淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的合成及影响因素

以玉米淀粉和丙烯酰胺为原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂,用水溶液聚合法合成了淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺絮凝剂。研究了反应温度、反应时间和引发剂用量等反应条件对单体转化率、接枝率、接枝效率、絮凝性能的影响。结果表明:在淀粉与丙烯酰胺单体的质量比为1∶2,反应温度为45℃,反应时间为3h,引发剂用量为单体的1.25%时,产物接枝效率、单体转化率、接枝率最高,絮凝性能较优。     

淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸(盐)三元共聚反应研究

以过硫酸盐、过硫酸盐-尿素复合物、过硫酸盐-尿素-催化剂复合物为引发剂,引发反相乳液中的淀粉接枝乙烯基单体的聚合反应,研究了引发过程温度、pH、引发剂浓度、引发剂组成、共聚单体的种类等因素对单体转化率、接枝率和产品特性黏度的影响.E-N络合物作为氧化还原体系引发催化剂可以使引发温度降低至30℃.以丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、丙烯酸盐为聚合单体,合成出具有不同电荷分布、电荷密度的系列淀粉接枝共聚物.在保持固含量为30%的情况下,当淀粉与单体质量比为12时,接枝效率最好.研究单体的比例发现,丙烯酰胺与丙烯酸盐的比例为73时接枝效率最好.     

AMPS/AM/木薯淀粉接枝共聚物制备工艺的研究

研究了2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AM PS)、丙烯酰胺(AM)与木薯淀粉接枝共聚物的接枝共聚工艺条件。结果表明单体用量、引发剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对单体转化率、接枝率、接枝效率有较大影响,制备的AM PS/AM/木薯淀粉接枝共聚物具有较好的吸水性能。     

甲基丙烯酸与淀粉接枝共聚反应研究

用反相悬浮聚合法制备了可溶性淀粉与甲基丙烯酸接枝共聚物。研究了接枝效率、接枝转化率、微球收率与引发剂浓度、单体浓度、反应温度和反应时间的关系，用红外光谱（FT－IR）表征了接枝共聚物，结果表明：引发剂浓度为0．008mol/L，甲基丙烯酸与淀粉质量比为2．5：1，反应温度为50℃，反应时间2h，接枝效率最高，为96％，接枝转化率为39％，微球收率为47％。     

机械活化淀粉与丙烯酰胺反相乳液接枝共聚反应的研究

淀粉接枝共聚物是一种新型功能性材料.研究了经机械活化预处理后的玉米淀粉与丙烯酰胺在反相乳液体系中的接枝共聚反应规律,分别考察了机械活化时间、反应时间、反应温度、油水比、引发剂浓度和淀粉单体比对单体转化率、接枝率和接枝效率的影响.实验结果表明,在本实验考察范围内的最佳反应条件是淀粉活化30 min、反应温度50℃、反应时间2 h、m(单体):m(淀粉)=1.6:1、V(油):V(水)=1.2:1、引发剂浓度1.46 mmol·L-1;在该反应条件下,单体转化率96%,接枝率56.7%,接枝效率85.3%.而原淀粉在类似条件下,单体转化率为72.5%,接枝率和接枝效率分别为46.9%和66.5%.机械活化作用破坏玉米淀粉的结晶区,与丙烯酰胺反应几率增大,有效地提高了玉米淀粉的化学反应活性.     

氧化还原引发淀粉与丙烯酸接枝共聚研究

研究了马铃薯淀粉与丙烯酸的接枝共聚反应,以过硫酸钾-亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发体系,考察了不同引发剂浓度、单体浓度、反应温度、反应时间等对单体转化率、接枝率和接枝效率的影响;用红外光谱对共聚物进行了表征。结果表明,采用氧化还原引发体系可使聚合反应低温快速进行,并确定反应较佳条件。     

淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺的制备方法研究

以天然淀粉和丙烯酰胺单体为原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂,合成淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺共聚物(ST-g-PAM)。考察了淀粉种类、聚合方法、油水比、乳化剂配比对接枝效率的影响,对产物结构进行表征。结果表明,以玉米淀粉为原料,淀粉乳糊化20 min,超声处理20 min,水油体积比70∶100,Span80与Tween20质量比7∶1,制备的ST-g-PAM共聚物的单体转化率、接枝率、接枝效率分别为90.56%、38.22%、83.64%,接枝物的结晶度降低。     

淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的研究

本文采用硝酸铈铵为引发剂,研制了淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸单体的共聚物。研究了引发剂浓度、单体浓度和硝酸浓度对接枝百分率及接枝共聚物性能的影响,并初步探讨了接枝共聚物的絮凝性能。     

响应面法优化反相乳液聚合制备淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺共聚物

采用响应面分析法(RSM)中CCD数学模型优化淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺共聚物的工艺参数,考察引发剂浓度、反应温度、单体淀粉质量比对单体转化率Y<,1>与接枝率Y<,2>的影响.实验采用等高线莺叠法获得最佳工艺条件:引发剂浓度3.451 mmoL/L、反应温度50℃、单体淀粉质量比在1.54:1,此条件下,产物单体转化率为93....     

淀粉与乙烯基单体的接枝共聚改性

评述了丙烯腈、丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、丙烯酸酯类及苯乙烯等几种较常见的乙烯基单体与淀粉的接枝共聚反应,重点讨论了淀粉糊化、引发剂和单体的浓度、种类及配比、反应温度、时间等因素对接枝共聚反应的影响,同时介绍了淀粉与乙烯基单体接枝共聚物的应用。     

高锰酸钾引发双水相中淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺共聚反应

在双水相中进行淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺共聚反应是一种新的聚合方法,对以聚乙二醇为分散介质、高锰酸钾为引发剂的双水相中淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺共聚反应进行了研究,考察了引发时间、引发剂浓度及配比对产品单体转化率、接枝率和接枝效率的影响。通过实验得到聚合反应的最佳工艺条件:引发时间为10 min,n(高锰酸钾)∶n(丙烯酰胺)=3.0×10-4∶1,n(高锰酸钾)∶n(H+)=1∶10,反应温度为50℃,反应时间7 h,此时得到的产品的单体转化率C为98.88%,接枝率G为144.53%,接枝效率GE为97.81%。最后通过红外光谱仪进行结构表征。     

以Fe~(2+)-H_2O_2氧化还原体系引发木薯淀粉与醋酸乙烯酯接枝共聚反应研究

研究了以Fe2+-H2O2为引发剂的木薯淀粉与醋酸乙烯酯的接枝共聚反应,并对重要的反应条件进行了讨论。结果表明:当单体与淀粉的质量配比为1.0~2.0,引发剂浓度为1.0 mmol/L,H2O2与Fe2+的摩尔比为2,反应温度为40°C,反应时间为3 h,采用Fe2+→单体→H2O2的加料顺序时,可以得到较高的转化率、接枝率、接枝效率,分别为86.47%、55.30%及31.98%,并探讨Fe2+-H2O2的引发机理。通过Srectrum One红外光谱及电镜对接枝物的结构进行了分析。     

Preparation and Characterization of Starch-g-Polymethacrylamide Copolymers

In this article, methacrylamide was successfully grafted onto starch using benzoyl peroxide as a radical initiator in aqueous medium. The extent of grafting was found to be affected by the initiator, monomer, starch concentration, and temperature. The optimum initiator concentration is 2.0×10⁻³ mol/L. The graft yield was observed to increase with the monomer concentration and temperature. No optimum values for the monomer concentration and temperature were found. The overall activation energy for graft copolymerization was obtained. The grafted starches were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). TGA thermograms showed that the thermal stability of starch increased as a result of grafting. SEM micrographs showed that the granular structure of starch was not maintained after graft copolymerization. The water uptake and moisture retainment values of starch graft copolymers were investigated.     

淀粉与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的合成及絮凝助留性能

采用乳液聚合技术 ,以水为分散介质 ,十二烷基苯磺酸钠为乳化剂和分散稳定剂 ,用过硫酸钾引发丙烯酰胺 (AM)对淀粉 (St)的接枝共聚。接枝共聚物 (St -PAM)在 16 5 0、16 16和 1416cm-1(聚丙烯酰胺PAM的特征吸收 )处的红外光谱表明 ,在淀粉链上引入了酰胺基。控制接枝共聚条件 ,可使丙烯酰胺的接枝效率 (共聚单体占全部聚合单体的质量分数 )达到 90 .0 % ,共聚物中丙烯酰胺的接枝百分率 (St-PAM中PAM的质量分数 )达到 6 0 .9%。显著地改善了淀粉的糊化特性 ,减弱了直链淀粉的凝沉和胶凝倾向 ,使其在冷水中就具有良好的分散性。研究了淀粉与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚的特点 ,考察了单体用量、反应温度、引发剂等因素对接枝共聚的影响 ,以及接枝共聚物对纸浆的絮凝和助留效果的影响。共聚物中丙烯酰胺的接枝百分率愈高 ,纸浆的絮凝速度和留着率愈大 ,接枝百分率为 6 0 .9%的共聚物可使纸浆的网上留着率提高 12 .3%。     

固相法淀粉接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的制备与表征

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,在少量水存在下,研究了玉米淀粉（CS）与甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）接枝共聚的反应规律。考察了含水量、反应时间与温度、MMA单体和引发剂用量等因素对接枝共聚反应的影响。实验结果表明,体系含水质量百分数为40％左右、MMA用量为CS质量的15％、过硫酸铵用量为CS质量的8％、反应温度在80℃、反应时间为0．5h左右,可得到接枝率和接枝效率均较高的接枝共聚物。通过红外光谱（FTIR）、热重分析法（TGA）以及X射线衍射法（XRD）对合成的接枝共聚物进行了表征。     

氧化淀粉基水性胶粘剂的研究

以过硫酸钾-亚硫酸氢钠(KPS-NaHSO3)为引发剂,在木薯氧化淀粉上接枝苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA),并引入功能单体丙烯酸(AA),采用无皂聚合法合成了氧化淀粉基水性胶粘剂。考察了引发剂用量、单体与氧化淀粉配比、单体配比、功能单体用量、聚乙烯醇(PVA)用量和反应温度对胶粘剂性能的影响,并对接枝共聚物进行了红外光谱(FT-IR)表征。实验结果表明,当w(引发剂)=1.8%、m(单体)∶m(氧化淀粉)=3.0∶1、m(St)∶m(BA)=1.75∶1、w(AA)=2.0%和w(PVA)=3%～4%时,所制备的胶粘剂的综合性能最佳,其剥离强度为23.15 N/mm、拉伸强度为0.92 MPa。     

淀粉-MMA接枝共聚物的半干法合成新工艺

以硝酸铈铵(CAN)为引发剂,采用固相半干法合成了玉米淀粉(CS)接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)共聚物。考察了含水量、反应体系的酸性、反应时间与温度、MMA单体和引发剂CAN用量等因素对接枝共聚反应的影响。结果表明,体系含水质量分数为35%左右,CAN用量为CS质量的1.5%～3%,反应温度在40～50℃,反应时间为0.5h左右,可得到接枝率、接枝效率和单体转化率均较高的接枝共聚物。     

淀粉接枝共聚物瓦楞纸表面施胶增强剂的制备及其应用

利用无皂乳液聚合技术通过阳离子淀粉和苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)等乙烯基单体进行接枝共聚反应,制备了一种淀粉接枝聚合物乳液,并对其表面施胶性能进行了研究。结果表明:当m(淀粉接枝乳液)∶m(氧化淀粉)=3∶100、w(硫酸铝)=0.4%和施胶液pH=4时,其应用效果好且性价比高;淀粉接枝乳液的施胶性能优于氧化淀粉和接枝单体共聚物。     

Synthesis and characterization of polyacrylonitrile pregelled starch graft copolymers using ferrous sulfate‐hydrogen peroxide redox initiation system as surface sizing agent

A graft copolymer was synthesized by graft copolymerization of starch with styrene (St) and butyl acrylate (BA), using ferrous sulfate‐hydrogen peroxide redox initiation system. The starch was pregelled in the presence of acrylonitrile (AN) in aqueous alkali at high temperature before graft polymerization. Major factors affecting the polymerization reaction were investigated. It was found that a graft copolymer with higher percentage conversion (PC), graft efficiency (GE) and graft percentage (GP) was obtained by controlling the initiator concentration, concentration, and ratio of monomers and polymerization temperature. The optimum conditions were as follows: H₂O₂ concentration, 12%; monomer concentration, 120%; St/BA ratio, 1 : 1; polymerization temperature, 65°C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and NMR analyses were used to gain information on the structure of the products. It was demonstrated that St, BA, and AN had been successfully grafted onto starch and ? CN had been saponified into ? CONH₂ and ? COO^? to a certain degree when pregelling. Scanning electron microscope micrographs showed the coarse structure and broad network. The graft polymerization took place on the surface of starch granule and led to amorphization of the starch structure. Graft polymer had better thermal stability and was endowed with pseudo‐plasticity. It was observed that the starch graft copolymer offers good properties such as water resistance as surface‐sizing agent. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Synthesis and characterization of graft copolymers of ethyl acrylate/acrylamide mixtures onto starch

Graft copolymerization of ethyl acrylate/acrylamide onto corn starch using potassium permanganate–citric acid initiation system was investigated. Major factors affecting the polymerization reaction were thoroughly investigated in terms of initiator concentration, monomer concentration, polymerization time, polymerization temperature, and starch/liquor, and the obtained results implied that the polymer yield which were expressed by total monomer conversion, grafting ratio, and grafting efficiency were determined by these factors. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: starch, 30 g; potassium permanganate (based on weight of starch), 0.1%; citric acid (based on weight of starch), 0.5%; ethyl acrylate, 20%; acrylamide, 0.4 g; time, 3 h; temperature, 40°C; starch/liquor, 1:3. We concluded that the initiator of potassium permanganate–citric acid system could be used as a cheap initiator in manufacturing the starch graft copolymer. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers