纤维素纳米纤维膜的改性及其染料吸附性能

采用静电纺丝技术制备醋酸纤维素纳米纤维膜,用氢氧化锂水解后得到纤维素纳米纤维膜。通过3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CHPTAC)和一氯乙酸共同改性,制备了双性纤维素纳米纤维膜。利用紫外-可见分光光度计测试双性纤维素纳米纤维膜对茜素绿(AG25)和亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附性能,并考察了溶液初始pH、温度、染料初始质量浓度对吸附量的影响。结果表明,双性纤维素纳米纤维膜对AG25和MB染料的最大吸附量分别达到240和128 mg/g,并且对两种染料在第4次循环使用时仍保持84.44%以上的吸附效率。同时,发现pH是影响双性纤维素纳米纤维膜对染料吸附性能的关键因素,在吸附没有达到饱和之前,染料吸附量随着染料质量浓度的增加而增加,而吸附效果对温度没有依赖性。     

Conducting IPN Based on Polyaniline and Crosslinked Cellulose

Polyaniline/crosslinked cellulose conductive interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline within the self-synthesized cellulose network using ammonium persulphate as oxidant. The conductivity of the IPN increases and then decreases with decrease in the aniline/(NH₄)₂S₂O₈ ratio, with increase in the HCl/aniline ratio, with increase in aniline content, as well as with increase in reaction time. In addition, the conductivity of the films strongly depends on the amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate crosslinker. In comparison with polyaniline/cellulose acetate composites, the conductivity increases by an order of one to two magnitudes in spite of the lower polyaniline content in this work. © of SCI.     

Removal of Acidic and Basic Dyes from Water using Crosslinked Polystyrene Based Quaternary Ethyl Piperazine Resin

In this study, a beaded polymer with quaternary amine functions was prepared in two steps, starting from poly (vinyl benzyl chloride-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (PVBC) based beads, according to the synthetic protocol; modification of ethyl piperazine with PVBC (EP-PS), and quaternization of ethylpiperazine modified beads with chloroacetic acid (QEP-PS). The QEP-PS resin was used for the removal of reactive red 120 as an acidic dye and malachite green chloride as a basic dye. Dye extraction experiments were carried out simply by contacting wetted sorbent samples with aqueous dye solutions at room temperature. Capacities were determined by colorimetric analysis of the residual dye contents. The resin showed that reasonable high dye sorption capacity (0.34-0.41 g per gram of dry resin) was achieved. The adsorption conditions (initial dye concentration and pH) were varied to evaluate the mechanism of adsorption of both basic dyes and acidic dyes on the prepared resin. This material is also able to remove both the anionic dye and cationic dyes completely even from highly diluted aqueous dye solutions.     

Preparation of Sulfonamide Containing Cellulose Based Sorbent for Removal of Mercury Ions

A new sulfonamide containing cellulose based sorbent was prepared in three steps; poly (acrylonitrile) (PAN) grafting onto cellulose by redox polymerization method, amination of PAN grafted cellulose with ethylenediamine, and sulfamidation with benzene sulfonyl chloride. The resulting polymeric sorbent, which had a sulfonamide content of 3.4 mmol/g, was effective for the removal of mercury ions from aqueous solutions. The mercury sorption capacity of the sorbent is around 1.95 mmol/g under non-buffered conditions. The experiments performed under identical conditions with some metal ions reveal that Cd(II), Mg (II), Zn(II), and Fe(III) ions are also extractable in low quantity (0.02–0.46 mmol/g). The sorbed mercury can be eluted by repeated treatment with hot acetic acid.     

环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖树脂的制备研究

采用环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖制备了一种新型的吸附树脂材料,探讨了反应物配比,反应温度,反应时间,搅拌速率以及体系pH值等因素对交联率的影响,并通过红外光谱进行了树脂的表征。研究结果表明,环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖的反应主要发生在壳聚糖分子的氨基和羟基上;当体系反应温度为50℃,反应时间为9 h,搅拌速率为400 r／min, pH值为12,壳聚糖与环氧氯丙烷的质量比为1：6时,可制得耐酸性强、并且交联度高的壳聚糖基树脂吸附材料。     

纤维素纤维用活性染料技术进展(续)

纤维素纤维用活性染料是当今最重要的活性染料。本文从提高固着率的技术、提高染着率的技术、提高色牢度的技术、提高匀染性和重现性的技术、开发低盐染色用染料和提高黑色活性染料的乌黑度技术等六个方面阐述了纤维素纤维用活性染料的技术进展。文中也阐述了纤维素纤维的活性染色技术的进展。它们为更快地发展纤维素纤维用活性染料指明了方向。     

纤维素纤维用活性染料技术进展

纤维素纤维用活性染料是当今最重要的活性染料。本文从提高固着率的技术、提高染着率的技术、提高色牢度的技术、提高匀染性和重现性的技术、开发低盐染色用染料和提高黑色活性染料的乌黑度技术等六个方面阐述了纤维素纤维用活性染料的技术进展。文中也阐述了纤维素纤维的活性染色技术的进展。它们为更快地发展纤维素纤维用活性染料指明了方向。     

交联壳聚糖树脂对阴离子染料吸附性能的研究

以甲醛-环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,采用反向悬浮法制备了交联壳聚糖树脂(CCTSR).研究了染料溶液初始浓度、时间、pH值和温度等因素对壳聚糖树脂吸附C.I.活性19、C.L活性蓝21、酸性橙II的影响,并探讨了交联壳聚糖树脂对3种阴离子染料的吸附规律.实验结果表明:适宜的酸性条件及较高的染液初始浓度有利于提高CCTSR对三种染料离子的吸附性能;而温度对染料吸附呈现不同的影响趋势.交联壳聚糖树脂对这3种染料的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式和Freundlich吸附等温式,吸附动力学模型可以用准二级速率方程来描述.     

pH-triggered Release of Boron and Thiamethoxam from Boric Acid Crosslinked Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel Based Formulations

Boric acid crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels were synthesized to develop pH-triggered release formulations (pH-TRFs) of boron and thiamethoxam. The developed hydrogels showed pH sensitive water absorption capacity (16.75 to 110.80 g/g xerogel). Entrapment of thiamethoxam was done through an ex-situ loading technique. The boron and thiamethoxam release was studied in pH buffer solutions (4.0, 7.0 and 9.2). Release kinetics analysis using mathematical models showed fast release in high pH solution as compared to acidic pH. These pH-TRFs may find usefulness in selective release of nutrients and pesticides in plant rhizospheric zone of problem soils viz. acidic soils and alkaline soils.     

木质纤维素微纤丝改性UF树脂的性能研究

将木质纤维素微纤丝（MFC）加入UF树脂,考察其热性能与力学性能的变化。DSC研究结果显示随着MFC含量的增加,UF树脂固化温度逐渐下降;热重分析显示添加MFC可改善UF树脂的热稳定性;DMA实验结果表明添加MFC的UF胶合板储能模量和玻璃化转变温度有所上升;胶合强度测试表明添加MFC的UF胶合板的胶合强度提高了29%。与未改性的UF树脂相比,木质纤维素微纤丝（MFC）的加入降低了固化温度,提高了热稳定性,改善了力学性能。     

Preparation of Dicarboxylic Acid Containing Sulfonamide Based Resin and Removal of Basic Dyes

Polymer and dye interaction leading to polymer-dye complex formation exhibits many interesting and important practical features. For this purpose, dicarboxylic acid containing resin was prepared in two steps starting from poly (styrene-divinyl benzene) (PS-DVB) (10% crosslinking) based beads with a particle size of 400-590 µm, according to the synthetic protocol; chlorosulfonation, sulfamidation with iminodiacetic acid. Dye extraction experiments were carried out by contacting wetted resin samples with aqueous dye solutions at room temperature. Capacities were determined by colorimetric analysis of the residual dye content. Dye sorption capacity of the resin was found to be (0.67-0.63 g g^?1 resin). This material is also able to remove the cationic dyes completely even from highly diluted aqueous dye solutions.     

羟乙基纤维素水凝胶的制备及吸附性能

以羟乙基纤维素(HEC)(作为水凝胶的骨架增强水凝胶的强度)和丙烯酸(AA)为原料,过氧化氢/维生素C混合溶液作为氧化还原引发剂,通过自由基聚合的方法制备HEC-AA水凝胶.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱对HEC-AA水凝胶的结构进行了表征,分析表明水凝胶内部存在氢键.通过扫描电子显微镜对HEC-AA水凝胶的微观结构进行研究,...     

Study on Synthesis of Chitosan Coated Cellulose to the Adsorption Properties for Au~（3＋）

合成了壳聚糖包覆纤维素（CHCC）吸附剂,其结构经FTIR、元素分析进行表征。研究了对Au3＋的吸附包括pH的影响、吸附动力学、吸附选择性和吸附热力学。结果表明：吸附容量受pH影响较大;液膜扩散是吸附的主控制步骤,pH=3时优先选择吸附Au3＋;吸附热力学符合Freundlich模型。-NH2、-OH参与对Au3＋的吸附,树脂中的-CHO可能被Au3＋氧化。     

壳聚糖/纤维素复合微球对Cu2+的吸附

制备壳聚糖/纤维素(CS/CE)和交联壳聚糖/纤维素(ECS/CE)复合微球,用于吸附重金属离子,考察了微球对Cu2+的吸附性能。溶解性测试表明交联反应可提高微球在酸性介质中的化学稳定性。静态吸附表明,CS/CE和ECS/CE均能有效吸附Cu2+,pH 6附近吸附容量最大。吸附等温线与Langmuir和Freundlich模型均吻合,由Lang-muir模型得到的Cu2+饱和吸附容量分别为38.76 mg/g(CS/CE)和34.13 mg/g(ECS/CE)。CS/CE和ECS/CE对Cu2+的吸附初期为内扩散控制,但后期为配合反应控制。FTIR和X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析表明,壳聚糖中的N为Cu2+的主要吸附位,发生表面配合吸附。     

细菌纤维素负载白腐真菌处理染料废水

实验中分别采用三种方法固定化白腐真菌处理染料废水.结果表明:细菌纤维素静态吸附法固定化的白腐真菌对甲基橙、刚果红、次甲基蓝和孔雀石绿废水的处理效果最好,对单一染料废水的去除率均达到98％以上,对混合染料废水的色度去除率也达92％以上,且固定化菌反复处理六批染料废水,处理效果未见明显下降.细菌纤维素作为固定化载体还具有生物可降解、固定化操作简单等特点,适合于工业化生产.     

Dyeing with Hydrotalcite Hybrid Nanoclays and Disperse,Basic and Direct Dyes

Textile effluents are among the most polluting industrial effluents in the world. Textile finishing processes, especially dyeing, discharge large quantities of waste that is difficult to treat, such as dyes. By recovering this material from the water, in addition to cleaning and the possibility of reusing the water, there is the opportunity to reuse this waste as a raw material for dyeing different textile substrates. One of the lines of reuse is the use of hybrid nanoclays obtained from the adsorption of dyes, which allow dye baths to be made for textile substrates. This study analyses how, through the use of the nanoadsorbent hydrotalcite, dyes classified by their charge as anionic, cationic and non-ionic can be adsorbed and recovered for successful reuse in new dye baths. The obtained hybrids were characterised by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the colour was analysed by spectrophotometer in the UV-VIS range. The dyes made on cotton, polyester and acrylic fabrics are subjected to different colour degradation tests to assess their viability as final products, using reflection spectroscopy to measure the colour attribute before and after the tests, showing results consistent with those of a conventional dye.     

BS-RR型活性染料用于纤维素纤维染色和性能研究

通过探究环保型活性染料三原色BS-RR型各染料的上色性能、固色性能,得到并计算出染色特性参数值:直接性S、吸尽率E、固色率F及反应速率R;通过探究工艺参数:电解质用量、碱剂用量、温度、时间、浴比对染料上色及固色性能的影响,发现活性染料三原色BS-RR型具有宽泛的工艺宽容性,非常高的配伍性和移染指数MI来保证用活性染料染色的一次成功率,尤其适合小浴比染色,具有节能减排的经济性。     

A Sensor for Acid Concentration Based on Cellulose Paper Sheets Modified with Polyaniline Nanoparticles

Sheets of cellulosic paper were modified with PAni nanoparticles through a chromatographic process. When exposed to acidic conditions, strips of the modified paper sheets are subject to RGB color changes that can be detected by a scanner (and similar devices used for image analyses). As a consequence, cellulosic paper sheets modified with PAni can be used for analyses of acid concentrations in liquid and gaseous streams. Aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid were used for modeling purposes and it was observed that color changes were most significant when the HCl content was between 0–500 ppm range. Materials were characterized by FT‐IR spectroscopy, optical microscopy, AFM, and SAXS techniques, in order to reveal the main characteristics of the produced materials.

     

涤/棉混纺织物分散/活性染料一浴染色工艺研究

本实验选择双一氯均三嗪结构的活性染料和耐碱型分散染料,探讨涤/棉(65/35)混纺织物分散/活性染料一浴染色工艺。通过单因素实验分析了染色温度、染色时间、无水硫酸钠浓度和碳酸钠浓度对织物染色效果的影响,得到优化的工艺。红色在硫酸钠60 g/L、碳酸钠2 g/L、温度120℃、时间30分钟工艺条件下染色;蓝色在硫酸钠浓度45 g/L、碳酸钠浓度2g/L、温度130℃、时间60分钟工艺条件下染色。     

一种新型球形纤维素吸附剂对水中Ni~(2+)的吸附行为

用静态法研究了一种新型球形纤维素吸附剂对水中Ni2+的吸附行为,探讨了吸附质的初始浓度、溶液的pH值、温度等因素对球形纤维素吸附剂吸附性能的影响,并进行了解析实验。结果表明:球形纤维素吸附剂吸附Ni2+的最佳pH值为8.0,而且Ni2+的初始浓度越大,球形纤维素吸附剂对其吸附量越高,当Ni2+的起始浓度达到235mg/L左右时,吸附量趋于饱和;采用浓度为1.5mol/L的HCl溶液作解吸液回收Ni2+的综合效果较好,回收率可达96.8%。