过程工业企业再生产投资的决策策略与决策支持系统

文章在综述国内外过程工业企业的再生产投资决策实践和研究进展后,结合实际,提出了过程工业企业合理经营决策的关键技术和策略,建立了过程工业再生产投资项目的企业利益目标的评价体系,以及相应的投资决策支持系统总体框架,并指出应该强化能量系统优化技术在过程工艺再生产投资决策中的应用。     

运输皮带用Flexco法对接和修理经验

现代冶金企业、采矿企业和其它工业企业的生产效率主要取决于在连续生产过程中设备的可靠性和不问断性。实际上，工业，其中包括矿山冶金工业的所有部门都采用输送机运输。     

蒸汽动力系统设计与综合优化研究综述

蒸汽动力系统是过程工业企业的重要组成部分，其设计水平、运行和控制性能对过程工业的能量利用效率和经济性具有重要影响，在过去的30多年里，蒸汽动力系统的优化研究一直是国内外学者研究的热点。本文归纳了过程工业蒸汽动力系统设计与综合优化方面的研究内容;从优化内容、优化方法、优化准则目标等方面详细介绍了过程工业蒸汽动力系统研究工作进展;针对当前研究工作的局限展开了评论，对蒸汽动力系统设计与综合的深入研究重点和方向提出了展望。     

工业增加值的核算与应用

l什么是H业增加值工业增加值是工业企业在一定时期内以货币形式表现的工业生产活动的最终成果。它是构成国内生产总值的重要组成部分，是工业企业总产出扣除中间投入后的金额。众所周知，工业总产出是指工业企业在一定时期内工业生产活动的总成果，通常称工业总产值。而工业中间投入（又称中间消耗）是组成工业总产值的一个主要部分，属转移到产品中去的价值。因此顾名思义，工业增加值是工业企业通过生产活动新创造而增加的价值。统计的职能是对国民经济运行和社会再生产过程进行测定、描述和核算。它是宏观经济发展的晴雨表，又是生产经…     

ERP技术在过程工业的应用研究

回顾ERP技术在国内外发展及应用概况，指出未来的ERP将是集管理、技术和信息为一体的协作商务系统。对于具有大批量连续性生产的过程工业企业，在过程系统技术与管理的综合集成的理论方法指导下，利用过程系统的结构模型，提出过程工业企业新一代ERP的结构模型框图，ERP分别与企业管理（EM）、供应链管理（SCM）以及客户关系管理（CRM）的综合集成，把企业和生产制造、营销活动以有毫户利益紧密联系到一起，迅速提高企业整体的效率和经济效益。针对ERP实施成功率低的现实，提出ERP项目实施的方法和步骤。     

依靠过程系统技术与管理的综合集成推动过程工业企业集约化

通过分析过程工业的现状和面临的形势以及过程系统技术和管理的发展概况,指出过程工业企业应依靠过程系统技术与管理的综合集成,构建自组织企业系统和企业超系统,促进经营集约化。     

陶瓷工业干燥技术与设备

陶瓷产品的干燥是陶瓷生产工艺中非常重要的工序之一。干燥是一个技术相对简单，应用却十分广泛的工业过程，其不但关系着陶瓷的产品质量及成品率，而且影响陶瓷企业的整体能耗和生产成本。据统计，干燥过程中的能耗占工业总燃料消耗的15％，而在陶瓷行业中，用于干燥的能耗占燃料总消耗的比例远不止此数，因此干燥过程的节能是关系到企业生存的大事。     

试论县域工业经济发展的现状与对策

欠发达地区县域工业企业多为中小型企业,县域工业经济在发展过程中出现了许多矛盾和问题,特别是金融支持滞后较为突出,本文分析了县域工业经济发展现状和金融支持滞后的因素,提出了金融支持县域工业经济发展的七大对策。     

面向系统层级的复杂工业过程全息故障诊断

复杂工业过程具有长流程、系统层级多、故障潜在分布空间范围较广的特点，是当前故障诊断领域的热门研究方向。首先，对主流故障诊断技术进行了分类和概述；其次，采用定量与定性相结合思路，提出了面向系统层级的复杂工业过程全息故障诊断框架，为复杂工业全流程的过程监测提供一整套技术和解决方案。相比于目前的故障诊断方法，该框架不仅包括故障检测和故障辨识，还包括故障根源诊断、故障传播路径识别、故障的定量诊断与评估，可有效解决复杂工业过程系统的综合故障诊断问题，实用性强，能够有效地减少或避免故障发生、保证产品的质量、提高企业的生产效率与生产安全；最后对故障诊断技术的发展趋势和亟待解决的问题进行了展望。     

创新：中国企业的必然选择

面对当前经济全球化、竞争日益加剧的市场环境，我国已把自主创新提高到国家战略的高度。为促进业内企业更好地认识和实践创新理念，中国橡胶工业协会于9月28日在山东泰安举办了“橡胶工业自主创新论坛”。本刊为此全文刊出国务院发展研究中心企业战略研究室主任、研究员马骏在会上做的报告，同时辑录了几家在自主创新过程中富有特色的企业，将他们的基本工作和成功经验与大家分享，希望有所裨益。     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating prepared via facile sol-gel process

A highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating was obtained from a new bis-silylated precursor, which was synthesized from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and m-xylylene diisocyanate (m-XDI) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and verified by ¹H MAS NMR. For direct comparison purposes, an SiO₂ coating was also prepared by the Stöber method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the reactant. Interestingly, the coating obtained from the polysilsesquioxane sol exhibited a much higher moisture resistance capability than its counterpart, which was attributed to its more compact feature between nanoparticles as characterized by N₂ absorption experiment and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, its high transparency of about 92% showed potential for application in the protection of optical crystals.