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1.
环氧灌封料固化反应动力学及其性能研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
采用非等温示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了环氧树脂(E-51)/甲基四氢苯酐/DMP-30/球形SiO2体系的固化反应动力学,采用Kissinger法和Crane公式对体系的DSC数据进行了处理,获得了固化反应动力学参数,确定了固化工艺。同时通过力学性能和热性能测试研究了球形SiO2添加量对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,SiO2质量分数为10%的体系其起始固化温度为109.7℃,峰顶固化温度为134.8℃,终止固化温度为154.3℃;较好的固化工艺为100℃/2 h+140℃/2 h+160℃/2 h。该体系反应级数n=0.917,表观活化能Ea=78.52 kJ/mol。当SiO2添加量为30%时,其弯曲强度达到最大值97 MPa,同时热分解温度达到最大值332℃,试样热膨胀系数也明显降低。  相似文献   

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通过示差扫描分析法(DSC)研究了SiO2/氰酸酯树脂(CE)/含有活性稀释剂的双马来酰亚胺树脂(BMI)复合材料的固化动力学,求得其固化工艺参数为:凝胶温度87.13℃,固化温度137.27℃,后处理温度203.58℃;用Kissinger法和Ozawa法求得其固化动力学参数为:表观活化能6.692kJ/mol,反应级数1.493,Arrhenius方程中的频率因子11.9445s-1。与CE/BMI体系对比表明,SiO2的加入可以降低CE/BMI体系的活化能,使其固化反应可以在较低温度下进行。  相似文献   

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用聚氨酯(PU)弹性体/纳米SiO2复合材料协同改性聚氯乙烯(PVC),用反应挤出一步法成型工艺制备了PU弹性体/纳米SiO2/PVC复合材料,对挤出速率和温度进行了考察,并对复合材料力学性能的影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,制备该复合材料的最佳工艺条件是螺杆转速为40~50r/min、挤出机均化段温度为180~190℃;用分散于液化二异氰酸酯中的纳米SiO2制备的复合材料的性能优于用分散于聚醚二元醇中的纳米SiO2;PU弹性体和纳米SiO2能协同增韧PVC,两者质量比为5/1时增韧改性的效果最佳。当PU弹性体/纳米SiO2/PVC(质量比)为5/1/20时,复合材料的综合力学性能最优,冲击强度达到45.6kJ/m2,拉伸强度为50.3MPa。  相似文献   

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通过熔融挤出法制备了一系列聚丙烯(PP)/聚烯烃弹性体(POE)/纳米SiO2复合材料,利用差热扫描量热仪(DSC)、电子拉伸机、悬臂梁冲击试验机等对复合材料进行了表征,分析了聚烯烃弹性体和纳米SiO2对聚丙烯的热性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明:当纳米SiO2的用量为3%时,PP/POE/纳米SiO2复合材料的拉伸强度...  相似文献   

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PP/纳米SiO2/PP-g-MAH复合材料的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
通过熔融共混法制备了PP/纳米SiO2/PP-g-MAH复合材料。研究了纳米SiO2和PP-g-MAH用量对PP基体性能的影响。通过力学性能测试、DSC热分析和SEM照片观测对PP/纳米SiO2和PP/纳米SiO2/PP-g-MAH复合材料的结构和性能进行了系统的研究。结果表明:2%的纳米SiO2和10%PP-g-MAH有较好的协同效应。可以使复合材料的缺口冲击强度提高80%,拉伸强度提高12.5%。DSC表明,纳米SiO2对PP基体有异相成核作用。SEM电镜分析得出,经表面改性的纳米SiO2均匀地分散于PP基体中,从而起到良好的改性作用。  相似文献   

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多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)经酸化处理后与聚酰胺66(PA66)共纺制备MWCNTs-PA66纳米纤维膜后与邻甲酚醛环氧树脂(o-CFER)进行复合固化,制备了o-CFER/MWCNTs-PA66复合材料,并对其微观结构、力学性能和热性能进行了研究。结果表明,酸化MWCNTs表面引入了含氧基团,使PA66纤维膜的直径增大;o-CFER/MWCNTs-PA66复合材料的冲击强度、拉伸强度随MWCNTs含量的增加先增大后降低;当MWCNTs含量为0.5%(质量分数,以PA66质量为基准)时,冲击强度和拉伸强度均达到最大值分别为0.29 kJ/m~2和1.96 MPa,冲击强度较o-CFER对脂提高了23.2%,较o-CFER/PA66复合材料提高了16.3%,拉伸强度较纯o-CFER树脂提高了74%;MWCNTs-PA66复合纤维膜能够提高o-CFER的耐热性。  相似文献   

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环氧树脂/酸酐固化体系的固化动力学及耐热性研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
通过不同升温速率下的DSC研究了环氧树脂/酸酐固化体系的固化动力学.利用DSC、DMA和TGA研究了固化体系的耐热性能.通过分析确定了体系的固化工艺,采用Kissinger、Ozawa法计算出固化体系的表观活化能.其均值为62.00 kJ/mol,结合Crane公式求出反应级数为0.92.采用DSC法测得玻璃化转变温度Tg=183℃.采用DMA法测得玻璃化转变温度Tg=182℃.热失重曲线表明,固化体系的起始分解温度为350℃.  相似文献   

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结合压力容器缠绕成型工艺,研究了电子束固化树脂体系的工艺性能、固化参数及力、热性能;在国内首次采用电子束固化技术制备了T700碳纤维复合材料压力容器并通过水压试验验证。试验结果表明:电子束固化环氧体系(EB-1)具有较好的工艺性能和力学性能,耐热性能优良,达到191. 4℃;采用电子束固化工艺制备的T700碳纤维/EB-1复合材料NOL环的拉伸强度为2020 MPa,层间剪切强度为68. 9 MPa;制备的150 mm压力容器的特性系数PV/Wc为44 km,达到了目前同类热固化复合材料的水平,固化周期仅为热固化复合材料的1/15。  相似文献   

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以改性纳米SiO2为填料,通过熔融共混工艺制备聚甲醛/纳米SiO2复合材料,对其力学性能、结晶行为及热稳定性进行了研究。结果表明:复合材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度随着SiO2含量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,二者分别在SiO2质量分数为3%和1%时达到最大;而弹性模量的情况则有所不同,其随着SiO2含量的增加不断增大。DSC测试结果显示,纳米SiO2具有较好的形核作用,能够促进聚甲醛的结晶温度升高,但会抑制晶粒的生长,导致复合材料结晶度的降低。此外,纳米SiO2还能显著提高聚甲醛的热稳定性。与纯聚甲醛相比,复合材料的最大热分解温度在氮气和空气气氛下分别提高了约41.1℃和24.5℃。  相似文献   

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采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)对丁腈橡胶/AG-80/E-44环氧树脂复合材料的固化行为进行了研究。研究了反应温度对环氧树脂复合材料黏度的影响、凝胶时间随温度变化曲线,热失重法(TGA)测试了环氧树脂复合材料的耐热性能,计算了环氧树脂固化反应的反应焓、表观活化能,最后推导出固化反应条件。结果表明,随着温度升高,丁腈橡胶/AG-80/E-44环氧树脂复合材料的黏度降低,确定40℃为最佳操作温度,环氧树脂复合材料的耐热性良好。通过凝胶时间随温度变化曲线测试,确定了2步固化步骤,先低温抽真空,再高温固化。环氧树脂复合材料固化反应的表观活化能E_a为45.52kJ/mol,频率因子A为2.16×10~5/s,反应级数n为0.9,固化工艺为:80℃/2h+120℃/2h+200℃/2h。  相似文献   

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Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.  相似文献   

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In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.  相似文献   

14.
A highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating was obtained from a new bis-silylated precursor, which was synthesized from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and m-xylylene diisocyanate (m-XDI) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and verified by 1H MAS NMR. For direct comparison purposes, an SiO2 coating was also prepared by the Stöber method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the reactant. Interestingly, the coating obtained from the polysilsesquioxane sol exhibited a much higher moisture resistance capability than its counterpart, which was attributed to its more compact feature between nanoparticles as characterized by N2 absorption experiment and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, its high transparency of about 92% showed potential for application in the protection of optical crystals.  相似文献   

15.
Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.  相似文献   

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Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.  相似文献   

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