配套轿车轮胎的性能测试

介绍配套轿车轮胎开发过程中,从轮胎单体性能到轮胎整车性能所需的测试项目、设备及方法等。耐久性能包括常规耐久性能、老化耐久性能、结构耐久性能和整车加速耐久性能,安全性能包括强度性能、脱圈阻力、实车脱圈阻力、保持性能、制动性能、横向抓着性能、高速稳定性和耐鼓包性能,动力学性能包括刚度特性、六分力、操纵稳定性以及噪声、振动和声振粗糙度,经济性包括滚动阻力性能和耐磨性能等。指出建立完备的测试系统是配套轮胎开发的基础。     

四氢呋喃均聚醚聚氨酯弹性体(PTMG-PU)影响环境性能的因素

介绍了四氢呋喃聚醚(PTMG)聚氨酯弹性体的性能。讨论了其化学结构对PU弹性体环境性能的影响。环境性能包括耐热性能、耐水性能、低温性能、耐介质性能、耐紫外线性能、耐磨性能、内生热、疲劳性、透明性、回弹性、导电性能等。     

乘用汽车密封条的耐环境性能及其测试

介绍乘用汽车密封条的分类、结构、耐环境性能及测试方法。乘用汽车密封条的耐环境性能一般在人工气候加速条件下测试，主要包括压缩永久变形、压缩负荷、压缩负荷变化率、长度的温度稳定性能、抗皱性能、粘合性能、油漆不敏感性能、抗冷冻性能、耐臭氧老化性能和氙灯老化性能等。我国乘用汽车密封条耐环境性能的测试标准亟待完善。     

基于纳米粒子改性塑料性能的研究

综述纳米粒子改性塑料的方法和研究进展，总结了纳米粒子改性塑料的力学性能、摩擦学性能、电学性能和阻隔性能、生物学性能、流变性能和加工性能等性能，指出纳米粒子改性塑料的和研究方向。     

无机填料对丁腈橡胶性能的影响

研究了4种无机填料对丁腈橡胶性能的影响。结果表明,加入轻质碳酸钙可提高混炼胶门尼粘度和耐疲劳性能,但耐油性能和低温性能均下降;加入滑石粉后,混炼胶物理机械性能、耐热性能和耐油性能均明显下降,低温性能小幅下降,耐疲劳性能有所提高;加入陶土可提高混炼胶门尼粘度、物理机械性能、耐热性能和耐疲劳性能,耐油性能和低温性能均小幅下降;加入白炭黑可提高混炼胶门尼粘度、物理机械性能和耐热性能,耐油性能和低温性能均小幅下降,耐疲劳性能大幅提高。     

轮胎的管理、使用和保养讲座第1讲轮胎和轮辋介绍

(接上期)2 3　缓冲性能　　轮胎的缓冲性能决定车辆悬挂系统性能,因此确定轮胎的缓冲性能应与车辆整体悬挂性能相匹配,但实际上往往单独鉴定轮胎缓冲性能。　　轮胎缓冲性能以单位径向变形所需负荷量表示,通常以Ｎ·ｃｍ-1为单位。轮胎径向载荷与径向半径的关系称为载荷性能,因此轮胎缓冲性能是其载荷性能中的一种特定性能。　　轮胎缓冲性能可以用影响汽车悬挂系统性能的指标表示,有多种方法测量,若用在一定使用条件下车辆的振动频率和振动幅度表示,可直接了解轮胎缓冲性能对车辆性能的影响。　　车辆行驶时缓冲性能也发生变化,随着速度增…     

废旧EPS塑料/混凝土复合材料的流变性能和耐侵蚀性能分析

通过废旧聚苯乙烯塑料(EPS)替代砂材料,制备废旧EPS塑料/混凝土复合材料,并研究复合材料流变性能和耐侵蚀性能。结果表明:随着EPS用量的增加,复合材料的流变性能不断提高;其耐水侵蚀性能、耐二氧化碳侵蚀性能和耐低温侵蚀性能均先提高后降低;复合材料的耐高温侵蚀性能逐渐降低。当EPS用量为12%,复合材料的耐水侵蚀性能、耐二氧化碳侵蚀性能和耐低温侵蚀性能最优。     

不同磁粉含量对磁性PP纤维性能的影响

采用皮芯层复合纤维纺丝机纺制不同磁粉含量的聚丙烯 (PP)磁性纤维 ,对纤维的纺丝性能、拉伸性能、热性能进行了研究。结果表明 :随着磁粉含量的增加 ,磁性纤维的纺丝性能、拉伸性能、热性能下降。选择磁粉和聚丙烯的合理配比 ,既可以提高磁性纤维的纺丝性能、拉伸性能和热性能 ,又可以提高磁性纤维的磁粉含量。     

功能单体对聚酯树脂/TGIC型热转印粉末涂料流平性能的影响

通过单因素法研究了功能单体等对聚酯树脂、涂料及涂层性能的影响,重点考察了粉末涂料涂层的流平性能和转印性能,结果显示:4-氨基-1-丁醇可以同时提高热转印性能及流平性能;1,4-环己烷二甲酸(CHDA)可以提高流平性能但会降低热转印性能;2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)及均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)可以提高热转印性能但会降低流平性能。     

PET/ECDP/PEG共混改性聚酯纤维的研究

研究了PET ECDP PEG共混改性聚酯切片的热性能、结晶性能、流变性能 ,并对经高速纺丝制得的共混改性聚酯纤维的力学性能、染色性能、吸湿性能及抗静电性能进行了测定。     

2,3,6-三甲基苯酚一步氧化制备2,3,5-三甲基-1,4-苯醌研究进展

2,3,6-三甲基苯酚一步氧化制备2,3,5-三甲基-1,4-苯醌相对于传统的磺化-氧化法具有产品收率高、过程简单、条件温和以及环境友好等特点。本文针对2,3,6-三甲基苯酚一步氧化制备2,3,5-三甲基-1,4-苯醌的均相催化氧化和非均相催化氧化工艺进行了综述,对两种工艺的发展过程及研究现状进行了评价及总结。详细讨论了不同方法和路线在催化活性、选择性以及产品分离和催化剂回收等方面的优缺点,简要分析并总结了2,3,6-三甲基苯酚一步氧化研究的发展规律和最新动态,展望了以非均相催化反应机制为重点的微观机理研究和以提高催化剂循环稳定性、降低制备成本为重点的工业化探索两个潜在的发展方向。     

Biosorption: critical review of scientific rationale,environmental importance and significance for pollution treatment

Biosorption may be simply defined as the removal of substances from solution by biological material. Such substances can be organic and inorganic, and in gaseous, soluble or insoluble forms. Biosorption is a physico‐chemical process and includes such mechanisms as absorption, adsorption, ion exchange, surface complexation and precipitation. Biosorption is a property of both living and dead organisms (and their components) and has been heralded as a promising biotechnology for pollutant removal from solution, and/or pollutant recovery, for a number of years, because of its efficiency, simplicity, analogous operation to conventional ion exchange technology, and availability of biomass. Most biosorption studies have carried out on microbial systems, chiefly bacteria, microalgae and fungi, and with toxic metals and radionuclides, including actinides like uranium and thorium. However, practically all biological material has an affinity for metal species and a considerable amount of other research exists with macroalgae (seaweeds) as well as plant and animal biomass, waste organic sludges, and many other wastes or derived bio‐products. While most biosorption research concerns metals and related substances, including radionuclides, the term is now applied to particulates and all manner of organic substances as well. However, despite continuing dramatic increases in published research on biosorption, there has been little or no exploitation in an industrial context. This article critically reviews aspects of biosorption research regarding the benefits, disadvantages, and future potential of biosorption as an industrial process, the rationale, scope and scientific value of biosorption research, and the significance of biosorption in other waste treatment processes and in the environment. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

振动丝法测定常压和加压下液体的黏度和密度

介绍了自行研制的高温高压振动丝黏度密度仪的构造和测定原理,并以正戊烷作为实验流体对仪器的可靠性和准确性进行了测试.测定了环己烷在323.15～413.15 K温度范围内、正辛烷在313.15～393.15 K温度范围内、苯在303.15～445.15 K温度范围内压力分别为常压和6.10 MPa、正庚烷和异辛烷在298.15～403.15 K温度范围内压力分别为常压和5.10 MPa下的黏度与密度,并分别对不同压力下的黏度、密度数据进行了关联.     

木质素/热塑性塑料复合材料界面增容的研究进展

将木质素作为一种有机颗粒填料添加到热塑性塑料中,可解决造纸黑液资源化利用、石油原料日渐紧张以及环境污染加剧等严峻问题。而木质素与热塑性塑料之间相容性直接影响木质素在塑料工业中的应用与发展。首先简要概述了木质素结构与性质和木质素/热塑性塑料复合材料的性能分析,然后系统地阐述国内外研究木质素/热塑性塑料复合材料界面增容方法及其原理;增容方法按添加相容剂、改性木质素和改性塑料进行归类,并对3种增容方法进行比较分析;接着综述了木质素复合材料中增容方法的交叉复合使用;最后对未来木质素/热塑性塑料复合材料界面增容的研究方向以及思路进行了展望。     

Characterization of chlorophyll pigments present in canola seed,meal and oil

Chlorophyll pigments present in canola seed, meal and crude and degummed oils were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. Chlorophylls a and b, low levels of pheophytin a, and occasionally traces of pheophorbide and its methyl ester were present in canola seed. Meals and oils contained magnesium-deficient chlorophyll pigments such as pheophorbide a, methylpheophorbide a, pheophytins a and b, and pyropheophytins a and b but not chlorophyll a or b. The amounts of chlorophyll pigments were oil > seed >> meal. Both crude and degummed oils contained pheophytin a and pyropheophytin a as main components, but the ratio of pyropheophytin a to pheophytin a was markedly higher in degummed oils. No pheophorbides were detected in degummed oils. These results suggest that oil processing steps such as extraction and degumming affect the composition of chlorophyll pigments. Publication No. 678 Canadian Grain Commission.     

Kinetics of the hydrolysis and condensation of organofunctional alkoxysilanes: a review

A review of the literature is presented for the hydrolysis of alkoxysilane esters and for the condensation of silanols in solution or with surfaces. Studies using mono-, di-, and trifunctional silane esters and silanols with different alkyl substituents are used to discuss the steric and electronic effects of alkyl substitution on the reaction rates and kinetics. The influences of acids, bases, pH, solvent, and temperature on the reaction kinetics are examined. Using these rate data, Taft equations and Bronsted plots are constructed and then used to discuss the mechanisms for acid and base-catalyzed hydrolysis of silane esters and condensation of silanols. Practical implications for using organofunctional silane esters and silanols in industrial applications are presented.     

塑料挤出机螺杆,机筒耐磨损,耐腐蚀的强化与应用

对塑料挤出机,注塑机螺杆,机筒的磨损,腐蚀原因及提高螺杆,机筒耐磨损,耐腐蚀的方法、制造与应用作了较详尽的介绍。     

工业生产中物位测量的探讨与研究

在工业生产中常常会遇到常温,常压和一般介质的液位,料位和界面的测量,也会遇到高温,高压,易燃易爆,腐蚀性较强的液位,料位和界面的测量。在工业生产中物位测量有接触式和非接触式测量。但应根据生产工况及技术要求来合理选用。     

A Simulation Model for Heat Pump Dryer Plants for Fruits and Roots.

Dryer design requires food properties, drying rate and mass-heat transfer coefficients. These values change continuously during drying due to changes in food fractions, particularly the water fraction. The high energy demand and costs allied to inefficient devices, creates a great need for new processing equipment. Along these guide-lines, several heat pump drying research projects were established at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. The heat pump dryer provides high quality final product as its drying conditions can be controlled. Its efficiency and non-polluting operation come from closed air-refrigerant circuits and from its ability to fully recover the latent heat of moist air as it exits the drying chamber. Most of the above features are quite the opposite of the conventional dryer characteristics. Several experiments were made on heat pump drying of fruits and roots at temperatures from -22.5 to 40°C to obtain data and correlations on thermophysical properties, specific enthalpy and rehydration. Also, tests were done on drying rate, moisture content, drying constant, effective mass diffusivity and heat and mass transfer equations. The next important phase is the development of a simulation model to predict the performance and characteristics of the heat pump dryer plant. The objectives of the present work are to develop and lo test a heat pump dryer simulation model. The simulation provides results on the characteristics of both plant and components which are integrated by heat and mass transfer equations. The program has menus with click-on icons, input and output pop-up dialogue boxes. The usual commands such as, file-open, file-save, edit-delete are available in this program simply called Hpdryer. The model contains moist air psychrometric. natural and conventional refrigerant property libraries. Ammonia is a time-tested, self-alarming and natural refrigerant. It has been used extensively in the past, and it has better thermodynamic and transport properties than halocarbons. Safety is easily attained by design and its restrictive standards have helped increase its use in several countries. There are 36 ammonia installations in Norway and in the United Kingdom, including a drying plant. Ammonia has zero Odp, zero Gwp and the recent R&D has led to viable small-sale heat pump plants. Ammonia and dichlarodifluoromethane refrigerants were used in the test cases simulated by Hpdryer madel.     

The Body’s Cellular and Molecular Response to Protein-Coated Medical Device Implants: A Review Focused on Fibronectin and BMP Proteins

Recent years have seen a marked rise in implantation into the body of a great variety of devices: hip, knee, and shoulder replacements, pacemakers, meshes, glucose sensors, and many others. Cochlear and retinal implants are being developed to restore hearing and sight. After surgery to implant a device, adjacent cells interact with the implant and release molecular signals that result in attraction, infiltration of the tissue, and attachment to the implant of various cell types including monocytes, macrophages, and platelets. These cells release additional signaling molecules (chemokines and cytokines) that recruit tissue repair cells to the device site. Some implants fail and require additional revision surgery that is traumatic for the patient and expensive for the payer. This review examines the literature for evidence to support the possibility that fibronectins and BMPs could be coated on the implants as part of the manufacturing process so that the proteins could be released into the tissue surrounding the implant and improve the rate of successful implantation.