合成氨工艺仿真培训系统的开发

本文论述了内蒙古化肥厂合成氨工艺仿真培训系统主要构成及开发的主要步骤     

合成氨碳水平衡技术的开发与应用

碳化工段在小氮肥厂生产工艺中以弱碱氨水与弱酸性气体二氧化碳中和反应,达到净化合成氨原料气的目的,同时获得商品碳酸氢铵。生产过程中要求氨、碳、水达到三平衡,本文开发研制了解吸吸收塔及配套工艺,解决了碳化稀氨水外排问题,同时达到合成氨系统年盈商品液氨3 000 t。     

大型氨厂联产甲醇的可行性分析

对赤天化合成氨装置联产甲醇的设想进行工艺计算和生产成本估算 ,同时分析联产甲醇对合成氨系统造成的影响     

论合成氨会计电算化系统的内部控制

论述了合成氨电算化会计系统对内部控制的特殊要求。介绍了合成氨电算化会计系统内部控制的具体内容:系统开发和发展控制、管理控制以及日常控制。     

LCA工艺流程的特点及改造我厂合成氨系统的设想

本文综述了英国ICI公司开发的最新LCA合成氨流程,其特点是把氨厂分为仅包括生产合成氨所必须的操作步骤的核心单元,和包括蒸汽、动力、冷冻、CO_2回收及其他公用工程系统的辅助单元,并阐述了新流程的先进性、采用此工艺改造老合成氨系统的合理性。     

凯洛格开发出第二代合成氨装置

美国凯洛格公司在60年代就开发了单系列大型化合成氨工艺,已在全世界实现了合成氨生产。该公司在1994年又开发出第二代合成氨装置。为了提高出口氨浓度,该公司改进的合成氨工艺首次采用高活性的非铁催化剂,并使其成功地应用于合成氨的工业生产。在较低的氢氮比和低压下能显示出高的催化剂活性。转化换热器系统采用开口     

利用中空纤维管装置自氨厂弛放气中回收氢气的生产情况

由于合成氨原料价格不断上涨,如何降低合成氨生产能耗越来越被人们所重视。制造氢气是合成氨生产中消耗能量最多的工序,因此自弛放气中回收氢气就成为合成氨生产中的重要课题之一。美国孟山都公司开发了一种使用中空纤维管的普里森氢气分离系统(Prism~(TM) Hydro-gen Separation System)可回收弛放气中的氢气。1982年7月我厂引进一套普里森分离装置,并已于1983年7月试车投产。一、分离原理孟山都公司开发的普里森氢气分离系统的主要设备为普里森分离器(见图一)。该设     

小合成氨能量平衡和水平衡计算系统的设计与实现

用Visual Basic语言编写小合成氨的能量平衡和水平衡计算程序,使原来由于工艺复杂、完成周期长的能量和水的衡算可在瞬间完成,为小合成氨工业控制污染物的流失,提高能源的利用率提供有力的技术支持。     

合成氨装置在线模拟系统软件的二次开发

介绍了一种新开发的系统——合成氨工艺在线模拟系统。该系统以国际上较先进的建模策略和物化数据为基础，借鉴国内合成氨过程模拟技术，历经两年多的努力，终于取得初步成功。     

提高小氮肥厂氨利用率的途径

针对目前小氮肥厂氨利用率较低的问题,阐述了减少合成氨自用氮、搞好合成近装置及尿素装置氨回收、维持系统水平衡的具体措施。     

腐植酸对发展绿色低碳经济意义重大

<正>两百多年来,人类被"高碳"长烤。今天你"低碳"了吗?已成为人类共同的问候。哥本哈根世界气候大会刚结束,我们就迎来了以"腐植酸绿色产业与低碳经济发展"为主题的"第八     

Abstracts Selected from Naihuo Cailiao （Refractories）——A Chinese Language Bimonthly

Development and prospect of China＇ s refrac- tory industry equipment/Liu Junguang, WeiTong//Naihuo Cailiao. - 2013,47 （5） ：321 Alasttact： China＇ s refractory equipment including me- chanical equipment and kilns developed rapidly in the past two decades by technological innovation, advanced products introduction and independent research and de- velopment based on the former Soviet Union＇ s aid. In recent years, some high efficient equipment was devel- oped covering fields of fine grinding, burdening, mix- ing,shaping and firing,etc. In the new developing peri- od of refractory industry from big to strong, the ad- vanced refractory equipment shall be well researched and developed ,and be well spread taking the opportu- nity of raw materials homogenization and purification, capacity large scale, quality and pollutants reduction. improvement, energy saving     

Effect of Zircon Addition on Properties of Low Carbon Al2O3-C Refractories

Using tabular alumina as aggregate,tabular alumina fines, reactive alumina ultra-fines, aluminum powders,silicon powders,carbon black,flake graphite,B4C and zircon fines as matrix,low carbon Al2O3- C refractories were prepared. Influences of zircon powders additions( 0,3%,5% and 7%,in mass,the same hereinafter) on properties,phase composition and microstructure were investigated. The results show that the ZrO2- nitride can be in-situ formed through carbothermal reduction and nitridation in Al2O3- C refractories.With the increase of zircon powder,the oxidation resistance of the Al2O3- C refractories improves obviously,the oxidized layer thickness decreases from 7. 94 mm without zircon to 2. 71 mm with 5% zircon. HMOR at 1 400 ℃of the Al2O3- C refractories reaches the maximum 14. 9MPa when zircon addition is 5%. With the increase of zircon powder,the apparent porosity and bulk density change a little,CMOR and CCS increase.     

Influences of Polyvinyl Alcohol on Synthesis of A95 Polycrystalline Alumina Fibers

In order to improve the spinnabilities of A95 alumi- na silica sols, the influences of addition and polymeriza- tion degree of polyvinyl alcohol on spinnabilities of alu- mina silica sols were researched. The viscosity and rheo- logical properties of the sols, mierostructure, infrared spectra, average diameter and diameter distribution oJ the gel fibers, BET specific surface area and distribution of pore diameters were measured. The results show that iJ there is no spinning agent, the A95 sols have no spinna- bility ; when PVA 2099 addition is in the range of l. 0% -2.0% （in mass, the same hereinafter） , the prepared sols have good spinnability, the gel fibers produced are thin and uniform, and the shot content is low ; BET spe- cific surface area and gas absorption amount of A95 polycrystalline alumina fibers are the largest when PVA 2099 addition is 2. 0% ; the gel fibers are thick and non-uniform, and the shot content is high when PVA 2099 addition is 4. 0% ; with polymerization degree oJ PVA increasing, the average diameter and diameter dis- tribution range of the gel fibers increase gradually; when using PVA 1799 and PVA 1899, respectively, the spun gel fibers are thin and uniform.     

腐植酸产业低碳化技术解决途径探讨

<正>随着全球人口和经济规模不断增长,环境污染问题越发严重。近百年来,大气中二氧化碳(CO2)浓度的不断升高,导致全球正在经历一场以地球变暖为特征的显著气候变化。以低消     

Study ＆ application of the desliming pond for flotation feed

Aiming at the special feature of Panyi Coal Preparation Plant, i. e. its coal slime being high-ash and highly degraded,a process of deslime-ilotation proposed;owing to the inferior performance of a small diameter classifying cyclone, a new desliming pond for flotation feed designed;introduced are its structure, working principle and special feature;based on ex periment results a regressive equation with 9 relevances derived in which the average velocity of upward current taken as the in dependent variable.     

Effect of Nano-ZnO or Nano-Y2O3 on Sintering Property of Fused Quartz Ceramics

Fused quartz ceramic was prepared using high purity fused quartz powder as starting material,separately introducing 1%,2% and 3%( in mass,the same hereinafter) nano-ZnO or nano-Y2O3as additive,molding at 50 MPa, firing in reduction atmosphere at1 300,1 350 and 1 400 ℃ for 1 h,respectively. Apparent porosity and cold modulus of rupture were tested and fracture morphology was analyzed by SEM. The results show that adding nano-ZnO or nano-Y2O3obviously improves sintering of fused quartz; adding nano-ZnO enhances modulus of rupture and decreases apparent porosity; the optimum addition of nano-Y2O3as sintering aid of fused quartz is 2%.     

Preparation of Light-weight Spinel Refractories by Foaming-gel Process

Light-weight magnesium -aluminate spinel materi- als were prepared by foaming-gel process with polyalumi- nium chloride （PAC） as gel. Effect of solid loading in initial slurry on microstructure, porosity, pore size distri- bution, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties was investigated. The results show that the bulk density of the light-weight magnesium -aluminate spinel mate- rials is in the range of O. 7 1.2 g cm-3 ; pore size distribution curves show single-peak characteristics and the mean pore size is in the range of 30. 83 - 61.37 μm ; with the increase of solid loading, the linear shrinkage of the green body during firing and the permanent change in dimensions on heating at l 600 ℃ for 3 h de- crease, but the bulk density increases, the mechanical properties increase obviously; the maximum compressive strength and bending strength reach 35. 25 MPa and 9. 92 MPa, respectively, while the bulk density is 1. 16 g · cm ; and the thermal conductivity at 1 000 ℃ tea- ches 0. 371 W · m-1 . K-1 while the bulk density is O. 7 -3 g · cm     

Environmental-friendly Ramming Materials for Mud Package and Taphole of Large-scaled Blast Furnaces

The compositions, structures and properties of envi- ronmental-friendly ramming materials for mud package and taphole of large-scaled blast furnaces were studied. The results show that the formation of silica fibers makes structure of ramming materials dense. During the process of extruding mud and ramming materials, SiC is partly oxidized ; CaO , F% 03 and carbon penetrate towards the outer wall. The improvement of ramming materials can inhibit the penetration of molten slag, iron and carbon. The bulk density of environmental-friendly ramming ma- terials dried at 200 ℃ is 2.90 g · cm-3, the cold com- pressive strength of this kind of ramming materials dried at 200 ℃ is about 17. 0 MPa and fired at I 450 ℃ is about 39. 2 MPa.     

Effect of Al_2O_3-SiC Composite Powder on Properties of Al_2O_3-SiC一C Bricks

Al2O3- SiC- C specimens were prepared using white fused corundum( 3- 1,≤1 and ≤0. 044 mm),Al2O3- SiC composite powders( d50≤5 μm),α-Al2O3micropowder( d50= 1. 2 μm),SiC powder( ≤0. 044mm),flake graphite( ≤0. 088 mm),Si powder( d50= 42. 8 μm) and B4C powder( d50≤10 μm) as main starting materials,and thermosetting phenolic resin as binder. 4%,8%,12% and 16%( in mass,the same hereinafter) of Al2O3- SiC composite powders substituted the same quantity of α-Al2O3micropowder + SiC powder.Effects of composite powder additions on apparent porosity,bulk density,cold modulus of rupture,cold crushing strength,hot modulus of rupture( 1 400 ℃),therma shock resistance( 1 100 ℃,water quenching) and oxidation resistance( 1 000 and 1 500 ℃) of Al2O3- SiC- C specimens after 180 ℃ curing,1 000 ℃ 3 h carbon-embedded firing and 1 500 ℃ 3 h carbon-embedded firing,respectively,were researched. The results indicate that:( 1) with the increase of Al2O3- SiC composite powder,cold strengths of the cured specimens decline,those of the specimens fired at 1 000 ℃ change a little,and those of the specimens fired at 1 500 ℃ change a little except for an obvious improvement of cold crushing strength;( 2) with the increase of Al2O3- SiC composite powder,hot modulus of rupture at 1 400 ℃ decreasesand thermal shock resistance enhances significantly;( 3) when Al2O3- SiC composite powder addition is4%,the oxidation resistance at 1 500 ℃ is the best,and the reason may be the composite powder is finer and more active,which is beneficial to form dense mullite protective layer to retard the O2diffusion into the specimens.