石墨／聚合物复合双极板的制备与性能表征

以石墨为导电骨料,高分子聚合物为粘结剂,通过模压成型制备质子交换膜燃料电池双极板。主要探讨了导电骨料种类、粘结剂种类、导电骨料的粒度分布、石墨的表面处理及其增强纤维表面处理对双极板性能的影响。实验结果表明:各种影响因素对材料密度影响不大,但对导电性和抗折强度的影响很大;用天然石墨作导电骨料的样品性能明显优于用人造石墨作导电骨料的样品性能;用改性树脂为粘结剂的样品的性能优于其他各种未改性树脂为粘结剂的样品性能。最佳的实验条件为:用天然石墨A和C作导电骨料,改性树脂R3和自制树脂R6作粘结剂,石墨的粒度分布为-160～ 200目或-200～ 325目,石墨用98%的浓硫酸处理,纤维选用酒精处理以增强纤维与树脂间的结合力。     

锂电池用聚偏氟乙烯粘结剂

锂电池用粘结剂是制造锂电池的重要材料之一,可直接影响其性能.介绍了锂电池用粘结剂应具备的特性、种类及存在的问题;叙述了日本专利中,偏氟乙烯作为锂电池用粘结剂和用偏氟乙烯与第二及第三单体的共聚改性、聚偏氟乙烯与其他聚合物共混改性等的方法.     

锂离子电池水性粘结剂的制备与性能研究

主要研究了一种用于锂离子电池的水性粘结剂乙烯醇-羧酸盐聚合物,对乙烯醇-羧酸盐聚合物的制备工艺、分子结构及性能进行了研究。主要针对锂离子电池负极对粘结剂的需求条件进行了详细的研究,制备出性能优异的绿色环保水溶性粘结剂。     

用氨化风化煤作煤球粘结剂

文献中曾指出,某地区的煤粉成球可以用腐植酸铵作粘结剂。但是提取腐植酸的过程很复杂。所以研究用氨化风化煤作粘结剂有其实际意义。С.А.Жихарев建议用碱溶液处理的褐煤作粘结剂。但是此法未获应用,因为用碱溶液处理的褐煤要磨到胶质颗粒,这给粘结剂的制备带来了困难,而且煤球的成本也高。     

煤沥青深加工工艺与粘结剂的性能

通过对真空闪蒸法和常压热聚合法等粘结剂沥青生产工艺的评价,讨论了作粘结剂用的煤沥青性能及基对碳素制品质量的影响,提出了生产粘结剂沥青工艺的设想。     

外墙外保温系统专用粘结剂的研制

介绍了外墙外保温系统专用粘结剂中乳液的合成、性能及其应用，讨论了聚合物乳液中丙烯酸含量、乳化剂种类及添加量等对其性能的影响，确定了该外墙外保温系统专用粘结剂中聚合物乳液与水泥的最佳配比。     

用“助燃粘结剂”所制煤棒的应用效果

介绍用“助燃粘结剂”制成型煤在江西第二化肥厂 3m煤气炉上试烧情况 ,并对该粘结剂应用效果和发展方向作了论述     

用聚碳硅烷作粘结剂制备碳化硅烧结体

近年来用有机硅化合物作粘结剂制备碳化硅、氮化硅等难烧结物质的烧结体的工作已引起人们的广泛兴趣,对用聚碳硅烷作粘结剂制备碳化硅烧结体的工艺、性能、应用等问题作了综合性介绍。     

粘结剂增强对TATB基PBX力学性能的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了氟聚合物/增强剂复合粘结剂体系,考察了增强剂含量对复合粘结剂体系性能的影响。动态力学分析(DMA)结果显示,增强剂的玻璃化转变温度大大高于氟聚合物,复合粘结剂体系的储能模量随增强剂含量的增加而增加。随着增强剂含量增加,复合粘结剂体系的拉伸强度明显增加。采用水悬浮法制备了TATB基高聚物粘结炸药(PBX),探讨了粘结剂增强对其力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,随着增强剂含量增加,TATB基PBX的力学性能显著提高。当复合粘结剂体系中增强剂含量为20%时,PBX的力学性能最佳:20℃和60℃下压缩强度为32.15 MPa和20.00 MPa,60℃下劈裂强度为2.84 MPa。     

用氨化风化煤作煤球粘结剂

文献中曾指出,某地区的煤粉成球可以用腐植酸铵作粘结剂。但是提取腐植酸的过程很复杂。所以研究用氨化风化煤作粘结剂有其实际意义。建议用碱溶液处理的褐煤作拈结剂。但是此法未获应用,因为用碱溶液处理的褐煤要磨到胶质颗粒,这给粘结剂的制备带来了困难,而且煤球的成本也高。研究采用某地区的含80％腐植酸(换算     

The Effect of the Structural Elements on the Properties of Side Chain Mesomorphic Polymers

The thermal properties of mesomorphic polymers depend on the relative amounts of the different structural elements (hard core, flexible chains, main chain) of the polymer. Literature data are compared with the conclusions obtained from the three-component thermodynamic model of side chain mesomorphic polymers. The effects of the different soft elements (main chain, spacer and p-alkyl or alkoxy chain) depend first of all on the length of the spacer and its interaction with the main chain. The thermal properties of the polymer can be well regulated by varying the different structural elements of the homo- and co-polymers. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of the polymer can be reduced by building O and N atoms into the main chain and/or by binding the side chains on 3rd, 4th, etc. atoms of the main chain. The T_g can be further reduced by increasing the length of the spacer. If the spacers are long enough, the layer type structures are favored, with p-alkoxy chains behaving also as a plasticizer of the main chain. The clearing point can be influenced by copolymerization of monomers with different hard cores. The three-component thermodynamic model of side-chain mesomorphic polymers well explains the effect of different structural elements on the structure and properties of these polymers.     

Synthesis,properties, and practical application of hyperbranched polymers

The methods of synthesis of hyperbranched polymers are considered and systematized with main attention focused on such modern and promising procedures of crosslinking free-radical polymerization as living chain and intense chain transfer regimes. The synthetic approach to hyperbranched polymers via free-radical oxidative polymerization is the first to be put forth. The main problems concerning these polymers are formulated, and the recent advances in this field are generalized and elucidated.     

液晶高分子的分子设计

简单介绍了液晶高分子的结构特点，分类及其应用状况，详细介绍了主链型和侧链型液晶高分子设计的新进展，根据溶臻主链型液晶高分子和热臻主链型液晶高分子分子结构的不同，提出今后设计主链液晶高分子的主要任务，从主链结构，液晶基元类型和柔性间隔出发介绍了侧链液晶高分子分子设计的关键，最后介绍了液晶高分子分子设计的发展趋势。     

聚氨酯胶粘剂水解问题的有效解决途径

聚合物有几种主要的降解机理:热降解、化学物降解、氧化降解、微生物降解以及水解降解。其中,水解是缩聚反应生成的聚合物最致命的弱点,聚氨酯粘合剂也不例外。水解使聚合物的力学性能在一段时间后丧失殆尽,严重影响了其使用性能和应用范围。碳化二亚胺(Stabaxol~(?))是为解决酯类聚合物水解问题而研制的高效抗水解剂。文章描述了碳化二亚胺抗水解剂在聚酯型聚氨酯粘合剂中的水解保护机理及效果。     

Progress and perspective of iridium-containing phosphorescent polymers for light-emitting diodes

Phosphorescent polymer light-emitting diodes (PhPLEDs) have become the subject of intensive investigation due to their promising applications for displays and lighting. This review presents recent progress in single iridium-containing phosphorescent polymers for PhPLEDs according to their different emitting colors. These phosphorescent polymers are further classified as main chain, side chain, and chelating-types based on the manner in which the host and dopant units are connected. The relationship between the polymer structures and electroluminescence properties is the main focus of this review. Finally, some important rules for designing new efficient phosphorescent polymers are discussed.     

Evaluation of the smoke and flammability characteristics of polymer systems

Using Oxygen Index and the XP-2 test to measure flammability and smoke characteristics, a broad spectrum of thermoplastic and thermoset polymers, both commercial and experimental, were investigated to elucidate the effect of structure on fire properties. In general, polymers with aliphatic backbones are very flammable, but their tendency to generate smoke is minimal. The addition of flame retardants, especially halogen compounds, while reducing their tendency to burn, increases the evolution of smoke. Halogen-containing polymers are usually non-flammable, with high Oxygen Indices, but display high smoke generation. Polymers containing an aromatic group in the side chain, such as polystyrene, are both highly flammable and high smoke producing. However, polymers with the aromatic group in the main chain, such as polysulfone, polycarbonate and polyphenylene oxide, are intermediate in both Oxygen Index and smoke generation. After investigation of the various test methods available, it is concluded that no one test will be satisfactory to measure the flammability characteristics of polymers and that a combination of methods must be used.     

Synthesis and Reactions of Organometallic Polymers Containing Titanacyclobutene Units in the Main Chain

A new class of polymers containing titanacyclobutene units in the main chain were prepared by the reaction of organic dihalides (2) with a binuclear titanium propargyl complex (3) generated in situ from bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)titanium chloride (Cp*₂TiCl, 1), SmI₂, and 1,4-bis(3-bromopropynyl)benzene (2a). The dark red colored polymers (4) thus obtained are soluble in organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and chloroform, and they are stable at ambient temperature under argon atmosphere. The reaction of the titanium-containing polymers (4) with hydrogen chloride was found to give organic polymers (7) containing unsaturated main chain.     

芳香族聚合物研究进展

主链型芳香族聚合物由于具有热稳定性高、化学稳定性好、质地轻且牢固以及良好的加工成型性等优点，受到人们越来越多的关注。本文从聚芳醚（酮、砜）、杯芳烃和树形化合物、导电聚合物三个方面综述了主链型芳香族聚合物的研究进展。     

Editorial of the Special Issue Antimicrobial Polymers

The special issue “Antimicrobial Polymers” includes research and review papers concerning the recent advances on preparation of antimicrobial polymers and their relevance to industrial settings and biomedical field. Antimicrobial polymers have recently emerged as promising candidates to fight microbial contamination onto surfaces thanks to their interesting properties. In this special issue, the main strategies pursued for developing antimicrobial polymers, including polymer impregnation with antimicrobial agents or synthesis of polymers bearing antimicrobial moieties, were discussed. The future application of these polymers either in industrial or healthcare settings could result in an extremely positive impact not only at the economic level but also for the improvement of quality of life.     

Diacetylene-Containing Polymers XIV: Poly(octa-3,5-diynylene-1,8-dicarboxyalates) containing some polar azo dyes

Abstract A series of novel polymers having polar azo dyes were synthesized and characterized. Although their chromophore contents are very high, their second order nonlinear (2-NLO) response was very poor. The poor 2-NLO responses are thought to be due to poor orientation because of their improper main chain conformations, as well as their low glass transition temperatures. They undergo slow cross-linking on standing at room temperature, and rapidly on heating at temperalures above 150°C, through the diacetylene units of the main chains. Nevertheless, these polymers are interesting materials as azo-polymers because of their very high concentration of azo dyes, which are distributed homogeneously in the polymers. Synthesis and characterization are described, and the most important factor for the 2-NLO polymers is discussed.