造纸用功能性非金属矿物粉体材料品种及应用

介绍了造纸用功能性非金属矿物粉体材料的品种、性能、应用和发展趋势,指出随着造纸技术的发展,各种功能性非金属矿物粉体材料在造纸制品中将大量应用,促进非金属矿物粉体材料加工和应用技术的进一步提高,并将带动造纸工业技术不断进步和发展.     

有机硅消泡剂与造纸废水综述

造纸废水泡沫问题由来已久,泡沫不仅会影响到污水处理设施的运行,还会对环境造成污染。本文阐述了有机硅消泡剂的消泡原理以及用作消泡剂主体材料的二甲基硅油的特性。综合介绍了有机硅消泡剂的种类、组成以及性能特点,简述了有机消泡剂的发展趋势。     

有机硅消泡剂与造纸废水综述

造纸废水泡沫问题由来已久，泡沫不仅会影响到污水处理设施的运行，还会对环境造成污染。本文阐述了有机硅消泡剂的消泡原理以及用作消泡剂主体材料的二甲基硅油的特性。综合介绍了有机硅消泡剂的种类、组成以及性能特点，简述了有机消泡剂的发展趋势。     

埃肯推出制浆用有机硅消泡剂新品

正制浆是从植物中分离纤维原料以获得纸浆的过程。在制浆的过程中,会产生大量泡沫,影响生产效率和浆板的质量。埃肯近日推出了一款有机硅消泡剂Silcolapse~(TM) C573。该产品采用创新的     

造纸用新型水性消泡剂

各种制浆和造纸工艺都会产生相当数量的泡沫,泡沫的生成影响工厂的产量、生产成本和产品质量,必须严加控制。目前,泡沫控制化学品在提高消泡效率,改进加工性能和降低生产成本方面取得了较大进展,这些进展主要表现在水性消泡剂方面,即用水代替传统油性载体。     

21世纪中国造纸化学品工业发展展望

造纸化学品是精细化工领域中的重要门类,也是造纸工业发展的重要基础。21世纪,造纸行业面临的三大主要课题是资源、环境、能源。我国造纸化学品行业同国外相比还有较大差距,拥有广阔的发展空间。国内生产企业应结合国情和行业现状,向集约化、专业化发展,引进国外先进技术,开发新型造纸用精细化学品。     

聚丙二醇消泡剂对天然橡胶性能的影响研究

在天然橡胶（NR）造粒过程中因残留的酸和碱等相互作用会产生大量泡沫。采用聚丙二醇（PPG）水溶液作为消泡剂,研究其消泡效果及对NR性能的影响,并采用红外光谱分析PPG的残留情况。结果表明：使用PPG消泡可有效解决NR传统生产造粒工段产生大量泡沫的问题,且PPG不会残留在NR产品中;PPG消泡对NR生胶的理化性能、混炼胶的硫化特性、硫化胶的物理性能基本没有影响;NR制胶厂的现场管理水平得到有效提升,工作环境明显改善,在有效控制成本的同时还可提高产品质量,建议PPG消泡剂在NR行业推广使用。     

表面活性剂与造纸工业清洁生产

根据制浆造纸不同工艺特点,介绍了制浆造纸过程中所用的表面活性剂,并探讨了表面活性剂在制浆造纸中的作用效果和机理,提出了制浆造纸用表面活性剂的发展趋势。木质素是一种含量丰富的天然大分子材料,但由于其结构复杂,导致应用受到很大的限制。该文综述了木质素在其化学改性如胺化、环氧化、酚化、羟基化等方面的最新研究进展,介绍了改性木质素的应用现状。重点对木质素作为阴、阳离子型絮凝剂的不同改性方法及应用效果进行了探讨。木质素来源丰富,具有优良的理化特性和广阔的应用前景,加强研究与应用开发,兼具有效利用资源和治理制桨黑液的双重意义。指出了清洁生产和零排放是最为理想的废水处理工艺和未来的研究重点。引用文献18篇。     

造纸用消泡剂概况

<正> 在造纸行业中,造纸过程的各个工段如制浆、抄造、涂布及废水处理等,普遍存在泡沫问题。纸浆中含有树脂酸、碱皂、脂防酸皂、硫酸盐等化学品及分散的固体颗粒,如胶料、填料、短纤维、树脂、木质素等,在泵送过程或白水回收时,纸浆中卷入空气,形成泡沫。这些泡沫对生产成本、纸品的质量均有不良影响。造纸过程中产生的泡沫可分为三种类型:1、表面泡沫,即液体表面可见的泡沫。通常浮在洗涤槽、网下白水坑及造纸机网上。2、静止泡沫,指浮在稳定物表面上的     

造纸化学品

造纸化学品１概况造纸化学品是指除填料、颜料、烧碱、液氯、石灰、硫酸铝等大宗通用的造纸用化学品以外的各类专用化学品，按其用途大致可分为：制浆用化学品、抄纸添加剂、涂布助剂三大类。造纸用精细化学品的品种繁多，专业化要求高，不仅涉及到产品合成工艺方面，而且...     

纸浆造纸废水的综合治理

对纸浆造纸废水的综合治理措施进行了介绍.通过综合治理,造纸白水实现循环利用;纸浆造纸废水处理后出水水质达到<造纸工业水污染物排放标准>(GB 3544-2001)及国家环境保护局环发[2003]152号关于修订<造纸工业水污染物排放标准>的公告要求.该综合治理实践,为其他同类废水的处理,提供了有益的借鉴.     

Effect of Alkaline Hemicellulose Extraction on Kraft Pulp Fibers from Eucalyptus Grandis

Abstract

The alkaline extraction of hemicelluloses from hardwoods prior to pulping, for further conversion to value-added products, seems to be a promising pathway for paper mills to increase profit and improve sustainability. However, the amount of hemicellulose extracted will be limited by the requirement to maintain pulp quality and pulp yield in comparison to existing pulping processes. The effects of NaOH concentration, temperature, and time on hemicellulose extraction of Eucalyptus grandis were studied using a statistical experimental design. Extracted wood chips were subjected to kraft pulping to evaluate the effect of the extraction on cooking chemicals, pulp quality, and handsheet paper strengths. The selective xylan recovery (12.4% dry mass) from E. grandis combined with low-cooking, active alkali charge, and less cooking time advantaged the xylan extraction and subsequent modified kraft pulping process under the studied conditions. Pulp viscosity, breaking strength, and tensile index of handsheets were slightly improved.     

Wastewater Minimization in Pulp and Paper Industries through Energy‐Efficient Reverse‐Osmosis Membrane Processes

Fresh water consumption and wastewater management is a mandatory task to conserve water resources and to reduce wastewater discharge from chemical production processes. Such objectives have been addressed in many industrial sectors which consume large amounts of fresh water. Possibilities for reducing wastewater volumes by regeneration and recycling routes in the pulp and paper industry are analyzed. During pulp preparation and paper making processes by the Kraft pulping method a large amount of water is required to deliver the finished paper product. Reverse osmosis (RO) is applied for the analyses as an interception separation technology to reduce salt concentrations in wastewater streams for recycling purposes. The RO network synthesis problem is formulated as mixed integer nonlinear programming model which is solved using the general algebraic modeling system. A preliminary cost estimate indicates economic incentives by installation of RO units to avoid wastewater discharge and generate relatively clean water streams for inter‐plant usage.     

Simulation of Hesperaloe funifera diethanolamine pulping by polynomial and neural fuzzy models

Some alternative, unconventional plant raw materials can provide large amounts of biomass for producing quality cellulose pulp. One such raw material can be Hesperaloe funifera plants, that grows with little water requirements, and which fibre morphology is especially suitable for making cellulose pulp.It uses a factorial design of experiments applied to pulping with diethanolamine and apply polynomial and neural fuzzy models in order to predict the properties of pulp (contents of holocellulose, α-cellulose and lignin, yield, viscosity, Kappa number and beating grade) and paper sheets (tensile index, stretch, burst index, tear index and brightness) according to the operating variables: temperature (155-185 °C), time (30-90 min) and diethanolamine concentration (50-80%).The polynomial and neural fuzzy models tested reproduce the experimental results with errors less than 8-10% for all dependent variables, with the exception of tear index which only reproduces 50% of results with errors less than 10%.     

Optimization and design of alkaline pulping of rapeseed (Brassica napus) stalks

Rapeseed (Brassica napus) stalks are agricultural wastes generated in important quantities as a result of rapeseed cultivation valued for edible vegetable oil or biodiesel production. This study examines the potential of using rapeseed stalks as raw material in pulp production. The obtained results pointed out to the suitability of these agricultural wastes for pulping to papermaking pulp. Chemical alkaline pulping methods such as kraft and sulphur-free soda-anthraquinone and their optimization were taken into consideration for the laboratory trials. Response surface modeling was employed for the study of process parameters impact on obtained pulps. As a result, optimal process conditions may be selected depending on the desired pulp characteristics.     

直链烷基苯在造纸工业中的应用

本文介绍了直链烷基苯及其磺酸盐作为阴离子表面活性剂在造纸工业蒸煮制浆和废纸脱墨等过程中的应用。     

草浆造纸清洁制浆工艺研究

利用碱性物质与H2O2在适当加热条件下能够发生剧烈反应并释放热能的原理,研究了NaOH和KOH两种制浆工艺对黑液性质和纸浆性能的影响。通过考察碱用量、H2O2用量、投料间隔时间及蒸煮时间对黑液的COD、色度及纸浆的高锰酸钾值、白度和得浆率等的影响,确定了草浆造纸清洁制浆最佳工艺条件。结果表明,NaOH制浆的最佳工艺条件为：NaOH用量11%（所述药品为100%含量,用量指占稻草原料质量的比例,下同）、H2O2用量18%、投料间隔1 h、蒸煮时间2.5 h;KOH制浆的最佳工艺条件为：KOH用量10%、H2O2用量18%、投料间隔30 min、蒸煮时间2 h。对比两种工艺所得纸浆及其产生黑液的性质,表明KOH清洁制浆效果明显优于NaOH。     

表面活性剂在制浆造纸过程中的应用

表面活性剂由于结构和组成不同 ,分别可具有润湿、渗透、乳化、分散、破乳、发泡、消泡、洗涤去污和抗静电等功能 ,已广泛应用于制浆造纸工业中。这里就表面活性剂在制浆、造纸、涂布加工及其它工业中的应用进行了叙述。     

制浆造纸废水的生化性能研究

对麦草半化学浆黑液、废纸脱墨废水及纸板厂综合废水的可生化性进行了研究。研究结果表明,3种废水的pH值经微生物自然酸化后满足厌氧反应器正常运行要求;3种废水均缺少磷元素,废水处理时按CODBD与氮和磷的质量比为300~500∶5∶1的比例添加磷盐;3种废水均可进行厌氧生物处理,其可降解性分别为70%,75%,72%,其中麦草半化学浆黑液厌氧处理时须进行稀释或采用适当的脱毒措施。     

Overview of the pulp and paper industry from a chemical industry perspective

The major processes of the pulp and paper industry are overviewed with particular emphasis given to existing chemical requirements; processing trends are identified which may affect future chemical requirements. The pulp and paper industry represents a vast market for chemicals. On the papermaking side, overall chemical usage will probably increase due to ever greater product sophistication and emphasis on value-added grades. On the pulping side, the pressing needs for fibre conservation and more effective utilization of fibre sources can only be achieved through continuing exploitation of chemical developments.