8%啶虫脒·吡丙醚微乳剂的开发及其对番茄白粉虱的田间防效

介绍了8%啶虫脒獉吡丙醚微乳剂的配方组成和制备方法,通过对溶剂、表面活性剂、防冻剂、消泡剂等筛选,确定了最佳配方,并对其进行了番茄白粉虱的药效试验。     

3%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂的研制

主要对3%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂的配方进行研究,探讨了溶剂、表面活性剂、抗氧剂、防冻剂等因素对产品稳定性的影响,给出了产品质量指标。     

正交试验法在辛硫磷微乳剂配方选择中的应用研究

采用单因素试验法初选出10%辛硫磷微乳剂的适宜表面活性剂组份,再通过正交试验法以浊点为主要考察指标对复配表面活性剂的用量、配比、助表面活性剂用量进行了筛选和优化,确定了该微乳体系中最佳表面活性剂组分及其含量:农乳1602#+宁乳33#为9%,农乳500#为5%、乙醇5%及消泡剂0.2%。研究结果表明:应用正交试验法可快速筛选出适量的表面活性剂及助表面活性剂,获得性能优异的微乳剂配方,并可降低配方成本。     

无溶剂水基性高效氯氟氰菊酯液体剂型的研制

[目的]乳油使用较多有机溶剂,而水基性剂型中微乳剂和可溶液剂使用较多极性溶剂作溶剂或助溶剂,在安全和环保性上受到人们质疑。论述水基性无溶剂液体剂型的提出、开发的依据及其优点。这种液体剂型不使用任何(极性和非极性)溶剂和植物油溶剂,研制出一种全新的水基性无溶剂2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯透明液体剂型。[结果]经研制,其最佳配方:高效氯氟氰菊酯2.5%,乳化剂(烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯)12%~15%,助表面活性剂(丁醇)5%,防冻剂(丙二醇)2%,水余量。该配方样品为无色透明液体,经冷贮[(0±1)℃,7 d]和热贮[(54±2)℃,14 d]高效氯氟氰菊酯分解率小于2%。[结论]样品经测定各项指标符合有关要求,毒力测定结果与传统微乳剂相同。原料成本仅为同剂量乳油40%、传统微乳剂的72%、生物柴油作溶剂微乳剂的77%。     

10%精喹禾灵微乳剂的配方研究

通过对溶剂、乳化剂及助表面活性剂的筛选和配伍,确定了10%精喹禾灵微乳剂的最优配方:精喹禾灵10%,混合溶剂25%,复配乳化剂22%,乙二醇5%,乙醇4%,消泡剂0.2%,自来水补足100%。对最优配方进行了重复性试验,表明该剂型具有良好的热贮稳定性、低温冷冻稳定性及较宽的透明温度范围,各项理化指标均符合微乳剂产品标准要求。     

4%功夫·甲维盐微乳剂的研制

文章介绍了4%功夫·甲维盐[m(功夫)∶m(甲维盐)]=3∶1环保型农药微乳剂的组成与制备,考察了表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、溶剂及水质对其稳定性的影响,确定了优选配方,并对其性能和田间药效进行测试和试验。     

0.5%富表甲氨基阿维菌素微乳剂的研制

介绍了0.5%富表甲氨基阿维菌素微乳剂配方的研究情况,探讨了溶剂、表面活性剂、助表面活性剂、水质等因素对产品物理稳定性的影响,进行了化学稳定性检测,给出质量技术指标。     

15%唑磷·毒死蜱微乳剂的研制

通过拟三元相图对非离子与阴离子表面活性剂不同复配比例的选择和对乳化剂、溶剂、助溶剂、水质等的筛选,确定了15%唑磷.毒死蜱微乳剂的最佳配方组合,并对该配方的制剂进行了质量指标和田间药效的测试。     

3.5%阿维菌素·高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂的研究

以阿维菌素和高效氯氰菊酯为有效成分,以起始外观、冷藏外观[(0±2)℃,7 d]、热贮外观[(54±2)℃,14d]和/或稀释稳定性(1∶200倍液)合格和/或流动性好为标准,通过对不同表面活性剂、助剂、助溶剂、水的配方筛选实验,得到3.5%阿维菌素.高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂的最佳制剂配方。优化的配方为:阿维菌素0.5%,高效氯氰菊酯3%,助溶剂6%~10%,乳化剂17%~20%,水余量。实验表明,该复配微乳剂具有贮藏稳定性好、高效安全等特点。     

烷基糖苷在高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂中的应用研究

选用新一代绿色表面活性剂烷基糖苷(APG)为乳化剂,研制高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂,对溶剂、表面活性剂的用量进行了对比与筛选,通过制剂质量技术指标的测定,确定了5%高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂的最佳配方。对最佳配方进行了重复性试验,表明该剂型具有良好的热、冷贮稳定性,各项理化指标均符合微乳剂产品标准要求。     

5%阿维·高氯水乳剂的研究

介绍制备5%阿维.高氯水乳剂,以贮存[(54±2)℃,14 d]稳定性为指标,研究溶剂、助溶剂、乳化剂、防冻剂等因素对水乳剂性能的影响。结果表明,水乳剂的较佳配方为:阿维菌素0.5%,高效氯氰菊酯4.5%,200#溶剂油13.5%,环己酮4.5%,EL-40 4.8%,S-20 1.2%,乙二醇5%,水补足至100%。对水乳剂各种性能指标进行了测试,各项指标均达到标准要求。     

60%丙环唑·三环唑悬浮剂的研制

以悬浮率、筛析、分散性、热贮稳定性为标准,通过对不同润湿分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂的配方筛选,得到60%丙环唑.三环唑悬浮剂。最佳制剂配方为:丙环唑15.0%,三环唑45.0%,EPE 4.5%,乳化剂2000 1.5%,黄原胶0.15%,抗冻剂乙二醇3.0%,消泡剂正辛醇0.5%,水69.35%,采用湿法研磨,该产品悬浮率≥90%,分散性良好,热贮稳定性合格。     

Synthesis, Autoorganization and Reactivity of Amphiphilic Derivatives of 1-Aminoisoindole in Water and Formamide

In this work, we present the synthesis of cationic surfactants based on 1-aminoisoindole. The physico-chemical properties were studied by conductometry, tensiometry, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy in water and in formamide. The reactivity of these novel surfactants has been studied at concentrations below and above critical aggregation concentrations (CAC) and it was found that reactions can proceed in structured media without the addition of other catalysts.     

20%高效氯氰菊酯·吡虫啉悬浮剂的研制

以悬浮率(≥90%)、筛析、分散性、热贮[(54±2)℃,14 d]稳定性为标准,通过对不同润湿分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂的配方筛选,得到20%高效氯氰菊酯.吡虫啉悬浮剂的最佳制剂配方为:高效氯氰菊酯10.0%,吡虫啉10.0%,分散剂MF 2.0%,分散剂NNO 0.5%,分散剂HY-1 1.5%,农乳500#1.0%,黄原胶0.15%,乙二醇4.0%,消泡剂0.5%,水70.35%。产品悬浮率≥90%,分散性良好,热贮稳定性合格。     

2.5％高效氯氟氰菊酯纳米微乳剂的研发与应用

[目的]研究2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯纳米微乳剂的配方及其实际应用情况。[方法]采用优化组合法对不同表面活性剂进行筛选试验,确定最优配方。[结果]经研制,得到优化配方:2.5%(折百)高效氯氟氰菊酯,15%乳化剂(6%磷酸酯型阴离子表面活性剂、9%苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚),余量为水。田间试验结果表明该产品对小白菜蚜虫的防效优于同等含量的常规微乳剂。[结论]制剂各项指标符合要求,且配方中无溶剂的加入,具有较高的经济效益和市场应用前景。     

阴离子、非离子表面活性剂的复配及在35%嘧菌酯悬浮剂中的应用研究

应用复配表面活性剂协同增效理论,对35%嘧菌酯悬浮剂的润湿分散剂进行筛选。结果表明:单十二烷基磷酸钾与NP-10间具有强烈的协同增效作用。使用单十二烷基磷酸钾与NP-10复配表面活性剂制备的35%嘧菌酯悬浮剂,热贮后在标准硬水中悬浮率达到96.5%,在3倍硬水中悬浮率达到90.1%,未出现析水分层现象,分解率仅为0.72%。较单一表面活性剂制备的35%嘧菌酯悬浮剂,产品性能有明显提高。复配表面活性剂的协同增效作用有利于提高35%嘧菌酯悬浮剂的稳定性。     

Purification of carboxymethylated fatty alcohol derivates using ion exchange resins

During synthesis of the surfactants, several byproducts are formed that impact the physico-chemical properties as well as the quality of the product. Removal of these impurities is hence of vital interest, but the purification has remained chemically challenging. In this work, the ion exchange resin type I strong base anion polymeric catalyst was used to remove impurities such as remaining raw material and byproducts from different ether carboxylic acid surfactants. The efficiency of this preparative purification method was determined through analysis of the product composition using different analytical techniques such as titrimetric acid and saponification value determination, gas chromatography, Infrared (IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The results showed the high efficiency of the purification of the ether carboxylic acid surfactants using ion exchange resin. For all purified samples, the amount of byproducts such as esters and remaining raw material was found significantly reduced. Pure anionic surfactants (>90%) were obtained. Its ease of use and high efficiency render the method suitable for carboxymethylated surfactants. Additional investigations on industrial scales and further surfactant purification are yet to be analyzed.     

聚乙二醇型含硼表面活性剂的合成

含硼特种表面活性剂具有碳氢表面活性剂无法替代的长处,具有广阔的应用前景。因此,合成含硼表面活性剂意义重大。本论文采用聚乙二醇、三乙醇胺、硼酸为原料,应用潜溶剂法（以甲苯为溶剂,通过回流带出酯化反应所生成的水）制备了含硼表面活性剂。设计正交实验确定最佳的酯化条件。实验结果表明,最佳的酯化条件为：温度（90±2）℃,硼酸、三乙醇胺、PEG（400）的摩尔比为2：1：2。最佳酯化条件下合成的聚乙二醇型三乙醇酰胺硼酸酯表面活性剂的电导率为0．36mS·cm^-1,表面张力为67．00mN·m^-1,pH值为8～9,水溶液为均一透明溶液。所合成的硼酸酯表面活性剂可以很好地应用于金属切削加工液中。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Polysiloxane Grafted Polyamide‐Amine Surfactants

Dendritic‐linear surfactants 1G PAMAM–Si and 2G PAMAM–Si were prepared by grafting the single epoxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane (SEPDMS) onto the 1G and 2G dendritic polyamide‐amine (PAMAM), respectively. SEPDMS was synthesized by hydrogen‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane and allyl glycidyl ether in chloroplatinic acid. The optimum grafting conditions were obtained by single‐factor experiments when the mole ratio of SEPDMS and PAMAM was 0.95:1, the reaction temperature was 60 °C, the reaction time was 5 h and the solvent percentage was 60%. The molecular structure of PAMAM–Si was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatograph and potentiometric acid‐base titration. Furthermore, the stability, surface activity and emulsifying ability of the prepared surfactants were studied. The results showed that PAMAM–Si has high stability against dilution, acids, alkalies and salts. PAMAM–Si surfactants can significantly reduce the surface tension of water. And 2G PAMAM–Si is superior to 1G PAMAM–Si at the ability of emulsifying oil.