酯交换法合成DONTP增塑剂的研究

以对苯二甲酸二甲酯（ＤＭＴ）、辛醇、丁醇等低分子质量脂肪醇为原料,采用酯交换法合成出ＤＯＮＴＰ（对苯二甲酸辛醇丁醇酯）等增塑剂品种,并就合成工艺条件、催化剂种类等因素对增塑剂性能影响进行了讨论。同时,把合成出的增塑剂与ＤＯＰ（邻苯二甲酸二辛酯）在ＰＶＣ（聚氯乙烯）增塑中进行比较,对各试样的物理机械性能及电性能进行测试分析,研究表明：控制酯交换反应温度为１６０～１８０℃,ＤＭＴ与二元醇的投料摩尔比１     

户外绝缘用EPDM硫化胶性能研究

在ＥＰＤＭ中加入Ａｌ２Ｏ３．３Ｈ２Ｏ邻苯二甲酸类增塑剂和硅烷偶联剂等配合剂可制备出户外绝缘用ＥＰＤＭ硫化胶，结果表明，加入适量的Ａｌ２Ｏ３．３Ｈ２Ｏ邻苯二甲酸类增塑剂和５份硅烷偶联剂，可提高ＥＰＤＭ硫化胶的物理机械性能。经人工气候老化试验证明，ＥＰＤＭ性能稳定，抗漏电起痕性好。     

5，10，15，20－四（4－甲氧基－3－磺酸苯基）卟啉铑、钌、钯金属配合物的合成及光助还原水放氢的研究

一种合成铑、钌、钯卟啉配合物的简便方法。合成了３种新配合物：Ｒｈ（ＤＭＦ）２［Ｔ（４－ＭＯＰ）ＰＳ］·９Ｈ２Ｏ、Ｒｕ（ＣＯ）２（ＤＭＦ）［Ｔ（４－ＭＯＰ）ＰＳ］·１５Ｈ２Ｏ、Ｐｄ（ＤＭＦ）２［Ｔ（４－ＭＯＰ）ＰＳ］·１８Ｈ２Ｏ。元素分析、电子光谱、红外光谱和放氢功能的研究证明Ｒｈ（Ⅱ）配合物具有较好的光敏性。     

杂多酸（盐）催化合成n－DOP的研究

杂多酸（盐）催化合成ｎ－ＤＯＰ的研究陈咏梅，马鸿飞，钱长云（江苏盐城工业专科学校，２２４００２）邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯（简称ｎ－ＤＯＰ）是一种新型增塑剂。它毒性低，耐寒性、耐候性、耐挥发性以及稳定性均比邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯（简称ＤＯＰ）好，只有电绝缘性比Ｄ...     

用顺酐化EPDM增容的EPDM改性聚甲醛

以顺酐化三元乙丙橡胶（ＭＥＰＤＭ）为增容剂，研究了ＥＰＤＭ对聚甲醛（ＰＯＭ）的共混增韧生。结果表明，ＭＥＰＤＭ能明显改善ＰＯＭ与ＥＰＤＭ的相容性，使共混物分散相尺寸明显减少，分布更均匀，熔点和结晶度降低，缺口冲击强度提高。当ＰＯＭ／ＥＰＤＭ／ＭＥＰＤＭ（质量比）为８５／９／６时，共混物的缺口冲强度为１０．２ｋＪ／ｍ＾２。     

1213酯在PVC电缆料中的应用

测定了以１２１３酯作增塑剂的ＰＶＣ电缆料的热老化性，热稳定性、电性能、低温脆性、燃烧性并与其它增塑剂作比较。考察了１２１３酯在９０℃护层级软聚氯乙烯塑料中的应用效果。结果表明，１２１３酯是一种耐寒性能优异的耐高温增塑剂；它在２０℃时的体积电阻率、１０００Ｈｚ时的介电损耗角正切均较ＤＯＰ、ＤＩＤＰ、ＴＯＴＭ低，四种增塑剂的介电强度基本相当；１２１３酯的耐燃性低于ＴＯＴＭ；它与其它增塑剂的并用具有选择性；１２１３酯在９０℃护层级软聚氯乙烯塑料中的应用性能良好，各项指标均已达到ＧＢ８８１５－８８标准。     

溶液法马来酸酐接枝EPDM的研究及对尼龙的相容,增韧效应

本文介绍采用溶液法制备马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）接枝乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）以及该接枝物对尼龙（ＰＡ）的相容、增韧效应。研究了引发剂ＢＰＯ和ＭＡＨ用量与接枝率、接枝效率、交量的关系，当ＭＡＨ／ＥＰＤＭ为１０／１００（质量比，下同）时，ＢＰＯ／ＥＰＤＭ的最佳值约为２．２８／１００；固定ＢＰＯ／ＥＰＤＭ为１０／１００时，ＭＡＨ／ＥＰＤＭ的最佳值约为１２．５／１００。由Ｍｏｌａｕ实验表明，ＭＡＨ接枝ＥＰＤＭ／ＰＡ比     

1213酯在PVC电缆料中的应用

测定了以１２１３酯做增塑剂的ＰＶＣ电缆料的热老化性、热稳定性、电性能、低温脆性、燃烧性并与其他增塑剂做比较。考察了１２１３酯在９０℃护层级软聚氯乙烯塑料中的应用效果。结果表明,１２１３酯是一种耐寒性能优异的耐高温增塑剂;它在２０℃时的体积电阻率、１０００Ｈｚ时的介电损耗角正切均较ＤＯＰ、ＤＩＤＰ、ＴＯＴＭ低,４种增塑剂的介电强度基本相当;１２１３酯的耐燃性低于ＴＯＴＭ;它与其它增塑剂的并用具有选择性;１２１３酯在９０℃护层级软聚氯乙烯塑料中的应用性能良好,各项指标均已达到ＧＢ８８１５－８８标准。     

DOP与DBP分析测定之体会

ＤＯＰ与ＤＢＰ分析测定之体会化工部助剂质量监测中心韩彩莲邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（ＤＯＰ）和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（ＤＢＰ）是我国增塑剂邻苯二甲酸酯类的主要品种，其酯含量、酸值、加热减量、比重、色泽和闪点是控制ＤＯＰ、ＤＢＰ内在质量的６项主要指标。高效、快速、准确...     

基因工程人红细胞生成素对骨髓增生异常综合征患者体内…

ＥＰＯ体外对２６例ＭＤＳ患者ＣＦＵ－Ｅ的作用及体内用于１３例患者的治疗结果显示：（１）ＥＰＯ对ＭＤＳ患者ＣＦＵ－Ｅ的作用明显低于对照组；（２）ＥＰＯ可促进患者ＣＦＵ－Ｅ增殖，这种增殖为剂量依赖型，ＥＰＯ１００ｕ／ｍｌ时最强；（３）ＥＰＯ对ＣＦＵ－Ｅ作用与患者自身ＣＦＵ－Ｆ明显相关，自身ＣＦＵ－Ｅ越接近正常者对ＥＰＯ反应越好，（４）ＥＰＯ治疗１３例ＭＤＳ有效３例（２３％）。以上结果证明，ＥＰＯ对于部     

Calculation of Residual Thermal Stresses in Injection Molded Amorphous Polymers by the Finite Element Method

Abstract

The finite element method (FEM) is used to calculate the distribution of residual internal stresses in an injection molded plate-shaped polystyrene specimen. The first step of the calculating procedure is the determination of the temperature distributions in the plate and its variation with cooling time. The temperature distribution data are then used for the determination of the corresponding stress distribution. Also this latter step is accomplished using the FEM-technique. The residual stress distribution is obtained when the sample has been cooled to the temperature of the mold. The main result of the calculations is the finding that the surface layer of the plate is subject to compressive stresses, while the interior accommodates stresses of tensile type. The calculations relate to a polystyrene specimen. The results are shown to agree well with earlier data concerning internal stresses in injection molded objects. The possible influence of anisotropy and visco-elastic relaxation has been neglected. The method can be applied to other amorphous polymers and, after a slight modification, also to polymers of semicrystalline type.     

汽油分馏塔系统的优化

乙烯装置汽油分馏塔系统的优化包括三个方面：一是塔内件的优化和填料的应用；二是保持合适的塔顶温度；三是如何提高塔釜温度和急冷油减粘，这是文中详细讨论的问题。     

我国炼油企业节水减排的技术与措施

分析了炼油企业节水减排的有效途径与措施。一是充分利用循环水和蒸汽凝结水,节约新鲜水;二是提高循环冷却水浓缩倍数,实现节水运行;三是重视污水处理与回用,减少污水排放;四是优化用水系统,提高用水效率;五是推行清洁工艺,从源头节水减排;六是依靠科学管理,落实节水工作。     

Segregation of cohesive powders in a vibrated granular bed

The effects of small amounts of added liquid on the segregation behavior of a granular system under vertical vibration by DEM simulation are investigated in this study. The cohesive forces of grains are incorporated into DEM simulations via a simplified dynamic liquid bridge force model. The simulation results show that capillary forces in addition to viscous forces have an important effect on the segregation phenomenon. The segregation rate of larger intruder rises to the top of the bed is found to depend on the liquid content. The segregation rate is sharply increased when a small amount of liquid is added to granular system. A transition to the reduction of segregation rate occurs at a critical liquid content. It has shown that this transition can be interpreted as the increase of attractive force between grains due to viscous force. The viscous forces make the particles stick more tightly to each other and retard the movement of particles, thus reducing the segregation rate. The segregation rate is also related to the convection motion of the granular system. The presence of convection enhances the segregation rate of wet granular materials.     

乙醇发酵过程模型及模拟优化研究进展

综述了乙醇发酵模型及模拟方面的研究,总结了各种模型的特点以及模拟的难点.Monod方程能较好地描述乙醇发酵的各种竞争性抑制作用,模拟的难点在于模型的优化求解;反应器中的乙醇发酵模型包括传质模型,模拟的难点在于采用总传质系数简化求解过程,并涉及非稳态平衡计算;纤维素发酵是大量制取廉价乙醇的方向,发酵模型中需综合考虑酶解、发酵及抑制作用等,模拟计算过程复杂.结果说明,对发酵过程进行模拟优化,是降低乙醇生产成本、促进乙醇大规模工业化生产的有效途径.提出乙醇发酵模型模拟方面的发展方向为:解决纤维素发酵的关键问题,并形成应用软件,有利于后续工业化中的优化控制等过程.     

Oil recovery from oil in water emulsions using a flotation column

A flotation column was used to recover oil from oil in water emulsions. The feed oil concentrations investigated were relatively high, in the range of 0.25 to 8 percent by volume. Previous studies using conventional flotation cells dealt with very dilute systems where the oil concentration was less than 0.1 percent by volume. The oil recovery was found to decrease with an increase in the feed oil concentration. The addition of wash water to the froth zone of the column had little effect on the oil recovery. The oil recovery decreased with increasing feed flow rate and surfactant concentration. The effect of increasing the gas flow rate was to initially increase the oil recovery. The oil recovery data were analyzed using a kinetic model. The order of the flotation kinetics was found to be 0.6. The gas hold-up behaviour of the recovery and the froth zones of the flotation column is found to correlate well with the drift-flux model.     

纳米Ni/Fe对水中硝基苯的催化还原特性

采用自制的纳米Ni/Fe对水中硝基苯进行催化还原处理。探讨了硝基苯的还原降解途径,考察了溶液pH、纳米Ni/Fe用量和Ni含量对还原效果的影响。结果表明,纳米Ni/Fe对水中硝基苯的去除是纳米Ni/Fe的吸附作用和还原作用的协同作用的结果,两者对硝基苯去除率的贡献分别为33.7%和66.3%。纳米Ni/Fe可将硝基苯还原为苯胺和中间产物亚硝基苯,亚硝基苯进一步被还原为最终产物苯胺。还原产物苯胺的生成率随溶液pH的升高而降低;随纳米Ni/Fe用量的增加而升高;Ni含量的适当增大有利于硝基苯还原为苯胺,但Ni含量过高时会导致苯胺生成率降低,适宜的Ni含量为1.85%。纳米Ni/Fe对硝基苯的催化还原过程遵循一级反应动力学规律,反应速率常数为0.0226 min-1。     

Ozone Application for Arsenic and Manganese Treatment at the City of White Rock,BC, Canada

The City of White Rock purchased the water utility on October 30, 2015, from EPCOR Utilities Inc. The City of White Rock‘s water utility provides safe and clean drinking water to its residents. The drinking water is obtained from the Sunnyside Uplands Aquifer. To ensure water supplied is of the highest quality, the City collaborated with the RES‘EAU-WaterNET, to conduct research to evaluate and identify technologies that are capable of providing a significant reduction of arsenic and manganese, to improve water quality. The City submitted a grant application to the Clean Water and Wastewater Fund (CWWF) for the construction of a water treatment plant to reduce arsenic and manganese in drinking water. The Government of Canada and the Province of British Columbia provided funding from the Clean Water and Wastewater Fund (CWWF) to the City of White Rock for the “Arsenic and Manganese Water Treatment Project. The City awarded a contract for the Design Build for a Water Treatment Plant to provide a major reduction in arsenic and manganese in drinking water. The Design Build project utilized the scientific findings from the research conducted. The construction of the plant started in March 2018, and the project is expected to be completed by March 2019.     

基于大数据分析的废旧塑料利用率算法

概述了我国废旧塑料再生利用现状及应用领域,通过大数据回归分析建立了废旧塑料利用率的算法模型,测算我国2009—2019年的废旧塑料利用率。2009—2014年,废旧塑料利用率从12.0%升至16.0%,2015—2019年略微下降。2009—2015年,塑料回收利用量持续增长,2016年,回收利用量有所下降,2017—2018年增长较快,2019年较2018年有小幅增长,从2018年的9.16 Mt增加到2019年的9.45 Mt。塑料再生资源比例系数对计算结果的影响幅度最大,在-2.65%~2.51%波动。塑料再生资源比例系数的不确定性影响由大到小依次为聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物。     

Ozonation of Continuous-Flow Activated Sludge for Reduction of Waste Solids

The ultimate disposal of wastewater sludge has been, and continues to be, one of the most expensive problems faced by wastewater utilities in the United States. The objective of this research was to apply cell lysis and cryptic growth principles to activated sludge to study the applicability of ozonation to reduce the mass of secondary sludge. The study produced data and details for application of ozone to reduce secondary sludge production. The application of ozone reduced the mass of waste sludge by 30 to 50% depending on the ozonation rate and period.