用,重点综述了氧化矿物表面硫化机理及其影响因素的研究进展。指出氧化矿物的硫化过程包括化学吸附和化学反应两个阶段,硫离子在矿物表面吸附后,与氧化矿物反应生成金属硫化物层进而活化浮选;矿浆pH与温度、硫化时间、硫化剂用量及其添加方式、金属离子和矿物自身特征等多种因素能显著影响氧化矿物的硫化反应,且各因素之间可能存在交互影响;通过添加某些药剂可以强化氧化矿物的表面硫化,能提高硫化反应的速率与程度,或增大硫化产物的机械强度。分析认为目前表面硫化的一些影响因素及强化硫化的机制仍不清楚,应通过多学科交叉、原位表征技术和计算机模拟等手段加强研究,从而更好地指导生产;同时利用3种手段也是浮选研究的发展方向和必然要求。     

捕收剂和起泡剂作用机理分析

分析了不同种类捕收剂、起泡剂的作用机理;通过分析捕收剂与起泡剂的相互作用方式,得出捕收剂的用量对气泡稳定性有直接影响,起泡剂用量不同时,对矿粒表面的亲水性和疏水性影响效果不同;另外,起泡剂还可促使捕收剂在矿浆中乳化分散,充分发挥其捕收性能。     

浮选药剂的国内外研究综述

本文参考了近20年来国内外有代表性的浮选药剂应用研究。简要总结了硫化矿捕收剂、氧化矿捕收剂和调整剂的化学结构特点,分别列举了几种最新浮选药剂的典型化学结构。     

全国首届磷矿选矿学术会议论文摘要选登

应用红外光谱法研究脂肪酸类捕收剂与磷矿物的作用 郑国锡 红外光谱法作为研究固体表面现象的有效方法而广泛用于浮选剂作用机理的研究。它能直观地揭示浮选剂在矿物表面的吸附状态、产物及吸附量等,从而揭示浮选剂作用的本质,加深对浮选过程的了解。     

THE EFFECT OF SURFACE INTERACTION ON PARTICLE DEPOSITION

Experimental results of the deposition of submicron particles on single collectors of spherical and cylindrical geometry were presented. The effect of the surface interaction between particle and collector was found significant. Agreement with theory was satisfactory in the context of the inherent limitation of the theory and the accuracy of data.     

THE EFFECT OF SURFACE INTERACTION ON PARTICLE DEPOSITION

Experimental results of the deposition of submicron particles on single collectors of spherical and cylindrical geometry were presented. The effect of the surface interaction between particle and collector was found significant. Agreement with theory was satisfactory in the context of the inherent limitation of the theory and the accuracy of data.     

Development of a 3d current collector for the positive electrode in lithium-ion batteries

So far, expanded metals or metal foils have been used as current collectors for the positive electrode in state of the art lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, a new 3D current collector for the positive electrode of LIBs was investigated. Non-woven polymer was metallized with Al by physical vapour deposition (PVD). To prove its feasible application as a current collector in LIBs, LiCoO₂ (LCO) composite electrodes were fabricated and compared to common LCO composite electrodes coated on “state of the art” aluminium foil. All cathodes were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, as well as electrochemical methods, and the results were compared. In combination with the main advantages of 3D current collectors such as improved mechanical stability and possibility of higher mass loadings, the 3D structure of the non-woven polymer increases the contact surface by five times compared to conventional current collector foils, reducing the assignment of Al significantly.     

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF USING SOLAR COLLECTORS FOR DRYING PURPOSES IN AGRICULTURE

The main application for solar collectors in agriculture are drying of agricultural crops. Different types of active air type solar collectors have been examlned In small scale experiments and in full scale trials. This report deals with practical applications OF solar collectors for dryers. The investigations have shown that solar collectors can replace conventional heating units based on 011, electricity etc. for the heating. The most economical and practical solution is received lf the collector is integrated in the roof or a wall of a farm building. The report gives recommendations for the construction and For the choice of materials. Design dates and operation schedules are also presented.     

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF USING SOLAR COLLECTORS FOR DRYING PURPOSES IN AGRICULTURE

The main application for solar collectors in agriculture are drying of agricultural crops. Different types of active air type solar collectors have been examlned In small scale experiments and in full scale trials. This report deals with practical applications OF solar collectors for dryers. The investigations have shown that solar collectors can replace conventional heating units based on 011, electricity etc. for the heating. The most economical and practical solution is received lf the collector is integrated in the roof or a wall of a farm building. The report gives recommendations for the construction and For the choice of materials. Design dates and operation schedules are also presented.     

Surface tension of collector-frother mixtures

Thio-compound collectors and frothers produce, in aqueous solution, a smaller lowering of surface tension than other collectors. the surface tension of a solution of a collector-frother mixture is intermediate between those of the individual reagent solutions, when the concentrations of both are in the vicinity of surface saturation, but when the mixture solution is very dilute, the lowering of the surface tension may be equal to the sum of the lowerings due to both reagents.     

自组装功能高分子材料表面的相互作用

分析了氢键作用、范德华能、静电作用能、交换排斥能等高分子材料表面的相互作用及其影响因素,综述了自组装纳米材料、自组装嵌段共聚物和自组装生物大分子材料等功能高分子材料表面的相互作用,讨论了表面的相互作用类型和强弱对其自组装机理、结构、性能的影响,展望了新型功能高分子材料的开发和发展方向。     

重金属捕集剂在废水处理中的研究进展

在众多的重金属废水处理方法中,重金属捕集剂法具有反应效率高、污泥沉淀快、含水率低、残渣稳定以及选择性良好等优点,特别是对重金属浓度较低的废水,也有明显效果,因而成为国内外重金属废水处理研究的热点。文章旨在综述DTC类重金属捕集剂的研究与应用进展,简述了捕集剂与重金属作用的基本原理,并阐述了其在废水处理中的应用现状及主要影响因素,总结了重金属捕集剂法处理重金属废水存在的问题,并提出一些重金属捕集剂未来的研究方向。     

Polymeric Materials for Solar Energy Utilization: A Comparative Experimental Study and Environmental Aspects

Full-scale metal solar collectors and solar collectors fabricated from polymeric materials are studied in present research. Honeycomb multichannel plates made from polycarbonate were chosen to create a polymeric solar collector. Polymeric collector is 67.8% lighter than metal solar collector. It was experimentally shown that the efficiency of a polymeric collector is 7–14% lower than a traditional collector. An ecologically based Life Cycle Assessment showed the advantages of the application of polymeric materials in the construction of solar collectors.     

亲水改性碳钢极板用于PM2.5脱除

火电厂大气污染物排放标准日趋严格,湿式静电除尘器作为终端治理设备逐渐得到广泛应用。以亲水改性刚性极板为研究对象,建立了卧式湿式静电除尘器中试实验台,开展了PM_2.5脱除特性的实验研究,研究了改性极板表面水膜增强颗粒物脱除效率的机制,考察了气体温度、停留时间、工作电压、初始浓度、冲洗水流量等主要运行参数对颗粒物脱除效率的影响规律。结果表明：改性刚性极板表面的纤维层可以减少反冲气流,减少颗粒的电迁移阻力;表面在小水量情况下亦可维持均匀稳定的水膜,水膜的存在抑制了反电晕和二次扬尘的发生,使得电晕电流高且水膜蒸发使烟气湿度提高,颗粒荷电量和电迁移速度提高,这两方面均提高了颗粒脱除效率。停留时间延长、工作电压提高均会引起颗粒脱除效率的增加,但颗粒物入口浓度、冲洗水流量对颗粒脱除效率影响不大。使用改性刚性极板的湿式静电除尘器可减少阳极冲洗水量,对粒径0.04～0.48 μm的颗粒有较高脱除效率,可在低电压下达到较高的颗粒物总脱除效率,具有较好的应用前景。