SPEEK/PSI半互穿网络共混膜的制备及其CO2分离研究

为了获得高性能的气体分离膜，实现烟道气中CO₂/N₂高效分离回收，以磺化聚醚醚酮（SPEEK）和聚琥珀酰亚胺（PSI）为原料，己二胺为交联剂，原位交联反应制备富含氨基的半互穿网络共混膜，在膜内构建CO₂传递通道和亲和位点，并采用红外光谱对共混膜的结构进行表征。研究水含量、PSI用量和进料气压力对膜气体分离性能的影响，在混合气条件下考察其气体分离性能和长时间运行稳定性。研究结果表明：SPEEK与PSI两相界面相容性较好，它们之间存在较强的相互作用，且呈半互穿网络微结构；PSI含量为60%（质量）时，纯气和混合气条件下CO₂渗透性分别为652和601 Barrer，对应的CO₂/N₂选择性为67.6和60.3，优于纯SPEEK膜，且超过2008年的Robeson上限；共混膜运行360 h后，CO₂渗透性和CO₂/N₂选择性仍然稳定。这主要是因为SPEEK与PSI形成富含氨基的半互穿网络微结构后，一方面提供了CO₂促进传递载体；另一方面，增强了共混膜的保水性能，形成大量CO₂传递水通道。     

碳纳米管/环糊精金属有机骨架协同强化混合基质膜的CO2分离

为了实现混合基质膜中CO₂的高效分离,设计了羧基化多壁碳纳米管(CNT)和氨基化β-环糊精金属有机骨架(β-CD MOF)双填料(CM),并将其引入磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)基质中,在膜内同时构建CO₂扩散通道和亲和位点,增强了混合基质膜的分离性能。采用FTIR和BET表征了CM的化学结构和孔结构,借助膜的SEM、FTIR和力学性能表征了填料-聚合物界面相互作用。研究了CM的合成比例、含量、压力、温度和混合气等因素对混合基质膜分离性能的影响。结果表明：CM与SPEEK之间具有良好的相容性并为气体分子提供了快速的传递通道。在改性CNT与MOF的质量比为5∶5、添加量为7%(质量)以及0.1 MPa和25℃的条件下,混合基质膜的分离性能最优,CO₂渗透性为844 Barrer,CO₂/N₂选择性为84,与纯SPEEK膜相比,分别提升了178%和163%,超过2019年上限。羧基化CNT的直孔通道缩短了CO₂的扩散路径,同时改性β-CD MOF表面的氨基载体提升了CO₂的溶解性,两者协同提高了混合基质膜的分离性能。此外,负载双填料的膜比单独负载相同含量的羧基化CNT或氨基化MOF的膜具有更好的分离性能。在360 h的测试过程中,混合基质膜保持较好的分离稳定性。     

碳纳米管/环糊精金属有机骨架协同强化混合基质膜的CO2分离

为了实现混合基质膜中CO₂的高效分离,设计了羧基化多壁碳纳米管(CNT)和氨基化β-环糊精金属有机骨架(β-CD MOF)双填料(CM),并将其引入磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)基质中,在膜内同时构建CO₂扩散通道和亲和位点,增强了混合基质膜的分离性能。采用FTIR和BET表征了CM的化学结构和孔结构,借助膜的SEM、FTIR和力学性能表征了填料-聚合物界面相互作用。研究了CM的合成比例、含量、压力、温度和混合气等因素对混合基质膜分离性能的影响。结果表明：CM与SPEEK之间具有良好的相容性并为气体分子提供了快速的传递通道。在改性CNT与MOF的质量比为5∶5、添加量为7%(质量)以及0.1 MPa和25℃的条件下,混合基质膜的分离性能最优,CO₂渗透性为844 Barrer,CO₂/N₂选择性为84,与纯SPEEK膜相比,分别提升了178%和163%,超过2019年上限。羧基化CNT的直孔通道缩短了CO₂的扩散路径,同时改性β-CD MOF表面的氨基载体提升了CO₂的溶解性,两者协同提高了混合基质膜的分离性能。此外,负载双填料的膜比单独负载相同含量的羧基化CNT或氨基化MOF的膜具有更好的分离性能。在360 h的测试过程中,混合基质膜保持较好的分离稳定性。     

一步法制备含氨基化合物的非对称CO2分离膜

采用一步相分离法,制备以聚醚砜（PES）为主体材料,二乙醇胺（DEA）为添加剂和氨基载体的膜,用于CO₂分离。考察了PES浓度、DEA浓度、膜厚度对CO₂/N₂分离性能的影响,同时考察了膜性能的长时间稳定性。当涂膜液中DEA/PES的质量比为12/26、刮刀与无纺布的距离为300 μm、进料气压力为0.11 MPa（表压）时,膜的CO₂渗透速率可达274 GPU,CO₂/N₂分离因子可达50。测试温度低于40℃时,DEA/PES膜的CO₂渗透速率和CO₂/N₂分离因子保持稳定。另外,对CO₂/N₂分离性能较好的DEA/PES膜（质量比为12/27）进行CO₂/CH₄分离性能测试,在1 MPa（表压）下性能优于商品膜。上述结果表明,本文研制的DEA/PES膜制备步骤简单,易于规模化制备,性能较优,在CO₂分离领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Cu(Qc)2强化Pebax混合基质膜分离CO2

为了提高Pebax-1657的CO₂分离性能,本文制备了对CO₂有吸附作用的金属有机骨架Cu(Qc)₂,将其加入到Pebax-1657基质中,制备混合基质膜,用于CO₂的气体分离。通过扫描电子显微镜、热重分析、红外光谱和X射线衍射对溶液浇铸法制备的膜进行表征,通过膜的气体渗透性能测试考察填料含量、操作压力和混合气对膜气体渗透性能的影响。结果表明,Cu(Qc)₂在Pebax基质中随机有效地堆叠形成了高选择性的气体传输通道,极大地提高了CO₂/N₂的选择性。随着Cu(Qc)₂填充量的增加,CO₂渗透系数和CO₂/N₂选择性均呈现先上升后下降的趋势。当Cu(Qc)₂的质量分数为3%时,呈现最佳的CO₂/N₂分离性能,CO₂ 渗透系数和CO₂/N₂选择性分别为102Barrer和84,与Pebax-1657膜相比,分别提高了45.7%和40.0%,突破了Robeson分离上限,表明该混合基质膜在CO₂的分离应用上具有潜力。     

含有MCM-41分子筛的混合基质复合膜用于CO2分离

为了提高CO₂分离膜的性能,将接枝了氨基的MCM-41分子筛(MCM-NH₂)添加到聚乙烯基胺(PVAm)水溶液中配制涂膜液,并将PVAm-MCM-NH₂涂膜液涂覆到聚砜(PSf)超滤膜上制备PVAm-MCM-NH₂/PSf混合基质复合膜。复合膜分离层较薄,有利于CO₂渗透速率的提高。接枝的胺基提高了分子筛与聚合物的相容性和膜内胺基含量,有利于膜渗透选择性能的提高。使用CO₂/N₂混合气(15% CO₂ + 85% N₂,体积分数)考察了不同MCM-NH₂添加量的PVAm-MCM-NH₂/PSf膜的渗透选择性能。当涂膜液中m_MCM-NH2/m_PVAm为0.2、湿涂层厚度为50 μm,测试温度为22℃ 、进料气压力为0.11 MPa时,膜的CO₂渗透速率可达4.66×10^-7 mol·m^-2·s^-1·Pa^-1,CO₂/N₂分离因子可达150。较高的CO₂/N₂分离性能表明PVAm-MCM-NH₂/PSf膜在烟道气碳捕集领域具有良好的应用前景。此外,考察了湿涂层厚度、热处理、添加小分子胺等条件对膜渗透选择性能的影响。     

聚乙烯胺/埃洛石纳米管混合基质膜的制备及其CO2/N2分离

制备高性能的气体分离膜,是实现CO₂高效回收的关键。为了提高CO₂分离膜的性能,将中空管状结构的埃洛石纳米管（HNTs）添加到聚乙烯胺（PVAm）中配制涂膜液,并将PVAm-HNTs涂膜液涂覆到聚砜（PSf）超滤膜上制备PVAm-HNTs/PSf混合基质膜。其中PSf超滤膜作为支撑层,PVAm-HNTs致密涂层作为功能层,功能层结构与形态对CO₂分离具有关键作用。采用XRD、SEM对HNTs的结构与形态进行表征,并借助FTIR和SEM对膜的形态与结构进行分析。在进料气为纯气条件下,系统地研究了HNTs添加量、进料压力、PVAm-HNTs涂层厚度对PVAm-HNTs/PSf膜的CO₂分离性能影响,并考察了混合基质膜的CO₂/N₂混合气分离性能。结果显示：在水溶液中显示正电性的PVAm与负电性的HNTs具有较好的界面相容性。HNTs添加量为1%（质量）、PVAm-HNTs湿涂层厚度为50 μm的混合基质膜,表现出最优的CO₂分离性能。在进料气压力为0.1 MPa、测试温度为25℃、CO₂/N₂（15/85,体积比）混合气进料的条件下,膜的CO₂渗透速率为178 GPU,CO₂/N₂选择性为83;该膜具有较好的稳定性,经过120 h运行后,渗透性和选择性仍能保持稳定。     

Ceramic Supported PDMS and PEGDA Composite Membranes for CO2 Separation

Composite membranes have attracted increasing attentions owing to their potential applications for CO2 separation. In this work, ceramic supported polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS） and poly （ethylene glycol） diacrylate （PEGDA） composite membranes were prepared. The microstructure and physicochemical properties of the compos- ite membranes were characterized. Preparation conditions were systematically optimized. The gas separation performance of the as-prepared membranes was studied by pure gas and binary gas permeation measurement of CO〉 N2 and H〉 Experiments showed that PDMS, as silicone rubber, exhibited larger permeance and lower separation factors. Conversely, PEGDA composite membrane presented smaller gas permeance but higher ideal selectivity for CO2/N2. Compared to the performance of those membranes using polymeric supports or freestanding membranes, the two kinds of ceramic supported composite membranes exhibited higher gas permeance and acceptable selectivity. Therefore, the ceramic supported composite membrane can be expected as a candidate for CO2 separation from light gases.     

Pebax/a-MoS2/MIP-202混合基质膜的制备及CO2分离性能

为了获得高性能的CO₂/N₂分离膜,把空气中氧刻蚀的二硫化钼（a-MoS₂）和金属有机框架材料MIP-202通过机械力化学反应制备的双功能填料作为分散相,聚醚嵌段酰胺（Pebax-1657）作为连续相,采用溶液浇铸法制备了Pebax/a-MoS₂/MIP-202混合基质膜。采用FT-IR表征了填料的化学结构,借助ATR-FTIR、SEM、TG和力学性能测试表征了混合基质膜的化学结构、微观形貌结构、热稳定性和物理力学性能。研究了水含量、双功能填料配比、含量、膜两侧压差和操作温度对膜气体分离性能的影响,并考察了模拟烟道气（CO₂/N₂体积比15/85）条件下混合基质膜的长时间运行稳定性。结果表明：在温度为25℃、膜两侧压差为0.1 MPa的操作条件下,a-MoS₂与MIP-202质量比为5∶5和双功能填料含量为6%（质量）时,膜的气体分离性能达到最优,CO₂渗透性和CO₂/N₂选择性分别为380 Barrer和124.7,超过了2019年McKeown等提出的上限值。连续测试360 h后,混合基质膜的性能没有明显降低,其平均CO₂渗透性和CO₂/N₂选择性分别为358 Barrer和120.1。这主要是由于a-MoS₂和MIP-202协同提高了膜的气体分离性能。     

GO-TSC/聚酰亚胺混合基质膜的制备及气体分离性能研究

使用氨基硫脲（TSC）对氧化石墨烯（GO）进行改性,制备GO-TSC层状复合材料。随后,将该复合材料加入到Matrimid^®5218（PI）基质中,制备用于二氧化碳分离的混合基质膜（MMMs）。通过TGA、SEM及气体分离性能测试考察了GO-TSC对膜热稳定性、结构和气体分离性能等的影响。SEM结果显示GO-TSC可均匀分散在聚合物基质上并与基质紧密结合;TGA结果显示混合基质膜在250 ℃以上仍保持稳定。与纯PI膜相比,MMMs显著增强了二氧化碳的渗透性。GO-TSC中所含的氨基与二氧化碳具有良好的亲和力,增加的碱性位点可以有效地转运二氧化碳。GO-TSC的层状结构增加了气体的传输路径,不利于大动态直径气体（甲烷、氮气）的通过,从而提高了分离性能。GO-TSC负载量为0.75%（质量分数）时混合基质膜的分离性能最佳。相比较纯PI膜,混合基质膜的二氧化碳渗透系数和二氧化碳/甲烷、二氧化碳/氮气分离系数分别提高了42.16%、95.79%和83.72%。     

Pebax/a-MoS2/MIP-202混合基质膜的制备及CO2分离性能

为了获得高性能的CO₂/N₂分离膜,把空气中氧刻蚀的二硫化钼（a-MoS₂）和金属有机框架材料MIP-202通过机械力化学反应制备的双功能填料作为分散相,聚醚嵌段酰胺（Pebax-1657）作为连续相,采用溶液浇铸法制备了Pebax/a-MoS₂/MIP-202混合基质膜。采用FT-IR表征了填料的化学结构,借助ATR-FTIR、SEM、TG和力学性能测试表征了混合基质膜的化学结构、微观形貌结构、热稳定性和物理力学性能。研究了水含量、双功能填料配比、含量、膜两侧压差和操作温度对膜气体分离性能的影响,并考察了模拟烟道气（CO₂/N₂体积比15/85）条件下混合基质膜的长时间运行稳定性。结果表明：在温度为25℃、膜两侧压差为0.1 MPa的操作条件下,a-MoS₂与MIP-202质量比为5∶5和双功能填料含量为6%（质量）时,膜的气体分离性能达到最优,CO₂渗透性和CO₂/N₂选择性分别为380 Barrer和124.7,超过了2019年McKeown等提出的上限值。连续测试360 h后,混合基质膜的性能没有明显降低,其平均CO₂渗透性和CO₂/N₂选择性分别为358 Barrer和120.1。这主要是由于a-MoS₂和MIP-202协同提高了膜的气体分离性能。     

自发式气调共混膜的制备及性能分析

以磺化聚醚醚酮（SPEEK）和聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）为原材料,制备自呼吸式气调共混膜,并对其气调特性及保藏效果进行分析。利用SEM、DSC等手段研究SPEEK与PVDF之间的相容性,杂合制备共混膜,通过一系列测试手段分析共混膜的孔径分布、透气性等,并应用于花椰菜的气调保藏。结果表明：通过改变SPEEK与PVDF的混合比例,可以制备出不同透气性的气调膜。不同比例的共混膜对纯CO₂的渗透系数范围为1.05×10^-10~1.495×10^-9cm³·cm/（cm²·s·cmHg）,对纯O₂的渗透系数范围为0.19×10^-10~2.97×10^-10cm³·cm/（cm²·s·cmHg）。将所制备的共混膜应用于花椰菜的气调保藏时,气调包装内CO₂浓度在3.7~9.1h后达到平衡状态,终浓度保持在体积分数4.4%~7.8%;O₂的浓度在5.5~9.6h后到达平衡状态,终浓度保持在体积分数4.2%~9.2%,该气体组分适宜花椰菜的长期气调保鲜。根据膜的调节范围和保藏实验可推测,该共混膜可应用于多种新鲜果蔬产品的自发性气调保藏。     

Covalent organic frameworks-incorporated thin film composite membranes prepared by interfacial polymerization for efficient CO2 separation

Thin film composite (TFC) membranes with nanofillers additives for CO₂ separation show promising applications in energy and environment-related fields. However, the poor compatibility between nanofillers and polymers in TFC membranes is the main problem. In this work, covalent organic frameworks (COFs, TpPa-1) with rich —NH— groups were incorporated into polyamide (PA) segment via in situ interfacial polymerization to prepare defect-free TFC membranes for CO₂/N₂ separation. The formed covalent bonds between TpPa-1 and PA strengthen the interaction between nanofillers and polymers, thereby enhancing compatibility. Besides, the incorporated COFs disturb the rigid structure of the PA layer, and provide fast CO₂ transfer channels. The incorporated COFs also increase the content of effective carriers, which enhances the CO₂ facilitated transport. Consequently, in CO₂/N₂ mixed gas separation test, the optimal TFC (TpPa_0.025-PIP-TMC/mPSf) membrane exhibits high CO₂ permeance of 854 GPU and high CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 148 at 0.15 MPa, CO₂ permeance of 456 GPU (gas permeation unit) and CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 92 at 0.5 MPa. In addition, the TpPa_0.025-PIP-TMC/mPSf membrane also achieves high permselectivty in CO₂/CH₄ mixed gas separation test. Finally, the optimal TFC membrane showes good stability in the simulated flue gas test, revealing the application potential for CO₂ capture from flue gas.     

N2优先渗透ZIF-8复合膜的制备及其CO2捕集

为了获得经济节能的烟道气CO₂回收方法,制备了一种新型的N₂优先渗透ZIF-8复合膜。以柔性聚砜(PSf)多孔膜为支撑层,采用Zn²⁺与壳聚糖的交联溶液对聚砜支撑层表面改性,使Zn²⁺固定在PSf膜表面;然后与2-甲基咪唑(Hmim)配位得到ZIF-8晶种层;最后通过界面聚合法二次生长制得ZIF-8复合膜。采用FTIR、XRD及SEM对ZIF-8复合膜的形貌结构进行表征,结果显示成功制备了致密的ZIF-8复合膜。在进料气为纯气条件下,探究了二次生长时间、Zn²⁺溶液的浓度、测试时间及测试压力对ZIF-8复合膜N₂/CO₂分离性能的影响,阐明其N₂优先渗透机理;并进一步考察了混合气分离性能。结果表明：在25℃和0.1 MPa下,最优ZIF-8复合膜的N₂渗透性为523 GPU,N₂/CO₂选择性为19;同条件下混合气的N₂渗透性和N₂/CO₂选择性分别为517 GPU和18。所制备的ZIF-8复合膜可以使N₂优先渗透,实现烟道气中高浓度N₂渗透,低浓度CO₂截留在膜的上游侧。原因主要是ZIF-8复合膜含有较多的CO₂强吸附位点,使CO₂被吸附在膜内不易从膜的下游侧脱附,渗透性小,而N₂优先渗透,这为N₂优先渗透膜的制备提供了一种新思路。     

High-performance SSZ-13 membranes prepared using ball-milled nanosized seeds for carbon dioxide and nitrogen separations from methane

SSZ-13 membranes with high separation performances were prepared using ball-milled nanosized seeds by once hydrothermal synthesis. Separation performances of SSZ-13 membranes in CO_2/CH_4 and N_2/CH_4 mixtures were enhanced after synthesis modification. Single-gas permeances of CO_2, N_2 and CH_4 and ideal selectivities were recorded through SSZ-13 membranes. The effects of temperature, pressure, feed flow rate and humidity on separation performance of the membranes were discussed. Three membranes prepared after synthesis modifications had an average CO_2 permeance of 1.16 × 10~(-6) mol·(m~2· s·Pa)~(-1)(equal to 3554 GPU) with an average CO_2/CH_4 selectivity of 213 in a 50 vol%/50 vol% CO_2/CH_4 mixture. It suggests that membrane synthesis has a good reproducible. The membrane also displayed a N_2 permeance of 1.07 × 10~(-7) mol·(m~2·s·Pa)~(-1)(equal to 320 GPU) with a N_2/CH_4 selectivity of 13 for a 50 vol%/50 vol% N_2/CH_4 mixture. SSZ-13 membrane displayed stable and good separation performance in the wet CO_2/CH_4 mixture for a long test period over 100 h at 348 K. The current SSZ-13 membranes show great potentials for the simultaneous removals of CO_2 and N_2 in natural gas purification as a facile process suitable for industrial application.     

机械化学法合成小尺寸MOF填料助力高性能CO2分离

利用金属-有机骨架UTSA-280具有特定刚性尺寸的一维孔道可以筛分CO₂、CH₄、N₂的特性,采用机械化学研磨法减小其颗粒尺寸,将UTSA-280掺入聚砜（PSf）中制备MOF基混合基质膜,用于天然气提纯和烟道气CO₂捕获。结果表明,在PSf中掺入UTSA-280不仅可以增加聚合物的CO₂渗透通量而且提高了气体分离选择性。当UTSA-280掺杂量为30%（质量）时,混合基质膜对CO₂/CH₄、CO₂/N₂的分离因子分别为56.39和53.17,CO₂的渗透通量为18.61 Barrer,相对于PSf纯膜,选择性分别提高了47.3%和63.5%,CO₂渗透通量提高了128.9%,打破了“trade-off”效应。该工作通过引进具有分子筛分效应的MOF填料,能够增加气体通量的同时提高混合基质膜对含CO₂气体的分离性能,对天然气的提纯以及烟道气的CO₂的捕获有重要意义。     

功能化Zr-MOF强化混合基质膜CO2分离

混合基质膜（MMMs）在气体分离领域具有良好的应用前景,金属有机框架（MOFs）由于具有高孔隙率和有机连接基团,常被用作填料制备MMMs。但由于MOFs与聚合物的界面相容性问题,MMMs的气体分离性能提升受到限制。本文合成了功能化的Zr-MOF（UiO-66-AC）,并利用其与聚醚共聚酰胺（Pebax）共同制备了混合基质膜。填料中引入的羰基和羧基等基团提供了MOFs与聚合物基质之间较强的界面相互作用。与纯Pebax膜相比,UiO-66-AC/Pebax MMMs的气体渗透性能得到了显著提高。当填料质量分数为6%时,膜的CO₂渗透系数为102.4 Barrer,CO₂/N₂和CO₂/CH₄选择性分别为90.6和26.0,CO₂/N₂分离性能突破了Robeson上限(2008),表明该混合基质膜在CO₂的分离应用上具有潜力。     

Synthesis and optimization of high-performance amine-based polymer for CO2 separation

Membrane technology features inspiring excellence from numerous separation technologies for CO₂ capture from post-combustion gas. Polyvinylamine (PVAm)-based facilitated transport membranes show significantly high separation performance, which has been proven promising for industrial scale-up. However, commercialized PVAm with low molecular weight and excessive crystallinity is not available to prepare high-performance membranes. Herein, the synthesis process of PVAm was optimized by regulating polymerization and acidic hydrolytic conditions. The membranes based on PVAm with a molecular weight of 154 kDa and crystallinity of 11.37% display high CO₂ permeance of 726 GPU and CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 55 at a feed gas pressure of 0.50 MPa. Furthermore, we established a PVAm synthesis reactor with an annual PVAm solution (1%(mass)) capacity of over 7000 kg and realized the scaled-up manufacture of both PVAm and composite membranes.     

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)‐induced porous poly(ether sulfone) blend membranes for the separation of proteins and metal ions

Asymmetric ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared by the blending of poly(ether sulfone) (PES) and sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) polymers with N,N′‐dimethylformamide solvent by the phase‐inversion method. SPEEK was selected as the hydrophilic polymer in a blend with different composition of PES and SPEEK. The solution‐cast PES/SPEEK blend membranes were homogeneous for all of the studied compositions from 100/0 to 60/40 wt % in a total of 17.5 wt % polymer and 82.5 wt % solvent. The presence of SPEEK beyond 40 wt % in the casting solution did not form membranes. The prepared membranes were characterized for their UF performances, such as pure water flux, water content, porosity, and membrane hydraulic resistance, and morphology and melting temperature. We estimated that the pure water flux of the PES/SPEEK blend membranes increased from 17.3 to 85.6 L m^?2 h^?1 when the concentration of SPEEK increased from 0 to 40 wt % in the casting solution. The membranes were also characterized their separation performance with proteins and metal‐ion solutions. The results indicate significant improvement in the performance characteristics of the blend membranes with the addition of SPEEK. In particular, the rejection of proteins and metal ions was marginally decreased, whereas the permeate flux was radically improved. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

二次生长法制备ZIF-8膜及其对CO2/N2的分离性能

采用二次生长法在α-Al₂O₃载体上制备超薄型ZIF-8膜,研究了多种轻分子气体以及混合气体CO₂/N₂的渗透分离性能。通过SEM和XRD表征了ZIF-8晶种层的晶种涂布状态,以及ZIF-8晶体膜的生长覆盖度和晶膜厚度。研究结果表明：采用低浓度的晶种悬浮液通过浸润式连续多次涂布法,有利于获得晶种层厚度均匀且覆盖度高的超薄均匀ZIF-8晶种层,经过二次生长后所得ZIF-8膜的覆盖度高、厚度均匀且较薄,仅约为8.8 μm;在所测试范围内的CO₂/N₂混合气体中,此ZIF-8膜对CO₂具有优先选择透过性,其对CO₂/N₂的渗透分离因子随温度的升高而降低,随渗透压力的增加而增加,在298 K、406 kPa和CO₂组分含量为50%时,该分离因子能达到6,显著超过Knudsen扩散的分离系数。