Combined Dyeing and Resin Finishing of Wool/Viscose and Cotton/Wool Blends

The objective of this study is to establish a single-stage process for anionic dyeing and easy-care finishing of wool/viscose (60/40) and cotton/wool (70/30) blended fabrics. Optimum conditions for maximizing dyeability and achieving high resiliency are: Fixapret® ECO (50 g/L), triethanolamine hydrochloride (20 g/L), ammonium persulfate (7.5 g/L) at 160°C for 3 min. The extent of improvement in both the depth of shade and easy-care properties is determined by the nature of substrate and follows the descending order wool/viscose > cotton/wool. On the other hand, the extent of dye fixation and the change in fastness properties of the obtained dyeings are determined by the class of dyestuff.     

Application of Pigments to Wool by Resin Bonding

Pigment particles are incorporated in layers of polymer spread over wool fibres to achieve pastel colours of very high light and washing fastness. By the technique described, pigment particles are distributed evenly throughout the fibre assembly. Industrial-scale trials have been made on wool top and woven fabric.     

Estimation of Dye Content of Dyed Wool

Different types of wool fibres dissolved satisfactorily in cadoxen solvent, but the solutions were coloured owing to the formation of cadmium sulphide and complexes of cadmium with the decomposition products of wool. Zincoxen solvent, however, gave stable colourless solutions, although the time required for dissolution was longer. Estimation of dyeings with most direct, acid, metal-complex acid and reactive dyes could be conveniently and accurately carried out by measurement of the absorbance of solutions in cadoxen. For certain yellow and orange dyeings, however, it would be advisable to use zincoxen solvent.     

Computer Simulation of Monodisperse Aerosol Collection in Fibrous Filters

A computer program has been developed to simulate the filtration process in fibrous filters collecting monodisperse aerosol particles. The model filter is represented by an array of parallel cylindrical fibers and the Kuwabara flow field is employed to determine the particles trajectories inside the filter. The simulation model is based on the Monte-Carlo (self-driven) principle, and a sequence of uniform pairs of pseudorandom numbers is generated representing the initial locations of the approaching particles. The estimation of the initial collection efficiency through the simulation model that considers the deposited particles and the presence of dendrites is in good agreement with published experimental data. The development of the quasi three-dimensional simulation model offers a detailed information about the transient progression of the deposition process. The transient behavior of the pressure drop across the collector system (the fiber and the collected particles) and the morphology of deposit are presented and the results are in good agreement with experimental data.     

高电荷密度阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成

以丙烯酰胺为母体合成的阳离子单体，进行自聚或与其他阳离子单体共聚，合成高电荷密度阳离子絮凝剂。通过控制影响因素，得到了阳离子度为82．9％、分子量为20多万的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺。     

两类改进非线性滤波器UKF算法综述

通过对卡尔曼滤波的发展进行简述,引出标准无迹卡尔曼滤波和标准无迹变换的采样策略。通过对标准无迹卡尔曼滤波的分析,从两个切入点对标准无迹卡尔曼滤波进行改进,即超球体采样平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波和强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波,给出了对应的详细算法,并对无迹卡尔曼滤波算法进行总结与评述。     

羊毛角蛋白-聚乙烯醇再生纤维的结构性能表征

从废旧毛涤混纺面料中提取出羊毛角蛋白,配制角蛋白含量不同的3种纺丝液,通过静电纺丝方法得到羊毛角蛋白-聚乙烯醇(PVA)再生纤维。用扫描电镜观察、红外光谱分析及热学性能分析发现:3种羊毛角蛋白-PVA再生纤维膜中的纤维分布均匀、相互交叉,直径在230~260 nm左右;3种再生纤维的红外光谱都具有明显的角蛋白与PVA的特征;3种再生纤维膜的热稳定性差异不大。     

密度天平法测定聚乙烯树脂密度方法的探讨

通过试验考察了密度天平法测试聚乙烯树脂密度的重复性和准确性, 同时对比了密度梯度法测定聚乙烯密度的结果,两种方法测试结果能满足现密度方法要求的准确度和精密度范围,重复测定两结果之差：高密聚乙烯树脂≤0.0005 g/cm3,低密聚乙烯树脂≤0.0003 g/cm3。两种方法可以互替,相互补充,并讨论了影响密度天平法测定因素。     

聚乙烯基础树脂由低密度向高密度切换的技术

详细阐述了中原聚乙烯装置基础树脂由低密度DGM－1820向高密度DGM－6182切换的技术,介绍了两次切换的工艺过程、状态参数,分析了切换过程中出现的问题及解决方法。     

密度均匀性对玻璃棉制品性能影响浅析

介绍了玻璃棉制品密度均匀性的概念,分析了密度均匀性对该产品性能的影响.在此基础上,设计了试验方案,并对部分产品进行试验.阐述了玻璃棉制品在型式检验中对密度均匀性进行检验的必要性,指出该项目的检验对玻璃棉产品质量验收具有重要意义.     

Electrostatic Enhancement of the Collection Efficiency of Stainless Steel Fiber Filters

This study investigated the effect of using a stainless steel fibrous filter as the ground electrode of a point-to-plate electrostatic precipitator on particle penetration. The effect of the electrical field on particle penetration was investigated at 4 different filter face velocities (25, 50, 100, and 125 cm/s) for monodisperse PSL and silica particles (size range 0.05-1 m) as well as polydis perse ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and ultrafine indoor air particles. Particle penetration was greatly reduced by the application of the electrical field. By comparison, the performance of electrically active fibrous filters has been shown to rapidly degrade as particle loading exceeds 2-3 g/m². The effect of particle loading on particle penetration was also investigated at a filter face velocity of 50 cm/s. Particle penetration seemed to slightly decrease with particle loading and was independent of particle size. These results indicated that the accumulation of nonconductive particles up to 15 cm³/ m² does not create ''back corona,'' which would substantially decrease the collection efficiency of the grounded filter. In conclusion, our experiments suggest that using metal filters as the collector electrodes may be an attractive alternative design for electrostatic precipitators.     

Charge Density Distribution,Electrostatic Properties,and Impact Sensitivity of the High Energetic Molecule TNB: A Theoretical Charge Density Study

A quantum chemical calculation and a charge density analysis have been performed on the energetic molecule trinitrobenzene (TNB) to characterize its bond strength and to relate the bond topological parameters with the impact sensitivity. The optimized geometry of the molecule was calculated by the density functional method B3P86 with the basis set 6‐311G**. The bond topological analysis predicts a significantly low bond electron density (∼1770 e nm⁻³) as well as Laplacian of electron density (−1.67×10⁶ e nm⁻⁵) for C N bonds. This low value of the Laplacian indicates, the charges of these bonds are highly depleted, which confirms that these are the weakest bonds in the molecule. The N=O bonds bear a high negative value of Laplacian, reflecting that the bond charges are highly concentrated. The isosurface of the molecular, electrostatic potential (ESP) shows large electronegative regions at the vicinity of  NO₂ groups. Further analysis of ESP in the bonding region allows predicting the impact sensitivity. A sound relationship has been found between the ESP at the mid point of the bonds and its bond charge depletion. The positive ESP at the mid points of highly charge depleted C NO₂ bonds reveals that these bonds are the sensitive bonds in the molecule.     

抗静电织物的电荷面密度测试与分析

通过YG(B)403型织物摩擦带电测试仪测试各种无导电纤维织物、不锈钢纤维织物、有机导电纤维织物的电荷面密度,研究了摩擦次数和含水率对织物抗静电性能的影响。结果表明:大部分含导电纤维的织物抗静电性能优于普通织物;摩擦次数对织物的抗静电性能基本无影响;随着含水率的减少,含导电纤维的织物抗静电性能有提高趋势,普通织物抗静电性能会有所下降。     

A Colorimetric Method for the Estimation of Dieldrin in Wool

Dieldrin is quantitatively extracted from wool with benzene–methanol, separated from the extract chromatographically, and reacted with diphenylamine and zinc chloride to give a blue colour, the optical density of which is measured.     

ABS树脂性能评定

主要用常规测试手段,采用国际塑料标准检验方法,对ABS选择了相似类型的国产树脂和进口树脂,并制成试样进行各种性能的验证对比,取得了大量实验数据,进行综合性评定。     

三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛共缩聚树脂的性能研究

合成了三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛(MUF)共缩聚树脂,考察了不同施胶量、固化剂用量及木材种类对胶合木性能的影响。结果表明,MUF共缩聚树脂用量为300g/m2,双面施胶,固化剂用量在1~2%时,生产的胶合木性能最优。     

High Density Biocomposite from Natural Fibers and Tannin Resin

Abstract

Successful experiments on high, medium and low density natural fiber reinforced composites made from tannin/hexamine resin and flax–hemp fibers have recently been carried out. This study focused on the high density composites. In this work composite panels have been made of three different tannin extracts: mimosa, sulfited mimosa and quebracho, each with their own properties. The panels were tested for modulus in elasticity (MOE) in bending, and for swelling in cold water, following the French standard NF EN 622-2. It appeared that a strong correlation exists between the density and the mechanical performances of the composites. Water, which is necessary for hardening resin, can, when in excess cause a strong drop in the mechanical performances by increasing the porosity in a composite structure. In the course of carrying out this work, some manufacturing problems were found: cracks appeared during the pressing of large panels resulting in the need for a specific pressing cycle; and deformations occurred during the cooling phase due to internal stresses. Experimental procedures were developed and tested to reduce these problems.     

环氧树脂基磁性复合材料的起始磁导率研究

以环氧树脂为基体,以经退火的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶粉体为增强材料,制备了树脂基磁性复合材料,并研究了磁粉种类、非晶粉体粒径、非晶粉体退火条件、纳米晶粉体含量以及复合材料去应力退火条件对复合材料的起始磁导率的影响.结果表明,以经550℃×0.5h退火的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9纳米晶粉体为磁性增强体的复合材料的起始磁导率最大;随着纳米晶粉体含量的增加,复合材料的起始磁导率增大;对复合材料进行去应力退火可以提高其起始磁导率.     

高韧性抗起霜树脂的制备及性能研究

以新戊二醇（NPG）、乙二醇（EG）、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇为多元醇,对苯二甲酸（PTA）、间苯二甲酸（IPA）为多元酸,三羟甲基丙烷为扩链剂合成了一种高韧性饱和抗起霜聚酯树脂,并对其理化性能和结构进行表征,研究了合成单体对粉末涂料抗起霜性能以及柔韧性的影响,用高效液相色谱（GPC）初步分离酯化阶段中所产生的小分子物质,通过基质辅助激光解吸电离（MALDI）测定其相对分子质量,比较了使用不同单体对环状化合物产生的影响。结果表明：单体与PTA成环状化合物可能性：MPD>NPG>EG;当m(MPD)∶m(EG)=2∶1时,聚酯具有较好的贮存稳定性,所制备的涂料具有优异的抗起霜性能、柔韧性、耐沸水性以及耐老化性。