多壁碳纳米管/聚苯胺纳米复合材料的制备与表征

通过原位氧化聚合法制备出多壁碳纳米管/聚苯胺(MWCNTs/PANI)纳米复合材料,并利用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)等手段对其进行表面化学组成和微观形貌进行表征。结果表明MWCNTs/PANI纳米复合物被成功制备。     

环氧树脂/石墨烯/多壁碳纳米管复合材料力学性能研究

以环氧树脂(EP)为基体、石墨烯(GNP)和多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)为增强材料制备了EP/GNP/MWCNT纳米复合材料,通过拉伸试验考察了GNP与MWCNT的混合比例对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:当GNP与MWCNT的总添加量为0.3%、混合比例为50:50时,EP/GNP/MWCNT纳米复合材料的综合力学性能达到最佳,此时复合材料的弹性模量、拉伸屈服强度、拉伸断裂强度、破坏应变等均达到或接近最大值。     

聚氨酯/镍-碳纳米管复合材料的研究

首先采用混酸氧化法处理多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs),然后运用化学镀的方法,在碳纳米管的表面包裹金属镍,制备了镍-碳纳米管(Ni-MWCNTs)纳米复合材料。以所制备的Ni-MWCNTs纳米复合材料为添加剂,丙烯酸酯类聚氨酯(PUR)为基体,制备了PUR/Ni-MWCNTs功能复合材料。对材料的热力学性能和电性能进行了表征,并讨论了Ni-MWCNTs的含量对PUR/Ni-MWCNTs功能复合材料性能的影响。     

草酸掺杂磺化聚苯胺/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的制备与性能

聚苯胺(polyaniline,PANI)磺化后,可显著提高水溶加工性,具有重要工业应用价值,目前的关键是如何获得高导电性的磺化聚苯胺(sulfonatedpolyaniline,SPAN)。本文以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)作为导电添加剂,草酸作为掺杂剂,采用溶液中的化学氧化聚合法制得了具有核-壳结构的聚苯胺(PANI)包覆多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)复合材料后,再对其进行氯磺化,得到了具有良好导电性的SPAN包覆MWCNT复合材料。紫外-可见光谱研究发现,MWCNT与SPAN之间存在着静电相互作用,稳定了SPAN分子链中的共轭作用,增强了共轭长度。性能测试表明该复合材料的电导率可达到4.45S/cm,比相同方法制备的SPAN高出约5个数量级;在水溶液中的溶解度约为1mg/mL,采用过滤的方法获得了一层均匀且光滑的黑色薄膜,表明其具有优异的成膜性。     

PE-HD/GNP/MWCNT纳米复合材料性能

采用熔融共混法制备了高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)/石墨烯纳米片(GNP)/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)纳米复合材料。研究了GNP/MWCNT比例对PE-HD/GNP/MWCNT纳米复合材料流变特性、电学及力学性能的影响。结果表明,3种PE-HD/GNP/MWCNT纳米复合材料的储能模量曲线均在低频区出现"第二平台"。MWCNT含量增大有利于提高纳米复合材料的导电性,GNP/MWCNT比例为2/8时,复合材料呈现出更低的体积电阻率。当GNP+MWCNT含量为0.5份、GNP/MWCNT比例分别为7/3,5/5,2/8时,PE-HD/GNP/MWCNT纳米复合材料悬臂梁缺口冲击强度均呈现最大值,分别为15.05,9.98,10.42 kJ/m~2,是纯PE-HD的2.32,1.54,1.60倍。纳米复合材料冲击韧性提高的根本原因在于GNP和MWCNT协同诱发PE-HD基体产生明显的屈服。GNP/MWCNT填料的加入可使3种纳米复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度有所提高。     

PA6/聚苯胺复合材料的研制

通过共混、原位聚合方法制备尼龙(PA)6/聚苯胺(PANI)复合材料,并利用不同的改性剂改性PA6/PANI复合材料.结果表明,改性复合材料中PANI的微观结构为纳米结构.当采用复合改性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)、1,5-萘二磺酸(1,5-NDA)改性PA6/PANI复合材料时,PANI的分散性最好,且具有较均一的纳米球结构.与未改性PA6/PANI复合材料相比,CTAB-1,5-NDA改性复合材料的电导率有显著提高,当PANI质量分数分别为20%、40%时,复合材料的室温电导率分别可达4.64×10-2S/cm和0.13 S/cm,该复合材料在电极材料方面具有广阔的开发和应用前景.     

静电纺PVA/PEO/多壁碳纳米管超细纤维的制备与性能

采用超声波辅助溶液共混的方式制备聚乙烯醇/多壁碳纳米管(PVA/MWCNT)复合溶液,并将该溶液与聚氧化乙烯(PEO)溶液共混,利用静电纺丝技术制备PVA/PEO/MWCNTs复合超细纤维。运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)方法对不同MWCNTs含量的PVA/PEO/MWCNTs复合纤维的微观形貌、结构和热性能进行了观察分析。结果表明:随着MWCNTs含量的增加,纤维直径显著变细,MWCNTs的加入降低了纤维的结晶性,纤维的热稳定性有所提高。     

聚氨酯/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其性能研究

通过强碱球磨方法对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行了改性处理,并对其化学结构和微观形态进行了分析.采用溶液共混法制备了聚氨酯(PUR)/MWCNTs复合材料.利用扫描电子显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对其进行了表征.探讨了MWCNTs对PUR/MWCNTs复合材料力学性能、热稳定性以及电导率的影响.结果表明,MWCNTs...     

碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料修饰电极制备及应用研究进展

综述了碳纳米管(CNTs)/聚苯胺(PANI)复合材料修饰电极的层层组装法和电共沉积法等制备方法,详细介绍了国内外关于CNTs/PANI复合材料修饰电极在抗坏血酸、葡萄糖、酚类及多酚类化合物、氨基甲酸酯类农药检测方面的研究进展并对该修饰电极的应用和发展前景进行了展望。     

碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料修饰电极制备及应用研究进展

综述了碳纳米管(CNTs)/聚苯胺(PANI)复合材料修饰电极的层层组装法和电共沉积法等制备方法,详细介绍了国内外关于CNTs/PANI复合材料修饰电极在抗坏血酸、葡萄糖、酚类及多酚类化合物、氨基甲酸酯类农药检测方面的研究进展并对该修饰电极的应用和发展前景进行了展望。     

Botanical Hydrocarbon Sources based MWCNTs Synthesized by Spray Pyrolysis Method for DSSC Applications

The present study aims to synthesize corrosion free counter electrodes for DSSC and evaluate their efficiency in comparison with carbon electrodes. We compare the PCE (Power Conversion Efficiency) of a MWCNT counter electrode DSSC with a carbon coated counter electrode DSSC. MWCNTs are prepared by a spray pyrolysis method and TiO₂ nanoparticles are prepared by aWCT (Wet Chemical Technique). XRD analysis for TiO₂ 2θ = 25.3 shows the presence of anatase phase and 2θ = 25.9 shows the hexagonal graphite structure ofMWCNTs. SEM images of TiO₂ nanoparticles show irregular morphology and for MWCNTs, the SEM image shows the formation of MWCNTS. The exact grain size ofMWCNTs and TiO₂ nanoparticles are studied by TEM analysis. In the DSSC application, MWCNTs coated the DSSC show higher efficiency (2.5 %) than carbon coated DSSC (1.9 %).     

染料敏化太阳能电池Pt/NiP/ITO对电极的制备和性能

在ITO导电玻璃表面化学镀NiP合金薄膜,然后电化学沉积Pt纳米粒子,形成染料敏化太阳能电池Pt/NiP/ITO对电极。优化了化学镀NiP合金的工艺条件;研究了NiP的结构和铂载量对Pt/NiP/ITO电极形貌和催化活性的影响。采用原子力显微镜分析Pt/NiP/ITO电极的表面形貌;采用循环伏安法、电化学交流阻抗法表征其电化学性能;采用单体DSSC的光电流–电压曲线表征其光伏性能。测试结果表明,在ITO基体上化学镀NiP合金,提高了电极的导电性和光反射能力,改善了电极表面Pt粒子的分布,使电池的短路电流密度和光电转化效率分别提高了4%和11%。     

Plasma-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes with polyaniline for glucose biosensor applications

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was modified through plasma polymerization of aniline by applying different radio frequency (radio frequency (RF): 13.56?MHz) powers. The modified MWCNTs were investigated in terms of morphology, chemical structure, and thermal behaviors, indicating the formation of composites based on the surface modification of MWCNT with polyaniline (PANI). These composites were then used in amperometric glucose biosensor, which was constructed by immobilizing glucose oxidase on premodified Pt electrode with PANI/MWCNT composites. The biosensor based on the composite obtained under RF power of 60?W exhibited the high sensitivity of 54.91?µA mM^?1 cm^?2 to glucose.     

A Novel Membraneless Direct Hydrazine/Air Fuel Cell

In this paper multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) supported binary AgNi nanoparticles are prepared by chemical reduction of Ag and Ni precursors with NaBH₄. Fe/PANI catalyst is obtained by direct pyrolysis of Fe‐doped polyaniline in N₂ atmosphere at high temperature. Results show that the Fe/PANI catalyst presents high electroactivity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. The onset potential for ORR is 0.01 V(vs Hg/HgO) and the ORR current density is 3.4 mA cm⁻²@2000rpm at –0.4 V(vs HgO/Hg). A gas diffusion electrode is fabricated by using the Fe/PANI as the electrocatalyst of ORR. In alkaline media the AgNi/MWCNT catalyst displays efficient electroactivity for hydrazine oxidation. A lower onset potential of –0.5 V(vs Hg/HgO) and high current density for hydrazine oxidation are observed. A novel membrane‐less direct hydrazine/air fuel cell is designed by using the AgNi/MWCNT catalyst as the anode and the gas diffusion electrode as the cathode. The as‐fabricated fuel cell works properly and presents higher power density and current density.     

电化学合成锌/碳纳米管纳米复合物测定H_2O_2

文章采用电化学方法合成了锌/聚苯胺/碳纳米管纳米复合物。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对产物的形貌和晶相进行了表征,结果表明:锌纳米粒子均匀的分散在碳纳米管表面。该复合物修饰充蜡石墨电极对过氧化氢有优异的电催化性能,明显地降低了过氧化氢的还原超电势。在磷酸缓冲溶液(pH=7.0)中,过氧化氢的还原电流与浓度在1×10-4～0.03M范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检测限达到9.8×10-7M,相关系数0.993。     

In situ oxidative polymerization of polyaniline counter electrode on ITO conductive glass substrate

Polyaniline (PANI) electrode was synthesized on a conducting indium tin oxide glass by in situ oxidative polymerization to construct a low production cost counter electrode of dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The scanning electron microscopy image showed that PANI electrode was a porous state with the particles diameter in 20–30 nm. The cyclic voltammogram measurement revealed that PANI electrode had smaller charge transfer resistance and higher electrocatalytic activity for I/I^? redox reaction. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of PANI was high to 53.114 m²/g, and the high surface area of PANI electrode benefited for the absorption of electrolyte. Finally, we compared the photoelectric properties of DSSC using the PANI counter electrode and platinized counter electrode. The results indicated the efficiency of DSSC with PANI electrode reached 2.64%, which was higher than that with platinized electrode (1.75%). Therefore, the PANI counter electrode with excellent catalytic performance is a potential substitute for platinized electrode to save cost of DSSC. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Copper chloride‐doped polyaniline/multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites: Superior electrode material for supercapacitor applications

In this study, copper chloride (CuCl₂)‐doped polyaniline (PANI)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposite (PANI C2 CNT), CuCl₂‐doped PANI (PANI C2) and pure PANI was synthesized by in situ oxidative polymerization method, using ammonium peroxodisulfate as oxidant in HCl medium. These composites were investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitors. The interaction of metal cation (Cu²⁺) with PANI was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The morphology of the composites was characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. Electrochemical characterizations of the materials were carried out by three electrode probe method, where platinum and saturated standard calomel electrode were used as counter and reference electrode, respectively. 1 M KCl solution was used as electrolyte for all the electrochemical characterizations. The transition metal ion doping enhanced the electrochemical properties of the conducting polymer. Among all the composites, CuCl₂‐doped PANI/MWCNT showed highest specific capacitance value of 724 F/g at 10 mV s⁻¹ scan rate. The Nyquist plot of the polymeric materials showed low equivalent series resistance of the electrode materials. Thermal stability of the composites was examined by thermogravimetric analysis.POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

多壁碳纳米管/硫化铅纳米杂化材料

在经强酸氧化处理的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)上修饰以苯环为核心的聚(酰胺-胺)树枝状大分子,然后以树枝状大分子修饰的碳纳米管为模板,在碳纳米管表面原位沉积PbS纳米粒子。用XRD、SEM、TEM和TGA等手段对所得MWCNT/PbS纳米杂化材料进行表征。结果表明,利用这个方法能够使PbS纳米粒子均匀修饰在碳纳米管上,纳米粒子的平均尺寸为6.5 nm。采用开口z扫描技术研究MWCNT/PbS纳米杂化材料在1 064 nm处的非线性光学性质。MWCNT/PbS纳米杂化材料在1 064 nm处的光限幅性能优于未经修饰的碳纳米管。     

聚苯胺/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维表面形貌对生物相容性的影响

外加电场作用下聚苯胺能够调节细胞附着、增殖、迁移和分化,在体液环境下发生脱掺杂会使聚苯胺基导电可降解纳米纤维电活性减弱,但在一定程度上仍能促进细胞的黏附、生长和增殖。本文选择酒石酸作为聚苯胺在等离子体处理后的聚乳酸纳米纤维表面原位聚合过程中的酸掺杂剂,考察酒石酸与苯胺摩尔比分别在1∶1, 1∶2和1∶4下不同形貌的聚苯胺/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维对生物相容性的影响。采用SEM、TEM和FTIR表征聚苯胺形貌及化学成分,接触角评价其润湿性,MTT、ALP和免疫荧光染色评价聚苯胺/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维生物相容性。结果表明,酒石酸与苯胺摩尔比在1∶1、1∶2和1∶4下的聚苯胺形貌分别为纳米颗粒状、纳米纤维状和纳米空心管状,聚苯胺附着在聚乳酸纳米纤维表面,不会对静电纺丝的多孔结构基体产生影响;聚苯胺/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维表面润湿性良好,有助于细胞的黏附和生长;纳米纤维状的聚苯胺对生物相容性的增强效果明显优于纳米颗粒状聚苯胺,而纳米空心管状结构的聚苯胺对生物相容性增强作用更佳。     

PANI/N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

用自组装法将金属有机框架UiO-66负载到低带隙半导体N-K2Ti4O9的表面,然后采用原位氧化复合法制备导电聚合物聚苯胺粘结的PANI/N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66复合光催化剂（复合材料A）,制备了N-K2Ti4O9和UiO-66不同比例物理混合后再粘结聚苯胺的复合材料B.采用红外（IR）、场发射透射电镜（FETEM）、荧光光谱（PL）对复合材料的结构、形貌进行表征.结果表明,UiO-66负载到棒状N-K2Ti4O9的表面呈现核壳结构,聚苯胺（PANI）粘结在核壳结构N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66的表面形成复合材料,PANI粘结可以有效降低电子-空穴复合率,复合材料A具有最好的光催化性能.