印染废水回用处理技术研究

根据以活性染料为主要染料的针织棉布染色废水的特点,提出了采用混凝脱色-曝气生物滤池,再深度处理的回用处理工艺进行现场试验研究。研究结果表明,该工艺可以将印染废水色度去除至10倍以下,CODCr处理至20mg／L以下,SS达到2mg／L以下,浊度低于3NTU。该工艺可行的关键在于高效脱色混凝剂的选择和曝气生物滤池的应用。高效脱色混凝剂色度去除率达98％。曝气生物滤池的出水CODCr质量浓度为20mg／L。废水经处理后与新鲜水按体积比1：1混合后。可满足印染生产用水的水质要求。     

Fenton氧化-BAF联合工艺深度处理印染废水二级出水的研究

根据印染废水二级出水高色度、难生物降解的特点,提出了Fenton氧化-曝气生物滤池(BAF)的深度联合处理工艺。该组合工艺是采用Fenton试剂进行氧化预处理,去除色度和部分有机物,提高废水的可生化性,再通过后续的BAF工艺去除大部分有机物。结果表明,在二级出水色度为1000,COD为250 mg/L,最终出水的色度低于20倍,COD低于50 mg/L,达到中水回用标准。     

曝气生物滤池-臭氧氧化-曝气生物滤池组合工艺对印染废水的深度处理

采用曝气生物滤池(BAF)-臭氧氧化-曝气生物滤池三段组合工艺对二级生化后的印染废水进行深度处理,进水COD为90～150 mg/L,色度为16-32倍,经该工艺处理后的出水COD<35 mg/L,去除率>75%,色度降到4倍以下.工程运行实践表明,该深度处理系统运行稳定,处理效率高,出水水质达到印染场洗水工序对水质的要求.     

混凝+A/O+臭氧-曝气生物滤池深度处理印染废水工程

介绍了采用"混凝+A/O+臭氧-曝气生物滤池"为主体工艺对具有高色度、高SS含量、成分复杂、难于深度处理和排放要求高等特点的印染废水进行深度处理的工程实例。经实际调试运行结果表明,该工艺能达到较好的处理效果,COD、SS和色度去除率均在95%以上,出水达到了GB 4287-2012表3直接排放要求。     

Fenton试剂-曝气生物滤池处理酸性玫瑰红印染废水

根据酸性玫瑰红印染废水高色度、难生物降解的特点,提出了Fenton试剂-曝气生物滤池(BAF)的组合工艺.该组合工艺是采用Fenton试剂进行氧化预处理,去除色度和部分有机物,提高废水的可生化性,再通过后续的BAF工艺去除大部分有机物.实验结果表明,在原水色度为2 000度、CODCr为140～160 mg/L的情况下.最终出水的色度低于20度、CODCr低于20 mg/L,达到中水回用标准.     

印染企业废水处理工程实例

针对福建省某印染企业经水洗、上色等工艺产生的废水有机物含量高,色度大,可生化性差的特点,采用混凝-水解酸化-生物接触氧化-臭氧催化氧化-曝气生物滤池深度处理的主体处理工艺,处理印染废水。该工艺运行结果表明:经过该工艺处理后,处理出水稳定,COD≤30 mg/L,SS≤10 mg/L,氨氮≤1.5 mg/L,BOD5≤6 mg/L,达到符合排入地表Ⅳ类水体的水质标准。     

水解酸化/延时曝气工艺处理印染废水

采用水解酸化+延时曝气生物工艺处理印染废水,在水量为3000m3/d(125m3/h),进水CODcr为1800 mg/L,BOD5为700mg/L,SS为300mg/L,色度为1024倍的情况下,先采用混凝沉淀池先对印染废水进行处理,去除大部分SS和一定的色度之后进入水解酸化池(A池),进行厌氧处理,降低有机物含量,最后进入延时曝气池(O池),进一步除去CODcr、BOD5,最后再次用混凝沉淀工艺,进一步去除色度和降低废水的COD值,确保废水的色度和COD指标达标,污水经处理后达GB8978-1996一级排放标准。     

造纸废水臭氧-曝气生物滤池深度处理技术研究

研究了臭氧-曝气生物滤池工艺对造纸废水二级生化出水的深度处理.结果表明,臭氧预氧化能将难降解的大分子有机物分解成小分子有机物,废水的可生化性得到了显著提高,B/C由0.21提高到0.45.臭氧-曝气生物滤池联合工艺对各种污染物都有很好的去除效果,COD、浊度主要是通过臭氧单元和BAF单元的共同作用去除,氨氮的去除主要是通过BAF单元的生物硝化作用,而UV254、色度的降解则是臭氧起主导作用.经深度处理后,出水可达到新颁布的制浆造纸工业水污染物排放标准.     

水解酸化—A~2/O—曝气生物滤池工艺处理综合印染废水

针对江苏某工业园内综合印染废水,采用混凝沉淀—ABR水解酸化—A2/O—曝气生物滤池工艺对其进行了中试处理研究。结果表明:印染废水经ABR水解酸化处理后,废水的可生化性显著提高,整个工艺对BOD5、COD、TP、TN、色度去除效果良好,去除率分别为87%、93%、76%、94%、68%,最终出水水质达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 19819—2002)一级B标准。     

南方某电厂生活污水处理系统试验研究

采用曝气生物滤池和消毒池处理生活污水,以满足火电厂生活废水处理要求,研究了该系统对废水中p H影响,以及对浊度,COD和氨氮去除效果。实验结果表明,该系统可以有效实现有机物和氨氮的同步去除。出水的p H为6~9,曝气生物滤池的出水浊度可达到2.4 NTU,出水COD可达到11.4 mg/L,氨氮可达到6 mg/L左右,氨氮的去除率可达到85%。     

EFFECT OF IMPELLER SPEED AND VISCOSITY ON WHEY LACTOSE HYDROLYSIS AND β-GALACTOSIDASE STABILITY

In the present work, the effects of impeller speed and viscosity on the enzymatic hydrolysis of whey lactose and enzyme inactivation were studied. The experiments were carried out in 250 mL of 25 mM phosphate buffer solution containing 50 g/L whey lactose by using a commercial β-galactosidase produced from Kluyveromyces marxianus in a batch reactor system. The degree of lactose hydrolysis (%) and residual enzyme activity (%) was investigated versus impeller speeds from 100 to 600 rpm and viscosities from 1.005 to 13.43 cp for 30 minutes of processing time. The mathematical models depending on these process parameters were derived using the experimental data of residual lactose concentration and residual β-galactosidase activity. The predicted models have been confirmed with the experimental results.     

FLAVOR ENCAPSULATION AND RELEASE CHARACTERISTICS OF SPRAY-DRIED POWDER BY THE BLENDED ENCAPSULANT OF CYCLODEXTRIN AND GUM ARABIC

The flavor inclusion powder was prepared by spray drying, using the combined encapsulation method of inclusion by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and emulsified by gum arabic (GA). d-Limonene and ethyl n-hexanoate were used as model flavors. The application of high pressure by Microfluidizer to the mixture of flavors and β-CD slurry was an effective means of forming inclusion complex. Flavor retention during spray drying under various compositions of the encapsulants was investigated. The flavor retention using the blended encapsulant was increased by adding GA in the encapsulant. The characteristics of release of encapsulated flavor during storage were evaluated at 50°C and 75% of relative humidity. The release rate of flavor in spray-dried powder depended on kinds of the flavors and composition of the encapsulant. The blending MD and β-CD in the feed liquid decreased the release rate of flavors. The rate of release of flavor was analyzed by Avrami's Equation.     

聚苯硫醚复合材料的增强与增韧

介绍了聚苯硫醚(PPS)树脂的物化性能，对近年来PPS复合材料的增强、增韧以及加工性能改性等方面的研究进展进行了简要的述评。     

材料科学与工程中应用ANN的前景

介绍了ANN的基本概念和内涵及其主要用途，如在材料学科中的数据处理，尤其是陶瓷材料设计和材料检测中的应用前景。指出在现有研究的水平上，采用ANN解决材料科学与工程实际问题时的优点和局限性。     

塑钢门窗的质量问题及改进措施

分析了塑钢门窗存在的质量问题，指出必须从型材质量、拼装质量、设计选型、安装施工、质量监督等各个环节下功夫，才能提高塑钢门窗的质量，为推广使用创造条件。     

FT合成反应器的研制与开发

论述了ＦＴ合成反应器的研制与开发背景、工艺与结构特点及技术经济优势，并对ＦＴ合成反应器研制与开发的前景做了简要分析。     

碳包覆白炭黑的研究及在橡胶中的应用

以葡萄糖为碳源物质制备出碳包覆白炭黑填料,通过改变葡萄糖在碳包覆白炭黑填料中的占比,研究不同碳含量对碳包覆填料/橡胶纳米复合材料性能的影响。研究表明,碳包覆白炭黑填料在橡胶中的分散性能及其填充胶加工性能都大幅提升,以葡萄糖为碳源的碳包覆填料硫化胶的耐磨性能相比纯白炭黑硫化胶提升 30%时的碳包覆白炭黑填料填充胶的物理机械性能最为优异。本文通过对碳包覆填料/橡胶纳米复合材料的性能分析及填料自身的微观表征,对填料中碳源物质与白炭黑的作用机理及对橡胶性能的影响进行了总结探讨。     

ALKYLATION OF BENZENE USING BATCH AND CONTINUOUS FIXED-BED REACTORS

Alkylation reactions of benzene with propylene using heterogeneous catalysts H⁺-β zeolite, MCM-22, and ZSM-5 were studied for their affinity for cumene production. This work focused on the gas-phase reaction using different crystalline catalysts at several temperatures and amounts of reactants using both batch and continuous fixed-bed reactors. The properties of baseline commercial H⁺-β catalysts versus versions modified with Ga, La, and Pt were studied. Quantitative analysis of product mixture was performed by gas chromatography. For the batch reactor, β-zeolite produced the highest cumene yield and selectivity of 72% and 92%, respectively, at 225°C. At this temperature, a benzene:propylene dilution of 7:1 molar ratio was the optimum. For the continuous system, cumene production is favored at lower space velocities, higher benzene-to-propylene ratio, and temperatures close to 225°C. Ga modification of the H⁺-β zeolite significantly enhanced cumene yield in the continuous fixed-bed reactor at 225°C, from 27% of the unmodified β-zeolite to 36% for the Ga-modified one. The life span of modified β-catalysts was studied in the fixed-bed reactor for the first eight hours of reaction.     

SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE CONTACT MASS IN ORGANOSILANE SYNTHESIS

The contact mass in the Rochow reaction was analyzed to understand catalyst deactivation during the reaction. Changes in crystalline structure, particle surface morphology, and the elemental composition of the contact mass were measured by XRD, SEM, EDX, and XRF, respectively, at four different reaction conversions. The results indicate that the main reason for contact-mass deactivation is copper enrichment on the surface of silicon. Coke deposition may hamper Cu diffusion and result in the copper enrichment.     

氨纶的生产应用与发展

回顾了国内外氨纶的发展历程 ,介绍了氨纶的性能、应用领域及发展趋势。指出 90年代氨纶的应用领域除针织、机织外 ,已开始向医疗保健领域渗透 ,品种也由常规型向功能型发展 ,预计 2 0 0 0年世界氨纶的消耗量将达 115 kt,熔融纺丝工艺将具有较大的发展潜力