合成气制乙二醇工艺不同含水量废甲醇回收综合利用系统

正中国石油天然气集团公司开发出一种合成气制乙二醇工艺不同含水量废甲醇回收综合利用系统。设有多个分别用于回收不同含水量甲醇的回收甲醇储罐,回收甲醇储罐的进口连接合成气制乙二醇工艺系统中相应含水量甲醇的可回收甲醇排放口,回收甲醇储罐的出口连接合成气制乙二醇工艺系统中允许回用相应含水量甲醇的回用甲醇进口。多个回收甲醇储罐中,至少用于回收最低含水量甲醇的回收甲醇储罐上设有新鲜甲醇进口。该系统按工艺要求将不同含水量回收甲醇回用到     

天然气制甲醇合成气工艺及进展

论述了国内外天然气制甲醇合成气各工艺的研究现状,进展及发展方向。天然气制合成气的典型工艺是水蒸气催化转化法,其技术成熟,但投资大,能耗高,生产的合成气不适于直接用来合成甲醇。天然气与CO2催化转化工艺可制得富含CO的合成气,解决蒸气转化法氢过剩的问题,实现CO2的减排,目前对该法的研究主要集中在开发新型催化剂和优化反应条件等。两段转化法即一段炉采用蒸气转化,两段炉用富氧或纯氧转化,无需经转化炉前或炉后添加二氧化碳,就可达到合成甲醇原料气成分的要求。甲烷部分氧化法能耗低,反应易控制,可制得符合比例要求的甲醇合成气,但尚未见到该技术工业化的相关报道。甲烷自热转化工艺是在反应器中耦合了放热的甲烷部分氧化反应和强吸热的甲烷蒸气转化反应,反应体系本身可实现自供热,该工艺一般采用富氧空气或氧气,因此需氧气分离装置,增加了投资,这是制约其发展和应用的主要障碍。     

国内文献摘要

<正>一种煤制液化天然气的工艺本发明公开了一种煤制液化天然气(LNG)的工艺,该工艺具体为:煤制合成气甲烷化前仅精脱硫,CO2仍留在合成气中,甲烷化后再进行脱除CO2至50×10-6(vol%)送去液化,生产LNG。本发明采用无循环气的甲烷化工艺,脱CO2采用低温分离与低温甲醇洗相结合的工艺。在压力2.4MPa~2.6MPa,温度-50℃~-60℃。先进行低温分离CO2,塔釜得到液     

提高碎煤熔渣气化煤制气项目经济性探讨

碎煤熔渣气化煤气组分含有高甲烷和高合成气(CO+H_2)。高合成气(CO+H_2)在煤制天然气流程处理中设备庞大,增加项目投资;结合高合成气(CO+H_2)煤化工工艺处理采用甲醇/甲烷联产工艺提高项目经济性探索。     

合成气中甲烷分离工艺探讨

针对合成气中含有的甲烷气体,提出了采用变压吸附和低温冷箱相结合的分离工艺对合成气中的甲烷进行分离的工业试验研究方案。该方法可减少了工业废气排放,使合成气资源得到综合利用,具有显著的经济与社会效益。     

甲烷化工序运行小结

江苏灵谷化工有限公司（以下简称灵谷公司）总氨能力为450kt／a生产装置采用水煤浆加压气化生产粗煤气,粗煤气经耐硫变换和热量回收后,再经低温甲醇洗脱硫脱碳、甲烷化精制制得合成气,合成气经压缩后低压合成氨。甲烷化精制的目的是完全去除粗合成气中碳氧化物（CO＋CO2）,使甲烷化系统出口合成气中（CO＋CO2）控制〈10×10^-6（体积分数,下同）。     

氨厂甲醇化与甲烷化串联工艺

论述精制氨合成气并副产部分甲醇的甲醇化与甲烷化串联工艺,以及改造现有氨厂的可行性.     

循环比对甲醇合成过程影响

合成甲醇的原料气中,主要含有一氧化碳、氢气和二氧化碳,还含有少量的氮气、氩气、甲烷等惰性气体,由于甲醇合成是反复循环的反应过程,循环气中还应考虑到未完全分离的甲醇蒸汽及生成的甲烷对合成的影响。合成气成分对甲醇合成反应影响很大,本文中探讨循环比对甲醇合成过程影响对甲醇合成的控制有着特别重要的意义。     

甲醇合成路线及其进展

介绍了甲醇合成的各种路线及其最新进展。合成气合成甲醇是现行的主要工艺路线 ,而甲烷氧化法、二氧化碳加氢法是甲醇合成路线的研究热点。     

合成甲醇过程中二氧化碳的回收

<正>在一个合成回路中反应合成气制甲醇的方法,碳氧类原料(1)被裂化后转换成合成气,合成回路中反应生成合成气,获得粗甲醇更进一步获得高规格甲醇,以及在粗甲醇中溶解的二氧化碳被回收到裂化部分,以调节合成气的化学计量比。在一个优选实施比例中,闪蒸气体(9)从粗甲醇分离(8)和轻烃(10)来自蒸馏过程被压缩机循环到裂化炉中,进而     

Integrated Scheme of Natural Gas Usage with Minimum Production of Entropy

Three schemes of the gas turbine cycle have been analyzed from the point of view of the second law of thermodynamics: the conventional gas turbine cycle, where natural gas (methane) is oxidized by air; a closed gas turbine cycle, in which methane is oxidized by oxygen; and a proposed gas turbine cycle, in which the methane is first converted to synthesis gas (a mixture of carbon oxide and hydrogen), then part of the synthesis gas is oxidized by oxygen for electric energy generation while the rest is withdrawn from the power cycle for production of methanol, ether, synthetic fuel, etc. It has been shown that the third integrated scheme of natural gas usage provides minimum entropy increase as well as suppression of toxic nitrogen oxides generation in combustion products. Therefore, it could be considered as a prospective energy‐saving technology.     

焦炉煤气综合利用制取液化天然气

本文介绍了一种焦炉煤气利用新技术,将焦炉煤气中的甲烷和氢气从煤气中分离出来。分离出的甲烷生产液化天然气（LNG）,氢气通过锅炉燃烧产生蒸汽,可以提供动力和热力。此工艺具有投资规模小、焦炉煤气利用率高、收益大、无污染等特点,是中小焦化企业焦炉煤气综合利用、提高经济效益的好途径。     

The Catalytic Synthesis of Hydrocarbons from Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen

The increasing demand for energy, coupled with the uncertainty and expense of crude oil imports, has renewed interest in the production of fuels and chemicals from hydrogen-deficient materials. These energy sources such as coal, residua, oil shale, and tar sands can be gasified with steam and oxygen to produce a gas containing large quantities of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Once methane is removed from this CO/H₂ mixture it is purified to remove S poisons and then reacted over a catalyst to produce a variety of organic products. The synthesis of hydrocarbon products, with the exception of methane, is commonly referred to as the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.     

Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over some titanates based perovskite oxides

Ca_1–x - _x Sr _x TiO₃-based mixed oxide catalysts containing chromium, iron, cobalt or nickel were prepared and used in the oxidation of methane. The catalyst containing cobalt or nickel showed high activity for the synthesis gas production from methane. In the case of nickel containing catalyst, nickel oxide originally separated from the perovskite structure was easily reduced to nickel metal, which showed synthesis gas production activity. In the case of the cobalt containing catalyst, pretreatment with methane was required for high activity. Reduced metallic cobalt was formed from the perovskite structure, which revealed relatively high selectivity for the oxidative coupling of methane, and afforded synthesis gas production. Both the catalysts also catalyzed carbon dioxide reforming of methane and especially both high activity and selectivity were observed over the nickel containing catalyst.     

联合两段氧化制合成气/F-T合成的GTL工艺和催化剂

A novel process for catalytic oxidation of methane to synthesis gas (syngas),which consists of two consecutive fixed-bed reactors with air introduced into the reactors,integrated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis,was investigated.At the Same time,a catalytic combustion technology has been investigated for utilizing the F-T offgas to generate heat or powr energy.The results show that the two-stage fixed reactor process keep away from explosion of CH4/O2.The integrated process is fitted to produce diesel oil and lubricating oil in remote gas field.     

Carbon dioxide reforming of methane with a free energy minimization approach

Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to syngas is one of the primary technologies of the new poly-generation energy system on the basis of gasification gas and coke oven gas. A free energy minimization is applied to study the influence of operating parameters (temperature, pressure and methane-to-carbon dioxide ratio) on methane conversion, products distribution, and energy coupling between methane oxidation and carbon dioxide reforming methane. The results show that the methane conversion increases with temperature and decreases with pressure. When the methane-to-carbon dioxide ratio increases, the methane conversion drops but the H₂/CO ratio increases. By the introduction of oxygen, an energy balance in the process of the carbon dioxide reforming methane and oxidation can be realized, and the CO/H₂ ratio can be adjusted as well without water-gas shift reaction for Fischer-Tropsch or methanol synthesis. This work was presented at the 6 ^th Korea-China Workshop on Clean Energy Technology held at Busan, Korea, July 4–7, 2006.     

等离子体技术在天然气化工中的应用

论述了热等离子体裂解天然气制乙炔和冷等离子体促进天然气转化的研究概况 ,着重从反应过程、反应器、等离子体与催化剂的协同效应、反应机理和动力学方面评述了国内外等离子体技术在天然气化工中利用的研究进展和发展趋势 .     

激光催化氧化甲烷合成化合物的研究进展

天然气储量丰富，日益成为重要的清洁能源之一，而从其主要成分甲烷合成高附加值化合物更是研究前沿。由于甲烷结构稳定，CH键能很高，因而活化甲烷需要的条件非常苛刻。本文首先介绍了普通光催化氧化甲烷合成化合物的反应原理、研究进展、催化反应器和存在不足，然后综述了激光催化氧化甲烷合成化合物的反应原理、研究进展和催化反应器。指出激光光源具有提高光催化剂量子效率和缩短催化反应时间等诸多优势，接下来在深入研究激光催化反应机理的基础上，通过设计科学合理的激光反应体系，并遴选高效的光催化剂，有望显著提升包括甲烷氧化在内的激光催化反应性能，从而具有重要的学术意义和实践价值。今后的重点研究方向是通过激光催化氧化的方法使甲烷在温和的条件下活化，并合成高附加值化合物。     

Production of synthesis gas

The state-of-the-art for the production of synthesis gas from the steam reforming of methane is reviewed and discussed. Particular attention is given to the design of the tubular reformer and carbon formation on the nickel catalyst. Improvements in syngas technology are discussed, including: CO₂ reforming, autothermal reforming and heat exchange reforming, and the energy efficiencies of direct and indirect methane conversion are compared and contrasted.     

布朗深冷净化工艺综述

布朗合成氨工艺是当今世界先进水平的低能耗合成氨工艺,深冷净化是其中的核心,也是其独特之处。它利用原料气自身过量的氮,对原料气进行洗涤,除去几乎全部的甲烷、60%的氩气及过量的氮气,以使出口气体氢氮比达到3∶1。深冷净化的作用主要是把新鲜气的制备和氨的合成这两个系统完全分开,显著地提高了整套装置的操作弹性,使工艺操作更为灵活、方便、稳定。本工艺现已在大型合成氨装置中得到了很好的应用,未来可以将其应用于中小型合成氨厂,以降低生产合成氨的能耗。