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超级电容器低温性能的好坏与其电极材料及电解液密切相关,通过电化学测试研究了以活性炭和石墨烯为电极材料,1mol·L-1不同体积含量丙酸甲酯(MP)的SBP-BF4/(PC+DMC+MP)体系为电解液的超级电容不同温度时的电化学性能,分析发现,MP有助于提升有机电解液的低温性能,MP溶剂体积分数为33%的活性炭超级电容可... 相似文献
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基于碳材料的超级电容器因其高功率密度、快速充放电能力而在电化学储能技术领域发挥着重要的作用,但是较低的能量密度严重限制其发展应用。相较于常规对称型超级电容器,非对称型超级电容器可以充分利用理论工作电压窗口,大幅拓宽工作电压进而提升整体能量密度。本文简单介绍了非对称型超级电容器的优势与分类,以及在电极电位拓宽策略方面的最新研究进展,为未来开发新型超级电容器提供参考方向。 相似文献
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锂离子电容器(lithium ion capacitor,LIC)是一种新型的电化学储能器件,可以填补锂离子电池和超级电容器两者之间的性能空白,是下一代高能量密度超级电容器的前进方向。本文首先介绍了锂离子电容器的储能原理分为电解液消耗机制、锂离子交换机制以及混合机制,并围绕高能量密度的有机介质体系锂离子电容器,着重阐述了各类电容及电池型正负极材料的性质特点、优化方向及其研究现状,指出不同材料的优缺点及改性方法。同时叙述了与产业应用相关的预嵌锂技术、隔膜、电解液以及体系匹配等方面的研究现状,总结归纳了这些部件的研究对于比能量、功率、安全、稳定性等性能的提升。在产业化应用方面,针对锂离子电容器不同于锂离子电池和传统超级电容器的性能指标,总结其在智能物流、起重机电源、机器人电源及轨道交通等方面独特的应用前景。最后展望了电极材料微观结构优化及功能集成、电解液专用化,预嵌锂成本进一步压缩、以及检测及原位表征方法的开发等锂离子电容器未来的发展方向。 相似文献
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《化工进展》2017,(5)
介绍了超级电容器是一种新型的绿色能量存储装置,具有高功率、良好循环寿命和工作温度范围广等优点,但是其能量密度较低,甚至达不到新型锂离子电池能量密度的十分之一,成为了限制超级电容器应用的主要问题。文章指出传统超级电容器能量密度限制因素包括:仅电极表面活性物质参与反应,电极电势充放电过程中会不断变化,以及充电过程中电解液离子的消耗等。减少电解液中离子的消耗与提升电极容量成为了解决能量密度较低的有效措施,目前研究的重点包括采用混合型结构、锂离子型结构的超级电容器等。文章指出锂离子电容器结合了传统双电层电容器和锂离子电池的优势,在保持高功率密度的同时提升了能量密度,是一种极具发展前景的混动和纯电动汽车电源。由于预嵌锂的负极也可作为锂的来源,因而锂离子电池可以选择更多的正极材料,从而开启了锂离子电池研究的新大门。 相似文献
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超级电容器电解质研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简述了近年来国内外超级电容器各种电解质,包括水系、有机体系、离子液体、固态、氧化还原等电解质的最新研究进展以及重要的理论和技术突破,着重对离子液体、水溶液及有机电解质作为超级电容器电解质的性能进行了比较,并对杂质离子的穿梭效应引起的自放电进行了讨论。最后总结指出开发具有低黏度、高电导率和高电化学稳定性的离子液体电解质是将来超级电容器在基础领域中研究的重点,并有望成为有机电解液的替代者。此外离子液体与混合有机溶剂多种成分的优化组合也是电解质的发展趋势。 相似文献
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电极材料是决定超级电容器性能的关键因素。钴酸镍纳米材料因其合成简单,价格低廉,储量丰富且理论比电容较高等优点,成为超级电容器电极材料的研究热点。但钴酸镍纳米材料导电率较低、比表面积较小且电化学稳定性较差等缺点严重影响了其实际应用。本文简单介绍了钴酸镍纳米材料的晶体结构以及其作为超级电容器电极材料时的储能机理,同时结合一些示例归纳总结了钴酸镍基纳米材料的制备方法以及钴酸镍纳米材料的改性研究现状,包括形貌改性、复合改性及引入缺陷。最后指出,钴酸镍基纳米材料的环保且高效的制备方法,通过掺杂或缺陷等方法改善其电化学性能,增大其工作电压窗口以及探索适用于钴酸镍基超级电容器工作的电解液,将是未来研究的重点。 相似文献
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以环己烷为溶剂、四氢呋喃为活化剂、正丁基锂为聚合引发剂,经阴离子聚合反应顺序加料方式合成了苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物SIS。讨论了SIS结构变量如嵌段比、分子量、分子构型的变化对SIS的机械力学性能、溶液粘度与熔融流动性能变化的影响规律。同时对比了SIS粘合剂的性能与SIS结构变化的关系。 相似文献
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The submicron fibers were prepared via electrospinning the styrene–isoprene–styrene (SIS) triblock copolymer from a pure solvent of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and a mixed solvent of THF and N, N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). The addition of DMF to THF resulted in a beneficial effect on the fiber formation and the electrospinnability. The obtained results revealed that the fibers were only formed in a narrow solution concentration range of 8–15 wt %; the morphology, diameter, structure, and mechanical performance of as‐spun fibers from PS and SIS solutions were affected by the composition weight ratio and the solution properties; and those from the solution at the intermediate concentration of 10 wt % exhibited a maximum tensile strength and strain at break. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 相似文献
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U.‐J. Yun J.‐W. Lee S.‐B. Lee T.‐H. Lim S.‐J. Park R.‐H. Song D.‐R. Shin 《Fuel Cells》2012,12(6):1099-1103
A tubular segmented‐in‐series (SIS) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) sub module for intermediate temperature (700–800 °C) operation was fabricated and operated in this study. For this purpose, we fabricated porous ceramic supports of 3 YSZ through an extrusion process and analyzed the basic properties of the ceramic support, such as visible microstructure, porosity, and mechanical strength, respectively. After that, we fabricated a tubular SIS SOFC single cell by using dip coating and vacuum slurry coating method in the case of electrode and electrolyte, and obtained at 800 °C a performance of about 400 mW cm–2. To make a sub module for tubular SIS SOFC, ten tubular SIS SOFC single cells with an effective electrode area of 1.1 cm2 were coated onto the surface of the prepared ceramic support and were connected in series by using Ag + glass interconnect between each single cell. The ten‐cell sub module of tubular SIS SOFC showed in 3% humidified H2 and air at 800 °C a maximum power of ca. 390 mW cm–2. 相似文献
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In the negative range of charge, the differential double-layer capacitance at the interface of mercury and an inorganic electrolyte solution shows a characteristic minimum. This minimum is independent of the nature of the ion, of the concentration of electrolyte and of the temperature. However, the solvent strongly influences the capacitance of the minimum. The metal charge at which the minimum occurs is uninfluenced only by the temperature. Changes of the concentration of the electrolyte as well as of the nature of the anion are able to cause a shift of the minimum. 相似文献
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五嵌段热塑性弹性体SISIS的合成 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文首先对目前工业化产品热塑性弹性体SBS和SIS的工艺问题、分子结构、生产成本和产品性能等作了详细评述,最终确定了SISIS的配方设计和完成路线,继而以改性萘锂为引发剂,经三步加料法,依次加入苯乙烯、异戊二烯和苯乙烯,首次合成了该五嵌段共聚物,并对其结果作了初步讨论。 相似文献
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R. Tchoudakov O. Breuer M. Narkis A. Siegmann 《Polymer Engineering and Science》1997,37(12):1928-1935
Electrical resistivity and morphology of high impact polystyrene (HIPS)/styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer (SIS)/carbon black (CB) blends were studied. Conductive CB particles locale preferentially within the HIPS phase of the HIPS/SIS blends. The blends studied remain conductive as long as HIPS maintains a continuous phase and the effective CB concentration within HIPS surmounts its percolation threshold. Thus, blends containing 2 phr CB depict significant changes in resistivity with the HIPS/SIS composition, transforming from insulative to conductive. SIS/CB mixtures exhibit an unusual behavior, explained by a physical model suggested in this paper and extended to the HIPS/SIS/CB systems. 相似文献
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Binder effect on cycling performance of silicon/carbon composite anodes for lithium ion batteries 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Libao Chen Xiaohua Xie Jingying Xie Ke Wang Jun Yang 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2006,36(10):1099-1104
The cycling performance of a silicon/carbon composite anode has been significantly enhanced by using acrylic adhesive and modified acrylic adhesive as binder to fabricate the electrodes for lithium ion batteries. The capacity retentions of Si/C composite electrodes bound by acrylic adhesive and modified acrylic adhesive are 79% and 90% after 50 cycles, respectively. These two binders are electrochemically stable in the organic electrolyte in the working window. They also show larger adhesion strength between the coating and the Cu current collector as well as smaller solvent absorption in the electrolyte solvent than polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Furthermore, sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) plays an important role on improving the properties of acrylic adhesive, which increases the adhesive strength of acrylic adhesive and improves the activation of the electrodes. 相似文献