油气回收活性炭评选研究

以活性炭法油气回收用活性炭的优选评价为研究目的,选取了六种不同生产厂家的国产活性炭。炭种以煤质、木质活性炭为主,研究了其对汽油蒸发中轻烃的吸附、脱附性能,活性炭的孔性结构对吸附性能的影响,并与国外油气回收活性炭的性能作了比较。实验表明,苏州煤质活性炭的性能指标可达到进口活性炭的指标。可作为首选的活性炭应用于活性炭法油气回收装置上,以促进油气回收活性炭国产化进程。     

活性炭制备技术的最新研究进展

概述了最近几年国内外以不同物质为原料(植物类活性炭、矿物类活性炭、高分子有机物类活性炭)制备活性炭技术的最新研究进展,总结了相关因素在制备活性炭中对活性炭性能的影响.着重介绍了微波技术在活性炭制备中的应用,并对目前活性炭制备技术中亟待解决的问题提出了一些看法.     

美国活性炭公司转向开发高档产品

介绍了美国开发的几种高档活性炭产品及技术。如 :活性炭布、粘合粒子结构的活性炭、用核桃壳和花生壳生产活性炭的技术、用废轮胎生产活性炭的技术、可减少二英排放的新型活性炭技术、活性炭再生新技术等     

生物质基活性炭对对硝基苯酚吸附性能比较

对硝基苯酚毒性大,难于生物降解,是化工、农药和染料等行业废水中常见的有机污染物。采用木质活性炭、椰壳活性炭和煤质活性炭对对硝基苯酚吸附性能进行研究,对比不同活性炭对对硝基苯酚的吸附效果,考察不同活性炭吸附对硝基苯酚的经济效益,吸附强度和吸附量顺序为:椰壳活性炭﹥煤质活性炭﹥木质活性炭,选择煤质活性炭吸附对硝基苯酚。     

活性炭表面化学改性技术的研究进展与展望

活性炭表面官能团和杂原子的数量与种类是影响活性炭吸附性能的重要因素。国内外研究表明,通过对活性炭进行表面改性可以显著改善活性炭对特定物质的吸附性能。文章简要介绍了活性炭的物理和化学性质,并从活性炭材料的表面化学性质方面论述了近年来国内外在活性炭材料改性方面的研究进展,最后提出了活性炭表面改性技术的发展方向和趋势。     

基于焦化除尘灰和无纺布的活性炭布制备研究

以焦化除尘灰基活性炭和无纺布为原料制成一种活性炭布。活性炭布的成形工艺采用浸渍涂布法。研究了活性炭质量分数和粘结剂质量分数对活性炭布的载炭量及碘吸附值的影响。活性炭布的载炭量随着活性炭质量分数和粘结剂质量分数的增大而增大。当活性炭质量分数为20%、粘结剂质量分数为30%时,活性炭布的碘吸附值高达291.3541 mg/g。     

吸附重金属离子活性炭再生工艺研究

为评价吸附后活性炭再生效果,对吸附重金属离子活性炭的再生工艺进行了研究。考察了各因素对再生活性炭性能的影响。结果表明:升高再生温度及延长再生时间,活性炭质量损耗率随之上升,活性炭性能恢复率随之增加。增加再生次数,活性炭质量损耗率随之上升,活性炭性能恢复率随之降低。     

净水用煤质颗粒活性炭的生产与应用

大批量生产的煤质颗粒活性炭从生产工艺总体上分成四种,即原煤破碎活性炭,柱状活性炭和柱状破碎活性炭、压块破碎活性炭,而国内在自来水深度处理中应用的主要是原煤破碎活性炭、柱状活性炭和柱状破碎活性炭.“饱和”活性炭的再生或资源化问题还没有引起足够的重视.目前根据活性炭质量标准、静态吸附、动态吸附柱等进行活性炭选择均有一定的局限性,应建立一套切实可行的活性炭选择评价体系,为活性炭的生产与应用提供指导.     

用于饮用水处理的活性炭选择方法

本文介绍了目前常见的几种活性炭评价方法,包括活性炭性能指标分析,活性炭表面的性状分析,活性炭静态吸附和动态吸附试验,活性炭综合性能评价指标等,详细分析了各种方法的特点,并综合各个方法的利弊,提出了选择饮用水用活性炭的具体方案,供各水厂在选用活性炭时参考。     

微波辐照下炭材料升温特性试验研究

为研究微波功率、活性炭粒径、载气流速对活性炭升温规律的影响,利用微波加热综合试验平台进行活性炭微波加热升温试验,研究了不同因素下活性炭的升温特性。结果表明:相同前提下,随着微波功率的增大,2种活性炭(木质活性炭、煤质活性炭)的升温速率不断加快,最高温度随之提高,微波功率从240~400 W时,木质活性炭在10~16 min平均温度增幅达93℃,明显大于煤质活性炭;增加粒径导致木质活性炭达到的最终温度有所降低,且升温速率减小;提高载气流速可减缓木质活性炭的升温速率并降低其最高温度。获取最高活性炭温度的最佳试验工况为微波功率P为400 W、活性炭粒径d≤1 mm、载气流速Q为60 L/h。     

苯酚在活性炭上的吸附与脱附研究

本文研究了苯酚水溶液在活性碳上的吸附平衡关系,溶液ｐＨ值对活性炭吸附性能的影响,苯酚在固定床上的吸附动力学和脱附动力学。同时采用间歇法和固定床连续法研究吸附苯酚后的活性炭碱再生工艺过程,多次再生对活性炭再生效率的影响,探讨了碱法再生活性炭的初步规律。     

Regeneration of phenol‐saturated activated carbon in an electrochemical reactor

The regeneration of phenol‐saturated activated carbon in an electrochemical reactor was investigated in order to develop a novel regeneration method of activated carbon. The regeneration of spent activated carbon saturated with phenol was conducted in a stirred electrochemical reactor under different operating conditions. The influences of operating parameters, such as regeneration current intensity and time, on regeneration efficiency were systematically investigated. The regeneration efficiency can reach over 80% under continuous stirring in the reactor, and it only decreases by less than 5% after four regeneration cycles. Electrochemical regeneration in the stirred electrochemical reactor is shown to be an effective method for the regeneration of phenol‐saturated activated carbon with a much higher regeneration efficiency compared with a process using NaOH solution. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

Regeneration of exhausted activated carbon by electrochemical method

The regeneration of coconut shell activated carbon contaminated with phenol was systematically investigated by electrochemical method under different operating conditions. The effects of several operating parameters on the electrochemical regeneration efficiency were measured at room temperature. The experimental results show that the electrochemical method can be used to regenerate the activated carbon exhausted with phenol. The electrochemical regeneration efficiency depends on several operating variables such as electrolyte concentration, regeneration current intensity and regeneration time. The residual phenol concentration in solution was much lower and the regeneration efficiency can reach 85.2% in a stirred electrochemical reactor after regeneration for 5 h.     

活性炭填充床脱除水中苯酚及填充床的再生

实验研究了活性炭填充床脱除水中苯酚的吸附性能,探讨其饱和吸附填充床的再生方法,结果表明当平衡浓度范围为0－0．8kg/m^3时,活性炭对水中苯酚的吸附能力达230kg/kg（吸附剂）,吸附等温线符合Langmuir型,填充床的穿透曲线和穿透时间强烈依赖于实验条件,较高的进料浓度,较大的进料速度,以及较短的床层长度都将使填充床穿透较快;用热的NaOH稀溶液可再生被苯酚饱和的活性炭纤维填充床,再生效率达90％以上。     

水处理活性炭的电化学再生技术研究

选择椰壳水处理活性炭作为吸附剂吸附处理低浓度苯酚废水,在室温条件下,在静止的电化学电极上对吸附苯酚后的活性炭进行电化学再生,探讨了各个操作参数对活性炭的电化学再生效率的影响。实验结果表明,电化学再生活性炭的效率较好,基本没有二次污染。再生效率随着电解质（氯化钠）溶液浓度的增加而增加,但达到１％以后基本没有变化。同时,再生效率随着再生电流的增加而提高,随着再生时间的增加,再生效率亦随之提高,但到５ｈ以后,再生效率基本不随时间的变化而变化。     

活性炭吸附法脱除废水中的苯酚及吸附剂再生的研究

对活性炭对废水中苯酚的吸附平衡以及活性炭的再生进行了试验性研究和理论性探讨。结果发现,温度对活性炭的吸附能力有显著的影响,低温地吸附有利,吸附平衡可用Ｌａｒｇｍｕｉｒ方程描述;ＰＨ值对活性炭对苯酚捐附也有较强的影响,酸性的水溶液对吸附有利,强碱性水溶液对再生有利。分别采用乙醇、丙酮、ＮａＯＨ溶液、ＮａＯＨ溶液＋乙醇的混合液对吸附剂活性炭进行再生,再生率均能达到８５％以上,基本满足工业要求。     

Fenton试剂再生活性炭的试验研究

采用Fenton试剂再生被苯酚吸附饱和的活性炭,研究H2O2和Fe2+的投加量、pH值、温度、振荡速率、反应时间等因素对再生效果的影响,并确定最佳再生条件.试验结果表明,当H2O2投加量为7.5mL、FE2+投加量为400mg/L、反应pH值为3、温度为25℃、振荡速率300r/min、反应时间60min时,再生活性炭...     

Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbons Exhausted with Phenol Compound

Abstract

Two methods, pyrolysis and steam regeneration, were used to investigate the regeneration efficiencies of two types of activated carbons that were exhausted by the phenol compound in the liquid phase. NaOH titration and temperature program deposition indicated that the two carbons exhibit different surface acidities, oxygen group distributions, and oxygen populations on the carbon surface. After treating by pyrolysis and steam regeneration, the surface recovery of spent carbons gradually increased with the regeneration temperature. Pyrolysis at 700?900°C cannot completely remove all phenol molecules from the spent carbons, thereby having a lower surface recovery than steam regeneration. Comparing the two methods, steam regeneration is an efficient method in not only recovering the porosity, but also enlarging and deepening the pore structure of carbons. In comparison with the two carbons, the higher oxygen population on the carbon surface would decrease the surface recoveries and cause a more serious carbon weight loss. This could be attributed to the fact that a greater amount of surface groups would promote the possibility of chemisorbed fraction, thus leaving more degradation species in the pores. This study would shed one light on how oxygen groups existed on carbon surface act as cracking sites in diminishing the removal efficiency.     

Electrochemical Regeneration of Activated Carbon Saturated with Toluene

The electrochemical regeneration of an activated carbon, previously saturated with toluene by gas phase adsorption, was studied. Cathodic and anodic regeneration methods were analyzed using a small batch electrochemical cell. In both cases, a stripping efficiency close to 100% was obtained under appropriate conditions of potential, current, and time of electrolysis. Successive loading and regeneration cycles of the activated carbon were performed under cathodic conditions without loss of the adsorption properties of the activated carbon, thus achieving a high regeneration efficiency (close to 99%). This electrochemical method is very effective for regeneration of activated carbon compared to conventional thermal regeneration as it does not modify the porous texture of the material.     

活性炭的电化学再生技术研究

本文在测定了苯酚于椰壳活性炭上的吸附平衡和添加2％NaCl对吸附平衡的影响基础上,对用苯酚吸附饱和后的活性炭在一个搅拌槽电化学反应器中进行了再行试验研究。在室温条件下,通过改变再生电流的大小,在不同的时间间隔内,测定了反应器中溶液的残余酚深度与活性炭的再生效率随再生时间和再生电流大小的变化关系。