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电化学储能材料及储能技术是新能源利用和实现双碳目标的关键。本文结合上海电力大学上海市电力材料防护与新材料重点实验室的研究成果,综述了近年来电化学储能材料及储能技术的最新研究进展,包括锂离子电池、钠离子电池、锂硫电池和超级电容器等,分析了各电化学储能技术目前存在的主要问题,从电化学储能机理的角度出发,介绍了正负电极、隔膜、电解质和集流体等电化学储能材料组成和结构的改进方法,为开发大容量、长寿命、高安全、低成本的电化学储能器件提供新的思路。最后,对电化学储能技术的未来发展趋势提出了展望,即探索全固态电池、金属-空气电池等新一代储能器件,拓展电化学储能器件在全温度、柔性条件下的适用性。 相似文献
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阐述了水滑石纳米材料结构和性能之间的关系及近年来水滑石纳米材料在电化学生物传感器方面应用的最新进展。重点介绍了水滑石纳米材料在吸附生物酶制备电化学传感器、水滑石纳米片固定生物酶制备电化学传感器、水滑石纳米片固定其它活性组分制备电化学传感器、水滑石自构筑电化学传感器等方面的应用。着重对水滑石纳米材料制备电化学传感器的机理和制备方法进行了系统概述。提出了水滑石纳米材料构筑电化学生物传感器应用研究的发展趋势:对水滑石纳米材料进行多层、多组分、微型化和阵列化等多样化设计,指出高选择性和高灵敏度检测是未来新型电化学生物传感器应用研究的主要发展方向。 相似文献
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The protective properties of organic coatings for outdoor applications are generally evaluated by means of accelerated laboratory tests, including electrochemical techniques. The coatings are stressed by different mechanical, chemical, thermal loads and the effects on the protective properties can be measured by using well established electrochemical techniques, like electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemical noise, etc. An open question is how these accelerated tests can be correlated with natural exposure in different environments. 相似文献
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电催化和粒子群电极用于处理有机工业污水 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
电化学方法处理含有机污染物的污水已引起广泛的兴趣。在电催化电极的作用下,电化学反应和化学催化作用结合,导致有机分子的电催化降解。由于粒子群电极可以提高电解效率,所以近年来受到相当的关注。选用合适的电极材料和采用粒子群电极可以加速电化学反应速率和增进电化学对催化作用的促进作用,因而在有机污水处理中它们将有助于有机物的电化学转化反应。其中论述了两个重要的问题,电极材料选择的科学依据和粒子群电极的应用前 相似文献
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电化学技术与环境保护 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
综述了电化学清洁能源体系、电化学清洁工艺、污染物的去除与回收以及电化学传感器的应用与进展,着重评述了旨在提高电化学技术对环境保护能力的电化学工艺及装置的研究状况与发展方向,分析了各类化学电源、电化学传感器的性能及应用前景。 相似文献
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《Fuel》2005,84(2-3):235-238
Optimum conditions for pyrite removal from a high-sulfur coal by electrochemical reduction during flotation are determined by orthogonal experiments. The electrochemical reduction process of pure pyrite is examined with XRD, electrochemical and chemical analysis. The results show that the electrochemical reduction products of pyrite are FeS and S2−. During this process, the reactions at cathode are: FeS2+2e→FeS+S2− and 2H++2e→H2. The corresponding electrode potentials and kinetic equation are determined. The conversion of hydrophobic pyrite to hydrophilic FeS and S2− by electrochemical reduction is beneficial to desulfurization from coal in floatation process. 相似文献
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Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are grown on metal catalysts and electrochemical treatment is used to remove the metal catalyst residuals from the as-grown CNFs. For comparison, the CNFs are also purified by a chemical method and a thermal method. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) properties of CNFs purified by these three methods are examined by cyclic voltammetry. CNFs treated by the electrochemical method have a more positive ORR onset reduction potential and peak potential compared with those treated by chemical and thermal methods, and this is because the microstructures of CNFs are less changed by electrochemical method. However, they have a lower electrochemical capacity and ORR peak current than those treated by the chemical method. Cyclic voltammetric measurements at different scan rates confirm that the oxygen reductions on CNFs treated by electrochemical and chemical methods are controlled by diffusion, while on CNFs treated by thermal method is partially influenced by diffusion. 相似文献