浅谈聚合物钻井液

目前,聚合物钻井液是我国使用最为广泛的钻井液,并且技术已成熟。本文首先介绍了发展状况和聚合物钻井液的特点,从而阐述了阳离子聚合物钻井液特点、两性离子聚合物钻井液特点以及阴离子聚合物钻井液特点。     

浅谈聚合物钻井液

目前,聚合物钻井液是我国使用最为广泛的钻井液,并且技术已成熟。本文首先介绍了发展状况和聚合物钻井液的特点,从而阐述了阳离子聚合物钻井液特点、两性离子聚合物钻井液特点以及阴离子聚合物钻井液特点。     

相容剂：键合新型合金的神秘“胶水”

相容剂,即掺混物中能使不相容聚合物结合在一起的一种神秘组份,是化合物领域中人们谈论得最多,但又了解得最少的一种东西。正如本文所指出的那样,笼罩在化合物材料工艺的这一关键领域上的神秘色彩,已开始慢慢散开。尽管那些占有翔实资料的有关人士都不愿直接谈论他们所从事的工     

聚合物合金开发中相容剂的动向

聚合物合金是由各种不同聚合物的混合而制得的。原料聚合物大多使用那些技术上已经成熟,性能也已熟知的老品种聚合物材料。聚合物的混合因是在高分子量化合物之间进行,所以不同于一般低分子量化合物的混合,较少相互互混的情况,大部分可以说是难于互混的非相容性体系。但是,为了充分发挥由聚合物互相混合而制得的聚合物     

“聚合桥”使不相容的材料合金化

荷兰生产了一种相容剂,它能使混合边角料的多种塑料掺合在一起,由此使本来不相容的聚合物合金化开辟了新的途径。这种材料称作Bennet,由国家矿业公司高技术塑料公司生产。它不是可聚合的单体,而是一种聚合物的念珠式钩钩(Paterno Ster),由数种聚合物“聚集”而成     

液晶聚合物及其应用

一概述液晶聚合物(Liquid Crystal Polyme简称为LCP)是八十年代发展起来的新型聚合物材料,由于它具有优良的耐热性、耐老化性、阻燃性、耐磨性、电性能和机械加工性能,而受到世界各国的关注并竞相开发研制。 1984年,美国Dartco Mfg公司第一个市售了热致液晶聚合物Xydar,其生产能力为1万吨/年。Xydar是由对苯二甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸和4,4-联苯二酚等三种单体制得的共聚芳酯,其热变形温度为354℃,拉伸强度是钢的15倍,缺口冲击强度为208J/m,在50℃的20％硫酸中浸泡1个月和在98％     

展望液晶聚合物在涂料中的应用

介绍了高性能液晶聚合物涂料并展望了类自然界色彩变换的液晶聚合物颜料在涂料中的应用。     

Binodal and spinodal curves: a simulation for various high polymer mixtures

Flory's equation-of-state theory has been used to predict the lower critical solution temperature behaviour of polymer—polymer mixtures. The spinodal phase boundary of numbers of high molecular weight polymer mixtures have been previously simulated using this theory. In this paper a procedure for simultaneous predictions of the binodal and the spinodal curves by equating the chemical potential of each component in the mixture is presented. The method is tested for five different mixtures. The effects of the binary and pure component state parameters on the simulated curves are discussed and the simulated phase diagrams are compared with the experimental cloud point curves. It is found that in most cases the results are more consistent with the cloud point curve being closer to the spinodal curve than the binodal.     

Dynamics of polymers in solution and melts

Simple models of polymer dynamics are available in dilute solution, moderate concentrations and melts, since it is possible to make models of the motion in these cases. A series of power laws result which fit well with computer simulation. It is more difficult to derive these models directly from sensible equations of motion, but progress in this direction is reported in the paper.     

Effect of the Extrusion Process on the Bactericidal Performance of Biocidal Polypropylene Catheters

This work concerns polypropylene biocidal catheters that incorporate the triclosan molecule. Many studies have applied triclosan as a bactericidal agent in the polymeric matrix but without considering the effect of processing on the biocidal properties. Using the optimal temperature and shear rate during the extrusion process can promote the best microbiological response for a biocidal catheter. Catheters were processed using a linear extruder while systematically varying the triclosan content, processing temperature and screw velocity. A diffusion test in agar and an evaluation of the chemical structure of the polypropylene and triclosan using FTIR were used to characterize the bactericidal properties.     

芳香族电子导电聚合物的研究进展

主链型芳香族聚合物具有热稳定性高、化学稳定性好、质地轻且牢固以及良好的加工成型性等优点，其作为导电聚合物材料的应用正受到人们越来越多的关注。本文综述了芳香族电子导电聚合物的研究进展，并指出存在问题和解决方法。     

Analysis of asymmetric morphology evolutions in iPP molded samples induced by uneven temperature field

Mold surface temperature has a strong effect on the amount of molecular orientation and morphology developed in a non‐isothermal flowing polymer melt. In this work, a well‐characterized isotactic polypropylene was injected in a rectangular mold cavity asymmetrically conditioned by a thin electric heater specifically designed. The cavity surface was heated at temperatures ranging from 80 to 160°C for different times (0.5, 8, and 18 s) after the first contact with the polymer. Asymmetrical thermal conditions have a strong influence on the melt flow, by changing its distribution along the cavity thickness, and final part deformation. The morphology distribution of the molded samples was found strongly asymmetric with complex and peculiar features. Optical and Electron microscopy confirmed the complete reorganization of the crystalline structures along the sample thickness. X‐rays analysis reveals that molecular orientation of the sample surface decreases with the mold temperature and the heating time. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2699–2712, 2016     

Preparation and characterization of polynaphthyl amine (PNA) as a novel conducting polymer

A series of polynaphthyl amine (PNA) were prepared in acetone/water mixture (v/v) using different concentrations of potassium persulfate as an initiator in presence and in absence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a surface active agent. Polymers of various physical properties were prepared. The physical properties of PNA using different concentrations of potassium persulfate in presence and in absence of PVA were given. The specific conductance of the prepared polymers was found to be 0.055 ohm cm, 0.145 ohm⁻¹ cm⁻¹ and 0.083 ohm⁻¹ cm⁻¹, at 3, 1.5, and 0.75% of potassium persulfate, respectively. X‐ray diffraction analysis was carried out to the sample having the highest specific conductance. The confirmation of the prepared PNA was carried out using UV and IR spectrophotometry. Finally PNA showed good air stability and excellent solubility in organic solvents differing from that of polyaniline. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 988–992, 2000     

The glass temperature of polymer blends

The entropy theory of glasses is used to derive the glass temperature, T_g, of a binary polymer blend in terms of the glass temperatures of the two substituents. The formula is T_g = B₁T_g1 + B₂T_g2, where B_i is the fraction of flexible bonds of substituent i. A bond is flexible if rotation about it changes the shape of the molecule. Bonds in side groups as well as in the backbone are to be counted. This formula assumes that the free volume, taken here to be the volume fraction of empty lattice sites, is the same for each of the three materials. It has no parameters. The above equation expressed in weight fractions, W_i, is (T_g − T_g1)W₁(γ₁/ω₁) + (T_g − T_g2)W₂(γ₂/ω₂) = 0, where ω_i is the weight of a monomer unit and gg_i is the number of flexible bonds per monomer unit. A more general treatment is given. One variation of the more general treatment which expresses the properties of the blend in purely additive terms gives T_g = B₁T_g1 + B₂T_g2 + KB₁B₂(T_g1 − T_g2)(V₀₁ − V₀₂), where V_0i are the free volume fractions of the homopolymers at their glass temperatures and K is a constant. The added term is usually small. The most general form of the equation requires the energy of interaction between the two unlike molecules, which can be estimated by volume measurements on the blend.     

荧光高分子应用研究进展

介绍了荧光高分子近年来在理论研究中与作为一种新型功能材料在实际中的应用研究进展。在理论研究中 ,它主要是以荧光探针技术来研究聚合物的微相动力学和构象 ,聚合物相转移和聚集行为 ,聚合物能量转移及光聚合过程。它作为功能材料 ,主要用于荧光化学传感器、非线性光学装置中 ,以及用作光导树脂等材料。     

Synthesis and characterization of azo‐based acrylate polymers for use as nonlinear optical materials

In this work, high molecular weight azo polymers were synthesized by incorporating the azo monomer into a base polymer through their reactive functional groups. Copolymers of methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid (with varying concentrations of carboxylic acid group) were synthesized. These were then reacted with epoxy‐terminated azo molecule by carboxylic acid–epoxy reaction. The functionalized systems show excellent film homogeneity and optical clarity. The series of copolymers were characterized using FTIR, NMR, UV–vis spectrometry, gel permeation chromatography, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The polymer films coated on ITO glass slides were poled and their order parameters were calculated to check the stability of oriented dipoles. Temporal stability, checked up to 120 h under ambient conditions, was found to be excellent. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 425–431, 2007     

Synthesis,characterization, and application of semi‐interpenetrating liquid crystalline polymer networks LCP/PS

Attempts to extend the IPN technology to liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) systems have been made in search for a new approach for enhancing the compatibility of liquid crystalline polymer with engineering thermoplastics. A new type of interpenetrating polymer network based on liquid crystalline polymer : semi‐interpenetrating liquid crystalline polymer network comprising liquid crystalline polymer PET/60PHB (LCP) and crosslinked polystyrene (PS) (for short: semi‐ILCPN LCP/PS) has been successfully prepared. The compatibility and thermal properties of the semi‐ILCPN LCP/PS with different amount of crosslinking agent were investigated by FTIR, SEM, DSC, and TGA, respectively. Furthermore, the possible application of the semi‐ILCPN LCP/PS as a new kind of compatibilizer in PPO/LCP blends was also studied and discussed. Well‐compatibilized PPO/LCP composites with considerably improved mechanical properties were obtained. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 1141–1150, 2000