成核剂对增韧聚丙烯力学性能的影响

主要研究成核剂种类及用量对乙烯－辛烯共聚物（POE）增韧聚丙烯（PP）力学性能的影响。研究表明：随着成核剂NA1的加入,PP／POE共混物的透明性、冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸屈服强度均明显提高,研制的改性PP的透明性、韧性和刚性得到了平衡。     

成核剂对聚丙烯结晶形态和力学性能的影响

研究了聚丙烯(PP)／成核剂共混物的结晶形态及力学性能。结果表明：加入成核剂后，提高PP的结晶温度，加快了结晶速度，使PP球晶细化；成核剂用量在0—0．2份之间时，PP的冲击强度、拉伸强度、硬度、热变形温度均随成核剂用量的增加而提高。     

PP/弹性体/纳米CaCO3三元复合材料研究

以聚烯烃弹性体POE(乙烯辛烯共聚物)为增韧剂，以纳米CaCO3为增强剂，利用双螺杆挤出机，通过熔融共混工艺制备了聚丙烯(PP)／POE／无机纳米粒子复合材料。测试了复合材料的力学性能并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对三元复合材料的断面形态进行了研究。研究结果表明，利用纳米CaCO3对共混物PP／POE进行改性，存在一个最佳用量，一般为5％左右。采取将纳米CaCO3先与POE混合挤出后再与PP进行共混挤出的二步法工艺，复合体系的综合性能较优。     

β成核剂协同增韧PP/POE复合材料性能研究

将β成核剂加入到PP/POE(聚丙烯/聚烯烃弹性体)体系中,进行熔融共混,经成型加工制备标准样条,测试样条的拉伸性能、冲击性能、结晶性能以及热力学性能。研究结果表明:β成核剂的加入可有效改善PP/POE力学性能最佳;β成核剂的加入可有效改善PP/POE体系的结晶情况,随着POE在体系中含量的增加,结晶度呈现逐渐减小的趋势。     

新型复合成核剂对PP/POE共混物结晶行为的影响

以低分子量聚酰胺6为主体制备了新型复合成核剂,采用高级流变仪、差示扫描量热仪、偏光显微镜等分析手段研究了几种成核剂对聚丙烯/乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物(PP/POE)共混物结晶温度、结晶形态及流变行为的影响。结果表明:新型复合成核剂均可以提高PP/POE共混物的结晶温度、结晶度和结晶速率,减小共混物的球晶尺寸,增加晶核密度,显著提高了PP/POE共混物的结晶性能。     

β成核剂和纳米SiO_2复合改性PP/POE复合材料研究

研究了纳米SiO2和β成核剂对PP/POE复合材料力学性能的影响,并用广角X射线衍射仪(WAXD)对其进行了表征。结果表明:纳米SiO2的加料方式影响PP/POE复合材料的力学性能,先将PP和纳米SiO2共混挤出,再与POE共混制备得到的复合材料冲击强度最高。当纳米SiO2含量为4%时,PP/POE/纳米SiO2复合材料的综合力学性能最好。在PP/POE/纳米SiO2复合体系中的加入β成核剂后,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度下降,而韧性进一步提高,当β成核剂含量为0.4%时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率达到最大值,拉伸强度也明显提高。XRD表明,β成核剂在纳米SiO2改性PP/POE复合体系中能显著诱导β晶的生成。     

β成核剂与乙烯/辛烯共聚物弹性体的协同增韧效应研究

研究了新型稀土β成核剂以及无定形的乙烯／辛烯共聚物弹性体（简称POE）对等规聚丙烯（IPP）增韧改性的协同作用。结果显示,随着成核剂含量的增加,β成核IPP以及β成核IPP／POE共混体系具有相同的变化趋势,POE分散相的存在对1PP体系中的β含量没有明显的影响。不同弹性体含量的共混体系以及各体系在不同温度下的冲击韧性的对比研究表明POE在一定含量时与β成核剂能够获得最大程度的协同效应,在较高POE含量时,二者的协同效应在低温下能够得到较好的表现。     

PP/M-HOS/POE三元复合材料的界面改性与力学性能

采用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)及马来酸酐接枝乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)为界面相容剂，利用熔融共混法制备PP／镁盐晶须(M—HOS)／POE三元复合材料，研究了PP-g-MAH及POE-g-MAH的用量及配比、M-HOS和POE的用量对三元复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：当PP／M-HOS／POE的质量比为100／10／20时，PP-g-MAH的最佳用量为3份；利用PP-g-MAH及POE-g-MAH作为复合相容剂可同时改善M-HOS与PP和POE的界面相容性，促进POE、M-HOS对PP的增韧补强作用，使三元复合材料的力学性能得到了明显的改善。     

乙烯-辛烯共聚物增韧透明聚丙烯的研究

用乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）对透明聚丙烯（PP）进行增韧改性,研究YPOE用量对PP／POE共混体系力学性能的影响。并研究了保持POE含量为10％不变时,加入LLDPE用量对于PP／POE／LLDPE共混体系力学性能的影响。用差示扫描量热法（DSC）研究了共混物的结晶形态,用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了共混物的微观相态结构。结果表明,POE能大幅改善PP的常温和低温冲击韧性;LLDPE在PP／POE体系中明娃起到了协同增韧的作用,在LLDPE含量为5％时效果最好。     

耐候性PP的研制

以聚烯烃弹性体（POE）为增韧材料、DICPK为结晶成核剂、BsSO4为无机填充剂，研制了耐候改性PP专用料。结果表明，当POE用量为5份、DICPK用量为0．3份、BaSO4用量为30份时，所得专用料能够满足耐候改性PP专用料的性能要求。     

复合成核剂对PP/POE共混体系等温结晶行为的影响

以低分子量尼龙6为主体制备了一种新型复合成核剂NF-10,采用差示扫描量热分析仪、偏光显微镜等分析手段研究了该成核剂对聚丙烯/乙烯-辛烯共聚物(PP/POE)共混体系结晶温度、结晶形态、等温结晶及其动力学的影响。结果表明:NF-10可以提高PP/POE体系的结晶温度、结晶度和结晶速率,减小体系结晶球晶的尺寸,提高晶核密度,显著改善PP/POE共混体系结晶性能。     

POE和自制成核剂协同增透增韧PP的研究

以弹性体乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)和自制成核剂为助剂制备了高韧性、高透明聚丙烯(PP)材料.通过DSC、PLM、雾度等测试手段研究了不同POE含量的共混体系的结晶行为、力学和透明性能.结果表明:随着弹性体POE加入量的不断增加,PP的结晶度出现先增大后降低的变化趋势;弹性体POE在加入量较少(质量分数小于10%)时和成核剂具有协同成核效果,可以提高PP的结晶峰温度,提高结晶度,降低材料雾度;在POE质量分数为10%时,可以很好地改善体系的加工性能.     

枪械包装箱用增强增韧阻燃PP的研制

采用无碱玻璃纤维(GF)、乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物(POE)和十溴联苯醚/三氧化二锑复合阻燃剂对聚丙烯(PP)进行增强增韧阻燃改性。考察了GF、POE和复合阻燃剂用量对PP性能的影响。研究结果表明,GF的加入在有效提高PP拉伸强度、弯曲强度及弯曲弹性模量的同时,还可以提高其冲击强度;POE对PP有很好的增韧作用;十溴联苯醚/三氧化二锑复合阻燃剂对PP有良好的阻燃作用。由该增强增韧阻燃改性PP材料制作的枪械包装箱可满足使用要求,具有广阔的应用前景和良好的经济、社会效益。     

Nucleating agent induced impact fracture behavior change in PP/POE blend

This work was focused on the impact fracture behavior of polypropylene/ethylene-octene copolymer (PP/POE) blends with and without nucleating agent (NA). The crystallization morphologies of injection-molded-bar were analyzed by polarization optical microscope and the impact-fractured surface morphologies were characterized carefully through scanning electronic microscope. Our results show that the addition of 0.2 wt% α/or β-NA induces the great decrease of spherulites diameters companioned with the dramatically enhancement of PP/POE blend toughness. Virgin PP shows the typical brittle-fractured characteristic during the whole fracture process. PP/POE shows the less-ductile fracture feature with multiple-craze formation. The addition of NA into PP/POE blend changes the fractured surface feature from predominantly multiple-craze to predominantly shear yielding or shear yielding involving materials cavitations and second-crack re-initiation, respectively, indicating the change from brittle-like fracture mode to ductile fracture mode. The transformation of β → α during the impact process for β-NA nucleated samples has been observed; however, such transformation is suppressed by the presence of POE.     

Polypropylene–clay blends compatibilized with MAH‐g‐POE

A series of new Polypropylene (PP)–clay blends, containing 5 wt % clay, were prepared by melt compounding with maleic anhydride grafted poly(ethylene‐co‐octene) (MAH‐g‐POE) as the compatibilizer by varying its content from 0 to 20 wt %. The effect of MAH‐g‐POE on the PP–clay miscibility was examined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM) observation, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and rheological testing in sequence. The results showed that the addition of MAH‐g‐POE could improve the dispersion of clay layers in PP matrix and promoted the interaction between PP molecules and clay layers. At 10 wt % MAH‐g‐POE, the PP–clay blend exhibited a highest value of Tc,onset and Tg as well as a biggest melt storage modulus (G′), indicating the greatest PP–clay interaction. On the other hand, improved toughness and stiffness coexisted in blends with 5–10 wt % loading of MAH‐g‐POE. In view of SEM and DMTA observations, MAH‐g‐POE was well miscible with the PP matrix, even with the concentration up to 20 wt %. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 2558–2564, 2006     

Open‐cell polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer blend foams fabricated for reusable oil‐sorption materials

The fabrication of high‐performance oil sorbents is of great significance for oil spill cleanup. The main objective of this study was to prepare open‐cell polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer (PP/POE) blend foams for fabrication of reusable sorbents for oil sorption. Open‐cell PP/POE blend foams were prepared via continuous‐extrusion foaming using supercritical carbon dioxide as the blowing agent. The interconnected open‐cell structure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The hydrophobicity and lipophilicity of PP/POE open‐cell foams were revealed by tests of contact‐angle measurement, water and cyclohexane sorption on the foam surface, CCl₄ and cyclohexane sorption in water, and oil/water separation. Further, the sorption tests indicated that PP/POE blend foams showed larger oil‐uptake capacities than pure PP foams. In addition, cyclic compression tests showed that PP/POE open‐cell foams had excellent ductility and significantly improved recoverability compared to pure PP foams. In cyclic sorption–desorption tests, the sorption kinetics was studied in terms of capacity and saturation time, showing that PP/POE foams kept larger sorption capacities for 10 cycles, with larger sorption rates and good reusability. Based on the high open‐cell content, the good hydrophobic and oleophilic properties, the high oil‐sorption capacity, the improved recoverability, the large sorption rate, and the good reusability in cyclic oil‐sorption performance, the PP/POE open‐cell foams have shown promise as potential oil sorbents in applications for oil spill cleanup. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43812.     

Rubber‐toughened polypropylene nanocomposite: Effect of polyethylene octene copolymer on mechanical properties and phase morphology

Rubber‐toughened polypropylene (PP)/org‐Montmorillonite (org‐MMT) nanocomposite with polyethylene octene (POE) copolymer were compounded in a twin‐screw extruder at 230°C and injection‐molded. The POE used had 25 wt % 1‐octene content and the weight fraction of POE in the blend was varied in the range of 0–20 wt %. X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD) revealed that an intercalation org‐MMT silicate layer structure was formed in rubber‐toughened polypropylene nanocomposites (RTPPNC). Izod impact measurements indicated that the addition of POE led to a significant improvement in the impact strength of the RTPPNC, from 6.2 kJ/m² in untoughened PP nanocomposites to 17.8 kJ/m² in RTPPNC containing 20 wt % POE. This shows that the POE elastomer was very effective in converting brittle PP nanocomposites into tough nanocomposites. However, the Young's modulus, tensile strength, flexural modulus, and flexural strength of the blends decreased with respect to the PP nanocomposites, as the weight fraction of POE was increased to 20 wt %. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for the investigation of the phase morphology and rubber particles size. SEM study revealed a two‐phase morphology where POE, as droplets was dispersed finely and uniformly in the PP matrix. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 3441–3450, 2006     

Study on the microstructures and mechanical behaviour of compatibilized polypropylene/polyamide‐6 blends

A series of blends of polypropylene (PP)–polyamide‐6 (PA6) with either reactive polyethylene–octene elastomer (POE) grafted with maleic anhydride (POE‐g‐MA) or with maleated PP (PP‐g‐MA) as compatibilizers were prepared. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the blends were investigated by means of tensile and impact testing and by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that the miscibility of PP–PA6 blends was improved with the addition of POE‐g‐MA and PP‐g‐MA. For the PP/PA6/POE‐g‐MA system, an elastic interfacial POE layer was formed around PA6 particles and the dispersed POE phases were also observed in the PP matrix. Its Izod impact strength was four times that of pure PP matrix, whilst the tensile strength and Young's modulus were almost unchanged. The greatest tensile strength was obtained for PP/PA6/PP‐g‐MA blend, but its Izod impact strength was reduced in comparison with the pure PP matrix. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

聚丙烯/乙烯-辛烯-1共聚物共混体系流变性能研究

采用高级流变扩展系统(ARES)研究了聚丙烯(PP)/乙烯-辛烯共聚物共混体系的流变性能,探讨了乙烯-辛烯共聚物含量和 PP 种类对共混体系储能模量、剪切黏度和零切黏度的影响。实验结果显示,PP 结构和 POE 含量对 PP/POE 共混体系的剪切流变性能有显著影响,随着 POE 含量的增加,PP1/POE 共混体系的储能模量和剪切黏度增加的幅度明显小于 PP2/POE 共混体系,PP1/POE 共混体系和 PP2/POE 共混体系的储能模量和剪切黏度增加幅度较大分别发生在 POE 含量为20%～30%和10%～20%,即共混体系发生"脆—韧"转变阶段。PP/POE 共混体系中存在界面滑移现象,且 PP 和 POE 的界面相容性对界面滑移现象影响较大,其中 PP1/POE 的界面滑移比PP2/POE 的界面滑移更加明显。     

Influence of composition and phase morphology on rheological properties of polypropylene/poly(ethylene‐co‐octene) blends

In this article, the phase morphology and rheological properties of polypropylene (PP)/poly(ethylene‐co‐octene) (POE) blends with a droplet‐matrix microstructure were studied by scanning electron microscopy and rheological experiments. The data were analyzed to yield the variations of rheological behavior with blend composition and insight into the microstructure of PP/POE blends. The Palierne's emulsion type model was used to extract information on rheological properties, and the interfacial tensions between the PP and POE were determined by fitting the experimental data with this model. The results indicated that the interfacial tensions were shown to depend on blend composition and temperature. Rheological properties of PP/POE blends were investigated in a systemic way with varying shear histories. The results showed that shear history had an important effect on the rheological properties of the blends due to the dispersed phase (POE) domains refined with increasing preshear rate and preshear time. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers