炭粒床高效工业除尘装置的设计与开发

The new dust removal technical route using the carbon-granular bed filter, packed of carbon particles with appropriate grade derive from an online-process vibration sieve, to replace the traditional baggy filter had been developed successfully for capturing the micro-carbon dusts produced from pulverization of petroleum coke,and the green close loop of carbon materials is thus completed in the combined pulverizing and classifying system and pulverized carbon dust removal process. The high dust removal efficiency greater than 99%, low outlet dust concentration less than 100 mg-m-S, low pressure drop through dust filtration chamber less than 980 Pa, simple and easy design, and flexible and stable operation were achieved also with the carbon-granular bed filter in both bench and industrial scale operations.     

超重力旋转床微米级粉尘脱除的试验研究

用超细滑石粉模拟工业微米级粉尘,通过试验研究了超重力平面丝网旋转床的除尘特性。考察了旋转床在实验室不同的气体流量、液体流量、转速和平面丝网层数条件下的除尘效果,试验结果表明,气体流量600m~3/h、液体流量大于0.6 m~3/h、转速1400 r/min、轴向放置3层平面丝网时,除尘总效率大于97%,设备压力降不超过490 Pa。该旋转床具有高效除尘和低阻性能,若在硫酸净化系统中使用,预期可获得节能与高效净化效果。     

玻璃纤维窑炉烟气脱硫除尘技术的研究

针对目前玻璃纤维窑炉烟气成分的特点,提出半干法脱硫除尘技术——循环流化床脱硫塔+布袋除尘器。经工程实践运行监测,该综合治理技术脱硫效率≥90%,除尘效率≥99%,系统运行可靠性高,投资费用低,运行费用低。     

超重力法烟气除尘机理及试验

探讨了超重力技术除尘机理,提出了利用新型强化传递过程技术--超重力旋转填料床为实验设备,采用超重力法对电厂烟气进行除尘试验研究,试验了超重力强度、液气比和填料类型等对去除尘效率的影响.实验结果表明,钢质波纹丝网填料优于尼龙丝网填料;液气比和转速较高时分级效率较高;在适宜的操作条件下,超重力法除尘可达到99%以上;压力损失小,压降小于2.4 kPa.超重力技术具有去除效率高和投资费用低等优点,在烟气除尘方面具有良好的应用前景.     

气固错流移动颗粒床过滤器压降特性研究

研究了错流移动颗粒床过滤器操作压降与过滤介质特性、表现过滤气速、颗粒层移动速度和床层粉尘沉积量之间的关系。结果表明，无粉尘沉积时，床层压降可以用Ergun方程计算。颗粒层移动速度的变化并不会造成床层压降的显著变化。除尘过程中，床层内粉尘沉积量随气体中粉尘浓度的增大、颗粒层移动速度的减小而增加，同时将导致床层压降的显著增大。错流移动床除尘操作压降可以用带修正项的Ergun方程计算，其修正项为比沉积率和颗粒层空欧率的函数。在实验数据范围内，该方程的计算结果与实验数据最大偏差小于15％。     

气固错流移动颗粒床过滤器除尘效率

研究了气固错流移动颗粒床过滤器除尘效率与表观过滤气速、颗粒层移动速度、过滤气体粉尘含量的关系,并进一步探讨了粉尘在颗粒层内的沉积对除尘效果的影响.结果表明,颗粒层内粉尘沉积量较低时,沉积的粉尘有效地促进了颗粒层除尘效率的提高,但随粉尘沉积量增大,沉积粉尘的二次飞扬变得严重,其促进效应逐渐减小.在考虑了沉积粉尘对除尘效率影响和颗粒层内粉尘沉积不均匀性的基础上,基于捕集单元的收缩管模型,建立了计算移动颗粒层除尘效率和床层内粉尘沉积分布的数学模型.模型计算结果和实验数据比较表明,在操作气速0.1～0.3m•s^-1范围内,计算值与实验结果吻合较好.据此对除尘效率和床层内粉尘沉积的变化趋势进行了模拟分析.     

入口粉尘浓度对新型旋流-颗粒床耦合分离器特性的影响

通过大型冷模实验,考察了入口粉尘浓度对某连续操作新型旋流-颗粒床耦合分离器压降和除尘效率的影响特性。结果表明,入口粉尘浓度越大,达到平衡时分离器的压降越大,压降增速越快,入口粉尘浓度为59.13 g/m3时,分离器平衡压降最大为1.2 kPa;入口粉尘浓度越低,分离器分离效率越高。分离器颗粒床层内捕集颗粒含尘量与再生效率有关,再生尘源浓度越小,分离器压降达到平衡越快。当再生尘源浓度由58.18%降至23.67%,装置压降由1.5 kPa降至1.2 kPa;随着再生尘源浓度降低,分离器除尘效率略微下降。入口粉尘浓度和再生尘源浓度对分离器压降影响的结果一致,对分离器效率影响的结果不同。     

超重力旋转床脱除微米级粉尘的实验研究

用超细滑石粉模拟工业微米级粉尘,通过实验研究了超重力旋转床的除尘特性.考察了旋转床在不同的气量q<,G>、液量q<,L>、转速n和轴向放置平面丝网层数n<,m>下的除尘效果,确定了实验室规模下适宜的除尘工艺条件:q<,G>=600 m<'3>/h,q<,L>>0.6 m<'3>/h,N=1 400 r/min,n<,m...     

低阶煤热解高温油气除尘技术进展

低阶煤的热解是我国煤炭清洁高效转化的重要方式,高温油气除尘困难是限制其产业化的瓶颈。低阶煤热解过程中的高温油气具有温度高、尘含量大、含大分子稠环芳烃、易冷凝等特点,易阻塞除尘器及工艺管道,腐蚀设备,降低产品品质。本文主要从工程化应用角度,对比了湿法除尘、旋风除尘、静电除尘、陶瓷管除尘、金属过滤器除尘、颗粒床除尘等主要高温除尘工艺在低阶煤热解高温油气除尘领域的应用现状,分析了各技术优缺点及领域内的专利情况,指出颗粒床除尘、催化除尘、组合除尘技术有望成为未来该领域的发展方向。     

The influence of granular flow rate on the performance of a moving bed granular filter

The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of granular flow rate on the performance of a moving bed granular filter designed for hot gas filtration of fine char particles (dust) produced during fast pyrolysis of biomass. The filter employs a counter-current configuration, in which down-flowing granular material spreads out at the bottom of the filtration vessel to form an interfacial area where the dusty gas enters the granular bed and much of the gas cleaning is hypothesized to occur. This study uses a real-time particle counter to measure the instantaneous filtration efficiency during cold flow tests of the filter. Differential pressure measurements at various locations within the granular bed are used to assess the level of char dust hold-up over time. These experiments reveal a critical granular residence time below which the filter must be operated to achieve filtration efficiencies exceeding 99%. Operating above the critical value causes the filter to “clog” and decrease in efficiency. The clogging is characterized by a critical dust volume fraction as determined through a fixed bed filtration test. The filter is found to accumulate most of the dust at the interfacial region. Also the interfacial region is more efficient than the downcomer section of the granular bed in removing dust. Decreasing residence time of granular material in the filter reduces the hold-up of char dust in the filter, which is expected to mitigate coking reactions of organic vapors when the filter is used to remove char from fast pyrolysis gas streams.