失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中铂族金属回收技术

主要对失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中的铂族金属回收技术做了综述。失效催化剂的回收技术包括催化剂预处理、铂族金属的富集、铂族金属的精炼、回收铂族金属后废渣的回收应用等多个环节。铂族金属的富集主要有火法与湿法两大工艺。火法工艺包括等离子熔炼法、金属捕集法、干式氯化法等技术;湿法工艺有载体溶解法、活性组分溶解法、全溶法及加压氰化法等技术。铂族金属的精炼主要有还原沉淀法、离子交换法、溶剂萃取法等。其中在富集工艺中火法有着处理量大、铂族金属回收率稳定、不需要处理大量废液等技术优势。     

失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中铂族金属回收技术

主要对失效汽车尾气净化催化剂中的铂族金属回收技术做了综述。失效催化剂的回收技术包括催化剂预处理、铂族金属的富集、铂族金属的精炼、回收铂族金属后废渣的回收应用等多个环节。铂族金属的富集主要有火法与湿法两大工艺。火法工艺包括等离子熔炼法、金属捕集法、干式氯化法等技术;湿法工艺有载体溶解法、活性组分溶解法、全溶法及加压氰化法等技术。铂族金属的精炼主要有还原沉淀法、离子交换法、溶剂萃取法等。其中在富集工艺中火法有着处理量大、铂族金属回收率稳定、不需要处理大量废液等技术优势。     

金属载体失效汽车尾气催化剂铂族金属回收工艺研究

失效汽车尾气催化剂已成为铂族金属重要的二次资源,其中以堇青石为载体的失效汽车尾气催化剂回收工艺的研究较多,而以金属载体的失效汽车尾气催化剂回收的研究较少。因为金属载体用湿法和火法回收比较困难,副产物多且污染较大。研究了一种新工艺来处理回收金属载体失效汽车尾气催化剂,该工艺流程简短,污染低,铂族金属综合回收率可达90%以上。     

汽车工业中铂族元素的应用和回收

随着全世界大量汽车的生产和报废,用于汽车工业中尾气净化的三元催化剂铂族元素越来越多,而自然界中铂族元素的稀缺性和贵重性,使得回收势在必行。本文讲述铂族元素的两种主要回收方法,即火法和湿法,并且重点介绍了两种主要方法中的金属铜捕集法和亚氯酸钠作氧化剂的活性组分溶解法。     

庄信万丰发布《铂金2012中期年鉴》

最近,庄信万丰发布了《铂金2012中期年鉴》,称由于供应量大幅减少,同时汽车尾气净化催化剂回收量降低,2012年铂金市场将从过剩转变为短缺。铂族金属开采的严重中断预计会使南非的销量减少,导致全球铂金供应量下降     

废弃负载型加氢处理催化剂金属回收技术进展

废弃负载型加氢处理催化剂是炼油工业中产生的固体废弃物,将其作为金属回收的原料,符合“减量化、再利用、资源化”的循环经济发展要求。本文综述了废弃加氢催化剂的金属回收利用技术,即废催化剂经过预处理去除烃类物质和结焦后,主要通过湿法或干法进行金属回收,得到一系列有价产品。湿法回收包括直接浸出法和碱性焙烧水浸法,目前碱性焙烧水浸法是被广泛研究的方法,此方法通过加入钠盐或钾盐同废催化剂混合焙烧后能显著提高某些金属在水中的溶解性,使后续的浸出过程更容易进行,缺点是对设备腐蚀性较大,易产生二次污染。本文还介绍了国内外主要废催化剂处理厂商对废催化剂金属回收的酸浸、碱浸、焙烧水浸、火法冶金等湿法及干法工艺,缩短湿法回收工艺流程以及降低干法回收能耗是今后废催化剂金属回收的发展方向。     

挖掘“移动的金矿”——贺利氏集团管委会主席凌瑞德谈在中国发展

<正>"贺利氏贵金属南京工厂的建成投产,将为在华业务的未来发展打下坚实的基础,进一步巩固我们在中国、亚洲和全球贵金属加工领域的市场领导地位。"贺利氏集团管理委员主席凌瑞德最近畅谈在中国的发展。契合中国发展规划凌瑞德指出,贵金属催化剂被誉为"移动的金矿",从废催化剂或其他行业中提纯回收贵金属具有重要的战略意义。目前中国是全球最大的铂族金属消费国,     

高浓度过氧化氢的制法

在含有助催化剂的水溶液中,氢和氧与载持有二氧化锆和氧化钒的复合氧化物的铂族金属催化剂接触进行反应。由于不必要象以前方法那样的高浓度的酸存在,催化剂的溶出损失和反应器材质的腐蚀小,可以制造高浓度的过氧化氢。高浓度过氧化氢的制法~~     

含铑催化剂回收再利用技术进展

论述了含铑催化剂回收的现状,指出国内企业与跨国公司的差距。介绍了国内外不同方法从含铑催化剂中回收铑,简要列举了几种常用的回收铑除去贱金属及有机物的方法,比较了制备水合三氯化铑的各种方法及水洗除钠方法,列举了合成ROPAC的不同方法并简要的介绍了一种直接从含铑催化剂制备新催化剂的方法,最后对未来10年内国内铑回收技术发展进行了展望。     

废SCR催化剂资源回收利用研究进展

废SCR催化剂中含有钒、钨和钛等稀缺有价金属,直接废弃不仅会造成环境污染,而且造成资源的浪费。因此,废SCR催化剂的高效处置引起了广泛关注,对废SCR催化剂中高附加值的元素进行资源回收利用具有良好的环境、资源、经济和社会效益。从废SCR催化剂的来源及危害、资源化处置必要性、处置现状和资源回收利用方法方面进行了分析总结,针对高附加值元素成分进行回收是较为合理的处置方案,并对资源化回收处理所带来的经济效益进行了估算。对废SCR催化剂进行资源化回收利用的应用前景十分可观。     

Hydrogenation of natural oils with platinum metal group catalysts

Studies in the hydrogenation of natural oils with catalysts of the platinum metals group have been limited mainly to platinum and palladium with only scant attention to rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium. This preference was dictated largely by economics, palladium being the only noble metal catalyst truly competitive on a usecoat basis with nickel in the hydrogenation of low-priced oils. This paper discusses the noble metal catalysts as a group, points out similarities and differences among the metals relevant to the hydrogenation of natural oils, and describes some of the practical applications of catalysis by palladium. One of 10 papers to be published from the Symposium “Hydrogenation”, presented at the AOCS Meeting, New Orleans, April 1970.     

Metal-catalyzed gasification of carbon

The catalytic hydrogenolysis(gasification) of carbon by dihydrogen in the presence of molybdenum carbide and platinum has been studied around 900 K. As indicated by X-ray absorption, the catalytic phases during the reaction were stable molybdenum carbide or slightly electron-deficient platinum. The rates of hydrogenolysis with molybdenum carbide were only slightly less than those with platinum, one of the most active metals for the reaction. However, these two types of catalyst showed different kinetic parameters and different behavior of catalyst particles during the reaction.     

Rhenium,tungsten and molybdenum as substitutes for plantinum in aromatics hydrogenation catalysts

Three metal substitutes for platinum on alumina-supported catalysts have been investigated. These metals are rhenium, tungsten and molybdenum. In the absence of platinum, these metals are catalytically inactive. At high hydrogenation temperatures (≥100°C) rhenium, tungsten and molybdenum appear to substitute platinum up to at least 66.7, 50 and 33.3% of the platinum atoms, respectively, providing almost the same conversion as platinum. At low hydrogenation temperatures (～50°C), the catalyst containing 0.6 wt% Pt is more active than those containing metallic combinations. At low reaction temperatures, in particular for high platinum substitution ratios, tungsten appears functionless whereas molybdenum may act as an inhibitor for platinum.     

Recycling GTL catalysts—A new challenge

The Fischer Tropsch synthesis of motor fuel from natural gas on a large scale may become significant in the near future for economic and environmental reasons. This process requires solid-phase catalysts containing large amounts of cobalt (catalyst) and traces of platinum group metals or rhenium (promoter). The economic data presented in this paper shows why recycling of those metals will be mandatory. Several recycling processes will be presented along with their technical challenges, most of which can be handled by Umicore using its know how and experience in the recycling of cobalt and the precious metals.     

过渡金属对Pt/SiC催化剂上CO氧化性能的影响

以SiC为载体、Pt为活性组分、过渡金属Fe、Co和Ni为助剂,采用浸渍法制备CO氧化催化剂。考察浸渍方法、助剂及其负载量、空速和催化剂焙烧温度等对Pt/SiC催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,助剂的加入提高了活性组分Pt在载体表面的分散度,并产生一定的相互作用,从而提高了催化剂活性,其中,铁助剂的助催化效果较好。共浸渍法制备的催化剂的催化活性优于分步浸渍法,Pt-Fe/SiC催化剂制备中焙烧温度500 ℃时,催化剂活性较佳,适量Fe助剂的添加能够显著提高Pt/SiC催化剂的活性。     

铑-铱双金属催化甲醇制醋酸工艺

采用贵金属铑和铱作为催化剂主成分,以α形态的三氧化二铝为载体,组成双金属非均相催化剂,考察该催化剂的最佳制备条件及催化效果.选用硝酸铑和硝酸铱分别作为铑和铱的前躯体,采用先浸渍焙烧铑再浸渍焙烧铱的制备方法,分别制备了不同铑铱质量分数的双金属催化剂,催化剂中的金属质量分数通过ICP-AES法来测定.该双金属催化剂在450...     

Selective Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Automobile Catalyst by Integrated Ion Exchange Methods

Selective recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs), such as Pd, Pt, and Rh, from spent automobile catalyst has been investigated by integrated ion exchange method using dihexyl sulfide (DHS) impregnated resin and commercial weak anion exchange resin (Diaion WA-21) as adsorbents. Batchwise adsorption revealed that the DHS impregnated resin possesses the selective adsorption ability for Pd and WA-21 possesses selectivity for all PGMs, especially Rh. Chromatographic separation of Pd with column packed with DHS impregnated resin can be selectively achieved. The chromatographic separation of Pd and Pt with a column packed with WA-21 is effectively progressed, while that of Rh is insufficient yield due to a slow adsorption rate. Separation of Rh from other two PGMs can therefore be achieved by switching the eluent. Both adsorbents show almost no adsorption abilities for other heavy metals containing in the spent automobile catalyst. Sequential chromatographic operation of the column packed with DHS impregnated resin followed by the column packed with WA-21 can be finally achieved to recover mutual PGM from leaching solution of spent automobile catalyst.     

家用燃煤炉低CO排放催化剂的制备及性能研究

从降低家用燃煤炉煤气中毒危险性的目的出发,以堇青石蜂窝陶瓷为载体,辅以γ-Al2O3结构性助剂和铈锆固溶体辅助催化剂,负载纳米铂、钯等贵金属主催化剂成分,制备了适合家用燃煤炉使用的低CO排放催化剂。SEM表征证明所负载的纳米铂钯等粒径分布均匀。通过在线检测CO实验证明,该催化剂能够有效地降低CO的排放量,提高煤炉燃烧效率。     

Catalyst for HCN synthesis by Andrussov's method, modified by aluminium oxide

The properties of a Pt-10% Rh gauze catalyst, modified by coating its surface with alumina film containing dispersed platinum metals, have been studied. The conversion, process yield and morphological changes of the surface of the modified catalyst are compared with those of a standard gauze applied in the HCN synthesis. For the first time it has been demonstrated, basing on HRTEM observations, that formation of a Pt-Al intermetallic compound on the surface of the gauze catalyst occurs under the conditions of HCN synthesis by Andrussov's method. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.