环氧/聚二甲基硅氧烷/MCM-41超疏水涂层的制备与性能研究

针对常规超疏水涂层制备工艺繁琐等问题，以介孔SiO₂纳米颗粒(MCM-41)为填料和载体，聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为低表面能改性剂，环氧树脂及其固化剂为成膜物，采用喷涂法制备了超疏水涂层。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、共聚焦显微镜、接触角测量仪、拉伸试验机对其表面形貌、结构、疏水性及附着力进行表征。重点考察了PDMS改性的MCM-41(MCM-41/PDMS)和树脂基体质量比对涂层性能的影响。结果表明：当MCM-41/PDMS质量分数为55%，可以得到涂层疏水性(接触角150°，滚动角9°)和附着力(7.33 MPa)的最佳匹配，涂层经过胶带剥离300次和磨损150周期后，水接触角仍大于150°。     

炭黑/PDMS光热超疏水涂层的制备及防冰除冰性能

通过在基材表面喷涂环氧树脂作为黏合剂,然后喷涂炭黑纳米粒子、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)以及十七氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷(PFDTES)的共混液制备了一种炭黑/PDMS光热超疏水涂层.炭黑纳米粒子提供光热性能并使涂层具有微纳粗糙结构,结合PFDTES较低的表面能使涂层获得超疏水性能.制备涂层表面的水滴接触角高达161?,滚动角低至1.4?,呈现优异的超疏水性能,从而使水滴在玻璃表面结冰的时间由30 s延迟到160 s.涂层中炭黑所提供的光热转换效应使其表面的冰在太阳光照射下能迅速融化,并随自重自动脱落.此外,涂层的自清洁性能可防止表面在户外应用时遭受污染,有利于保护涂层的光热转换性能和长期光热除冰功能.     

超疏水近红外吸收涂层的制备及性能表征

以纳米Si O2为微纳结构改性剂、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为粘合剂、Sm2O3为功能颜料,通过合理的涂层结构设计,采用刮涂法制备得到具有超疏水特性的PDMS/Sm2O3复合涂层。分析探讨了PDMS和Sm2O3配比(质量比)、纳米Si O2添加量及表面微纳结构层对涂层性能的影响规律。结果表明,PDMS和Sm2O3质量比对涂层性能具有重要影响,当m(PDMS)∶m(Sm2O3)=6∶4时,涂层对1.06μm近红外光的反射率可低至58.8%,涂层的水接触角可达到113°,明显高于传统聚氨酯基近红外吸收涂层的水接触角。通过在PDMS/Sm2O3复合涂层表面涂覆具有明显乳突状结构特征的PDMS/SiO2微纳结构层,可使涂层实现超疏水特性。PDMS/Sm2O3复合涂层表面经Si O2质量分数为30%的PDMS/SiO2微纳结构层涂覆后,其水接触角可增大到158°,滚动角可低至4°,同时具有较低的1.06μm近红外反射率(61.4%)性能。     

高疏水性硅橡胶防污闪涂料的制备及其性能研究

以端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷、不同粒径的改性二氧化硅粒子、硅烷偶联剂及助剂为原料,采用有机-无机杂化纳米技术,制得具有高疏水性能的室温硫化(RTV)硅橡胶防污闪涂料。采用扫描电镜表征了涂层的表面形貌,用静态接触角测试仪测定了二氧化硅用量对涂层的憎水性及憎水迁移性变化。结果表明,固定纳米级二氧化硅的用量,当微米级二氧化硅用量为10份时,涂层表面形成一定的微米二级粗糙结构,涂层表面接触角为131.50,具有较高的疏水性能;同时,涂层也具有优良的憎水迁移性。此时,硅橡胶的拉伸强度为2.08 MPa,伸长率581%,撕裂强度5.65 kN/m,体积电阻率1.38×1015Ω·m,污秽湿工频闪络电压3 kV,阻燃性FV-0级。     

辊式涂布法构建纸基牢固超疏水表面

采用辊式涂布的方法在纸基材料上构建超疏水表面，并对超疏水表面的牢固性、自清洁性和疏水性能进行评价。用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷和1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷（POTS）对微米级和纳米级两种尺寸的TiO₂粒子进行疏水改性处理，然后将改性后的微/纳米TiO₂涂布在纸基材料表面。采用红外光谱（FTIR）对改性后的微/纳米TiO₂的化学组成进行了分析，采用扫描电镜（SEM）对涂布纸表面结构进行了表征，通过接触角、耐磨性和自洁净测试评价了涂层表面的超疏水性、牢固性和自清洁性。改性TiO₂的FTIR分析显示在1000～1500cm^-1之间出现多个C—F键的伸缩振动峰，表明POTS通过化学键与TiO₂表面发生了结合。涂布纸表面的SEM分析可以看出，纸基材料表面上均匀分布了微米和纳米尺寸的TiO₂颗粒，具备了类似荷叶表面微-纳结构的粗糙表面。涂层表面的水接触角为153°±1.5°，滚动角为3.5°±0.5°，水滴在涂层表面呈球形，极易滑落，涂层在水中浸泡7天后，接触角没有发生明显变化，表明纸张表面具备了优异的超疏水性能，且疏水稳定性较好。涂层表面经过10次循环磨损试验后，接触角仍能达到150°，滚动角为9°，表明机械摩擦没有对涂布纸表面的化学成分和粗糙结构造成明显的破坏，超疏水表面的牢固性较好。自洁净测试表明，涂布纸表面具有良好的自清洁和防污性能。该工艺过程操作简单，易于实现工业化生产，为在纸基表面构建综合性能优异的超疏水表面提供了一种新的便利途径。     

一步法构建超疏水棉织物及性能研究

采用简单易行的一步法制备超疏水棉织物,用聚苯硫醚(PPS)与纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)改变棉织物表面结构,提高粗糙程度,使用二甲基硅油(PDMS)降低棉织物表面能,棉织物多次浸泡后烘干固化.疏水整理后的棉织物与水的接触角达到161.7°,同时表现出良好的抗寒性、耐酸性、皂洗性以及自清洁性.     

纳米二氧化钛/氟树脂超疏水涂层的制备及性能

以金红石型纳米TiO2及自制的氟树脂制备了氟碳涂料,采用刷涂法于铁片表面构筑了超疏水涂层。考察了纳米TiO2与氟树脂用量、热处理温度等对涂层疏水性的影响,并分别用扫描电镜(SEM)、接触角测量仪观察和测试了涂层表面的微观结构及疏水性。结果表明,涂层表面的水接触角随着氟树脂用量的增加而增大,随纳米TiO2用量的增加呈先增后减的趋势。涂层的吸水率随着氟树脂用量的增加而减少,随纳米TiO2用量的增加呈先减后增的趋势。随着热处理温度的升高,涂层的水接触角先增后减,吸水率先减后增。最佳工艺条件是TiO2及氟树脂的质量分数分别为12%与40%,热处理温度170℃。此条件下得到的涂层表面具有微/纳二元粗糙结构,对水静态接触角达152°,为超疏水涂层,并具有优异的耐水、耐酸碱、耐洗刷、耐沾污及自清洁性能。     

β-FeOOH/PDMS超疏水涂层的制备及其性能研究

通过环保的一步水热法制备了疏水性的β-FeOOH纳米粒子,将其添加到聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)中,采用喷涂法在镁合金AZ31表面制备β-FeOOH/PDMS疏水涂层,利用X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱分析(FT-IR)对超疏水涂层进行了表征,并研究了其耐磨性、耐腐蚀性、自清洁及抗海藻粘附特性。当m(β-FeOOH)∶m(PDMS)=85∶100时,涂层达到超疏水状态,水接触角为(152.6±1.2)°。摩擦磨损实验证明超疏水涂层的稳定性。涂层在15 d内对基底能起到腐蚀防护作用。此外涂层还表现出优异的自清洁性、防污泥和抗海藻粘附性。     

基于不同壁温的超疏水涂层制备及减阻性能研究

以操作简单的喷涂方式,将二氧化硅(SiO2)纳米粒子喷涂在聚氨酯(PU)表面形成了双层结构超疏水涂层.对所制备的涂层表面形貌特征、化学成分和润湿性能进行了表征分析,自主设计并搭建了减阻测试平台(旋转粘度计测试仪),借助此平台研究了不同壁温条件下超疏水涂层的减阻效果.研究表明,制备的超疏水涂层接触角为157.9°,滚动角...     

硅橡胶超疏水涂料的制备及其防闪络性能

以端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷、沉淀法SiO2、Al(OH)3等改性纳米无机粒子和硅烷偶联剂及其它助剂为原料,采用真空混炼法,制备出具有超疏水性能的新型室温硫化(RTV)硅橡胶涂层.该涂层具有较大的静态接触角和小的滚动角.采用AFM和SEM对涂层进行表征,并用接触角测定仪定量测定涂层的憎水性和憎水迁移性.结果表明,涂层表面的微纳米二级粗糙结构使涂层具有了类荷叶的优异疏水性能;同时,涂层也具有优良的憎水迁移性.并对超疏水RTV硅橡胶涂层和普通RTV硅橡胶涂层表面进行了污秽闪络对比实验,结果表明超疏水RTV硅橡胶涂层的防闪络性能得到了很大的提高.     

A facile preparation of the superhydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane materials and its performances based on the supercritical fluid foaming

The supercritical foaming (SCF) method was proposed to conveniently fabricate superhydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface. The effect of foaming parameters on the cellular structure, wettability, mechanical properties and thermal properties was investigated. This work indicates that the microstructure plays an important role in the superhydrophobicity of the PDMS materials. When the cell size and cell wall size, respectively, reach to 103.6 and 29.7 μm, the water contact angle (WCA) of the microcellular PDMS foams can achieve the maximum value 158°, and the air occupies about 90.6% of the contact areas. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of superhydrophobic PDMS materials can reach to 0.81 MPa, indicating that the superhydrophobic PDMS materials are useful. Moreover, the superhydrophobic PDMS materials show good thermal stability and excellent adiabatic property. And the method is simple and convenient, which can be used for the preparation of the superhydrophobic surfaces.     

A durable and environmental friendly superhydrophobic coatings with self-cleaning,anti-fouling performance for liquid-food residue reduction

A durable and environmentally-friendly superhydrophobic coatings for liquid-food residue reduction were prepared by using stearic acid (SA) modified organic montmorillonite (SA@OMMT) and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). Due to the natural hydrophobicity of SAs, SA@OMMT provides low surface energy as well as roughness for the coating. PDMS not only provided low surface energy in the coating but also contributed to the bonding of SA@OMMT as a result of its high adhesive properties. In addition, PDMS has good physical properties after curing, which can effectively improve the physical properties and durability of a superhydrophobic coating by the self-assembly method using a PDMS/n-hexane solution. For 1 wt.% SA@OMMT and 5 wt.% PDMS, the resulting SA@OMMT/PDMS (SOP) coating showed the water contact angle (WCA) and water sliding angle (WSA) of 156.3°and 2°, respectively. The prepared coatings have good physical and chemical stability, and they still have superhydrophobicity after physical abrasion tests and exposure to the corrosion solutions. In the meanwhile, the prepared coating also has flexibility and superhydrophobicity after bending and folding. Finally, the coating surface shows highly effective antifouling ability to liquid and solid pollutants. The coating can be applied against different substrates and has potential application in the field of liquid-food residue reduction.     

Preparation and characterization of superhydrophobic surface based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)

Biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces exhibit excellent self-cleaning properties due to their special micro/nano-scale binary structures. In order to prepare the superhydrophobic surface of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a facile fabrication method for replicating micro/nano-scale binary aluminium structures into PDMS is presented. The microscopic morphology, composition, surface roughness (Ra) and wettability of the sample surface were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, roughness measurement equipment and contact angle meter respectively. Based on the measurements of the contact angles of deionized water (DI water) and ethanediol, surface free energies of the coatings were estimated according to the Owens two-liquid method. The superhydrophobic PDMS exhibited lower surface free energy than flat PDMS with a DI water contact angle (WCA) of 165°. The surface roughness (Ra) increased with the increasing of etching time in the range 0–80?min, and then decreased with the change of etching time, similar to the variation of contact angle with etching time. Moreover, the prepared surface had different micro-morphologies and its wettability was changed by regulating the chemical etching time. In addition, the superhydrophobic PDMS also showed good self-cleaning properties and the bouncing effect of the water droplets.     

A new reutilization strategy of waste printed circuit board nonmetal powders for constructing superhydrophobic coatings

Reutilization of waste printed circuit board nonmetal powders (WPCBP) has been one of the major bottlenecks in the comprehensive utilization of electronic wastes. Herein, a new reutilization strategy of WPCBP was innovatively proposed to develop a superhydrophobic coating. Typically, WPCBP@SiO₂ hybrid filler was successfully prepared by the in-situ growth of silica on WPCBP surface, and the structures and compositions of WPCBP@SiO₂ were systematically investigated by SEM, FTIR, and TGA. Then the obtained WPCBP@SiO₂ was combined with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to prepare a superhydrophobic coating. The as-prepared PDMS/WPCBP@SiO₂ coatings exhibited excellent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning ability, whose static water contact angle (WCA) is more than 150° while the sliding angle (SA) is <10°. In summary, this study provides a green and efficient reutilization strategy of WPCBP in superhydrophobic coatings, which may open up a new opportunity for the high-valued utilization of WPCBP.     

改性SiO2/聚硅氧烷无氟超疏水涂层的制备及性能

为了提高基体材料的防污能力,在基体表面制备了一种无氟超疏水复合涂层。首先,使用十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(HDTMS)对二氧化硅(SiO_2)微纳米颗粒进行疏水改性,其次,将改性后的SiO_2颗粒与有机硅烷混合,利用硅烷的水解、聚合在基体材料的表面得到一层稳定的无氟超疏水复合涂层。采用FTIR、TGA、SEM、AFM和接触角测量仪对涂层的化学组成、表面微观结构和疏水性能进行表征。结果表明:复合涂层表面具有微纳米尺度的粗糙结构,并具有优异的自清洁性和耐磨损性;未磨损前接触角达151°,磨损100周次后接触角进一步提高至161°。     

超疏水聚偏氟乙烯复合微孔膜的制备及性能

提出了一种超疏水聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）复合微孔膜的制备方法。以相转化法制备的PVDF膜为基膜,通过恒压过滤将多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）沉积到PVDF基膜表面,再经聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）溶液修饰,可制得接触角达162°、滚动角约10°的PVDF复合微孔膜。用原子力显微镜和扫描电镜对膜表面进行结构分析,并测试了膜的接触角、气通量和机械强度等性能,考察了MWCNTs及PDMS浓度对膜结构和性能的影响。研究表明,CNTs在具有微米级粗糙度的基膜上强化了纳米结构,提高了膜的粗糙度,PDMS降低了膜的表面能,二者协同作用使复合膜的接触角大幅提高,滚动角显著下降。与高度疏水的PVDF基膜相比,PVDF复合膜的疏水性大幅提高,断裂伸长率加倍,在模拟海水真空膜蒸馏过程中,保持了较高的传质通量和截留率,具有更好的操作稳定性和抗污染性能。     

Fabrication of flower clusters-like superhydrophobic surface via a UV curable coating of ODA and V-PDMS

In this work, a flower clusters-like superhydrophobic surface was fabricated via an ultraviolet (UV) curable coating of octadecylamine (ODA) and vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (V-PDMS). ODA self-assembled into many flower clusters-like structures on the surface of the coating, increasing the roughness of the coating surface without additional nanoparticles. V-PDMS formed a highly crosslinked network under a UV lamp, which would be helpful for a robust superhydrophobic surface. The obtained PDMS/ODA fabric showed water contact angle of 161° and sliding angle of 5°. The durability of the superhydrophobic surface was tested by water impacting, tube brush scrubbing, knife scratching, hand twisting, finger pressing, tape adhesion, abrasion, continuous rinsing, and chemical conditions. The experimental results indicated that the superhydrophobic surface have good durability for long service life. Moreover, the PDMS/ODA fabric could selectively absorb oils from water with good separation performance. This work will provide a facile, low cost, and versatile method to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces, and enhance their efficiency of oil–water separation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48210.     

PE基聚硅氧烷/改性SiO2超疏水薄膜的构筑

使用十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷(OTMS)对纳米SiO2进行表面疏水改性,将得到的改性纳米SiO2(OTMS-SiO2)添加到有机硅树脂(SI)中,然后采用两步法在聚乙烯(PE)薄膜表面固化制备了复合涂层SI/OTMS-SiO2.通过FTIR、1HNMR、29SiNMR、TGA对OTMS-SiO2及复合涂层进行了表征,采用接触角测量仪、SEM、AFM对复合涂层疏水特性和形貌进行了测试和观察,最后对复合涂层的耐磨性和附着力进行了分析.结果表明,SiO2表面成功引入了OTMS,且OTMS-SiO2均匀附着在硅树脂涂层上,增加了表面粗糙度,得到了PE基固化超疏水复合涂层.当OTMS-SiO2添加量为正己烷质量的8％时,制得的复合涂层的水接触角为154°,滚动角为7°,并具有良好的耐磨性,其附着力可达4A等级.     

Efficient one-step fabrication of superhydrophobic nano-TiO2/TMPSi ceramic composite coating with enhanced corrosion resistance on 316L

TiO₂ Nanoparticle/Trimethoxy(propyl)silane (TMPSi) ceramic composite coating was deposited on 316L steel using a one-step electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. Silane coupling agent (TMPSi) was added to the EPD bath in different concentrations (from 0.5 to 15 vol %) to decrease the surface energy of the deposited coating. TiO₂ coating is hydrophilic whereas by adding varying concentrations of TMPSi, the obtained nanocomposite coating showed much better hydrophobicity. Surface wettability was measured by water contact angle (WCA) and sliding angle (SA) tests. Moreover, the effect of TMPSi concentration was determined by comparing the WCA and SA values. Surface morphology was studied through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and the presence of micro/nano meter roughness on the surface was confirmed. The distribution of elements were investigated by EDS analysis in which their uniform dispersion was observed. Corrosion behavior of 316L samples before and after the coating process was studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution. The polarization curve proved that the superhydrophobic ceramic nanocomposite coatings (WCA = 168° and SA = 3.1°) were able to decrease the corrosion rate of bare 316L (from 12.180 to 5.621 (μm per year)).