水蒸汽蒸馏法提取湿地松松针中挥发油和莽草酸的研究

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取了湿地松松针中挥发油和莽草酸,用高效液相色谱仪测定提取物中莽草酸的含量.通过单因素实验和正交试验,确定水蒸汽蒸馏法提取莽草酸的最佳工艺条件是:松针粒度为40目、料液比(/V)为1∶12、浸泡时间为6h、提取时间为4h,莽草酸的得率为1.32％.利用气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)联用技术对松针挥发油的化...     

挥发曲线法测定鹅不食草挥发油的研究

建立了鹅不食草挥发油含量测定新方法,并对水蒸汽蒸馏法一些提取条件(如粉末粗细,萃取溶剂,浸泡等)进行优化,以确定最佳提取方案。具体方法是:利用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取鹅不食草中挥发油,采用挥发曲线法测定挥发油含量。结果表明:水蒸汽蒸馏法的提取率最佳工艺是粉末先浸泡1～2 h,再进行水蒸气蒸馏法,用乙醚萃取为佳。挥发曲线法RSD为0.959%。挥发曲线法测定挥发油含量是一种成本低廉,操作简便,准确的测定方法。     

水蒸气蒸馏提取马尾松松针挥发油工艺研究

选用水蒸气蒸馏法提取马尾松松针挥发油,以挥发油的得率为指标,通过L9(34)正交实验法,考察松针投量、松针长度、加水量、提取时间对挥发油得率的影响。结果表明,松针投量对挥发油提取有显著影响(P<0.05),松针长度、加水量、提取时间无显著影响(P>0.05)。最佳提取工艺条件为:松针投量为200 g,松针长度为1.5 cm,加水量为650 mL(料液比为1∶3.25),提取4 h,挥发油得率为0.27%。     

酶法辅助提取生姜挥发油及其抗氧化活性研究

采用酶法辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取生姜挥发油,考察了酶种类、酶用量、酶解温度、酶解pH对酶法辅助提取生姜挥发油的影响,应用脂质过氧化法和DPPH自由基清除法测定生姜挥发油的抗氧化活性。结果表明,酶法提取生姜挥发油的最佳工艺条件是:纤维素酶,酶用量2.0%,酶解温度50℃,酶解pH为6.0,酶解时间2.0 h,水蒸气蒸馏3.0 h,挥发油提取率最高为3.86%。生姜挥发油抗脂质过氧化及对DPPH自由基清除均有良好效果。     

水蒸汽蒸馏的工艺条件对精油得率和能耗影响分析

本文对水蒸汽蒸馏提取植物原料中精油的机制进行了分析,从中揭示了水蒸汽流量,蒸馏压力等工艺条件对精油得率和能耗的影响,并阐明了采取其它一些工艺措施的理论根据和必要性。     

水蒸气蒸馏提取萼翅藤叶挥发油工艺研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取萼翅藤叶挥发油,以挥发油得率为指标,用正交实验,考察浸泡时间、提取时间、加水量3个因素对挥发油提取率的影响。结果表明,最佳提取条件为:加入5倍于原料质量的水,浸泡4 h,水蒸气蒸馏6 h,挥发油提取量最大,可达0.35%。     

桂丁挥发油的提取工艺研究及化学成分分析

对水蒸汽蒸馏法从桂丁中提取挥发油的工艺过程进行研究,并得到最佳的提取工艺条件为:60~100目颗粒,7倍量水,浸泡1 h,蒸馏7 h。利用气相色谱质谱联用仪对桂丁挥发油的组分和各组分相对百分含量进行测定,分离出31个色谱峰,鉴定出16种成分,占已分离组分总含量的98%以上,其中肉桂醛(92.37%)、邻-甲氧基肉桂醛(4.79%)为相对含量较高的成分。首次研究桂丁挥发油的提取工艺及化学成分,为合理开发利用桂丁提供依据。     

超临界CO2流体萃取肉桂油的研究

优选萃取肉桂油的工艺条件,分别采用水蒸汽蒸馏法和SFE—CO2提取肉桂油,进行SFE—CO2萃取肉桂油的正交试验,优选最佳萃取条件。由实验可知,SFE—CO2萃取肉桂油主要成分桂皮醛的得率大于水蒸汽蒸馏法,其最佳萃取条件为：萃取温度45℃,萃取压力20MPa,萃取时间2．5h。应用SFE—CO2萃取肉桂油,萃取率高,操作纯净,是具有相当发展潜力的提取分离方法。     

夜寒苏挥发油提取工艺研究

植物黄姜花的根茎夜寒苏为民间常用药食两用物质。通过单因素考察实验和正交实验研究料液比、蒸馏时间、浸泡时间对夜寒苏挥发油水蒸气蒸馏法提取效果的影响,确立最佳提取工艺。结果表明,最优提取条件为:料液比3∶10,提取前浸泡1 h,蒸馏时间3 h,在此工艺条件下,挥发油的收率可达0.217%。考察因素对提取率的影响程度为:料液比蒸馏时间浸泡时间。本研究确立了夜寒苏挥发油的提取工艺,为开发夜寒苏挥发油的药用、食用价值提供理论依据。     

超临界CO2和微波辅助萃取辽细辛挥发油

通过超临界CO2萃取辽细辛挥发油均匀设计实验和微波诱导萃取的正交实验比较，考察了影响提取的主要因素，得到了最佳萃取工艺. 超临界CO2萃取最佳工艺条件为：压力16 MPa,温度32oC，CO2流量20 kg/h和时间80 min，得率为3.78%；微波萃取最佳工艺条件为：辐射功率720 W，辐射时间50 s，溶剂用量300 ml，洗涤溶剂用量30 ml，得率为5.46%. 水蒸馏法提取率为1.62%. 结果表明，超临界CO2和水蒸馏法萃取辽细辛挥发油品质最好；微波萃取收率最高，但品质较差.     

Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) hull

ABSTRACT

Phenolic compounds were extracted from pistachio hull using microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MASE). The effects of four parameters, microwave power, extraction time, solvent to sample ratio, and ethanol concentration were evaluated. The extraction conditions were optimized by response surface methodology to enhance the total phenolic content (TPC). Optimal conditions were found as 140 W microwave power, 4.5 min extraction time, 19:1 (v/w) solvent to sample ratio, and 56% ethanol concentration to get maximum TPC (62.24 mg GAE/g dry hull). Also, MASE was compared with conventional solvent extraction (CSE) and MASE gave higher TPC, yield, and antioxidant activity.     

Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction of Antioxidant Extract from Garcinia pedunculata Robx.

The process of microwave assisted extraction of antioxidants extract from Garcinia pedunculata Robx. was optimized using response surface methodology. A Box-Behnkem design was used to investigate the effects of three independent variables, namely solvent concentration(%), solvent to sample ratio(v/w), and radiation time(min) on total antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Optimal conditions for extraction of antioxidants concluded that the solvent concentration be 70.79%, solvent to sample ratio be 20:1, and irradiation time at 4.73 minutes. However, the antioxidant activity of the extract was found to reach upto 85.98% DPPH radical scavenging activity and 19.23 mg-trolox equivalent/g dry weight. FTIR study revealed that, the extraction of antioxidant extract was higher with increase in irradiation time, but the antioxidant activity of the extract was lower with increase in time. The structural changes in plant material after extractions observed by light microscopy provided visual evidence of the disruption effect.     

Ultrasonic extraction of ferulic acid from Angelica sinensis

In this paper, the extraction of ferulic acid, a pharmacologically active ingredient from the root of Angelica sinensis with ultrasonic extraction was investigated. Percolation and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were also employed to make comparisons with ultrasonic extraction. Three variables, which including the concentration of solvent, the ratio of solvent volume to sample (mL/g), and extraction time, were found to have great influence on ultrasonic extraction. The optimum extraction conditions were using pure ethanol with a ratio of solvent volume to sample 8:1 (mL/g) and extraction time of 30 min. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the extraction yield could reach 6.5% mass fraction, which was higher than that of SFE process with ethanol as co‐solvent and nearly a content of ferulic acid 1.0%; both the yield and the content of ferulic acid were higher than those obtained by percolation. Moreover, the time of ultrasonic extraction was significantly shortened. Overall, Ultrasonic extraction was shown to be highly efficient in the extraction of ferulic acid from Angelica sinensis.     

Ultrasonic extraction of ferulic acid from Ligusticum chuanxiong

The extraction of ferulic acid, a pharmacologically active ingredient from the root of Ligusticum chuanxiong, with ultrasonic extraction was investigated. Percolation and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were employed to make comparisons with ultrasonic extraction. Three variables, which included the concentration of solvent, the ratio of solvent volume/sample (mL/g), and extraction time, were found to have a great influence on ultrasonic extraction. The optimum extraction was with pure ethanol with a solvent volume/sample ratio 8:1 (mL/g) and extraction time of 30 min. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the extraction yield could reach 8.8% which was higher than that using SFE with ethanol as co-solvent and a content of ferulic acid of 0.7%; both the yield and the content were higher than those obtained by percolation. Ultrasonic extraction significantly shortened the time required for the extraction process. Overall, ultrasonic extraction was shown to be highly efficient in the extraction of ferulic acid from Ligusticum chuanxiong.     

正交试验法优化橡胶籽油的提取工艺

采用溶剂法提取橡胶籽油,在单因素试验的基础上,用正交试验优化橡胶籽油的提取工艺。结果表明,橡胶籽油的最佳提取工艺为:提取溶剂为石油醚(60~90 ℃),原料粒度 0.90 mm 的橡胶籽 20 g,液料比7:1 (mL:g),提取温度 75 ℃,提取时间 8 h,此时橡胶籽油的得率为 35.17%。     

响应面法优化椪柑果皮精油提取新技术工艺研究

以靖安椪柑鲜果皮为原料,采用超声——微波协同萃取--有机溶剂相结合的集成技术提取果皮精油。考察了提取时间、提取温度及料液比对椪柑鲜果皮精油得率的影响,并采用响应面法建立了精油得率与提取时间、提取温度及料液比之间的关系,得到了最佳提取工艺条件：提取时间12.0min,提取温度为50.5℃、料液比为8.2：1（ml：g）。...     

深共熔溶剂-水混合物同步提取红景天苷和酪醇的响应面优化及其分离回收

以深共熔溶剂-水混合物（LAEG40）作为提取溶剂，红景天苷提取率为主要指标，酪醇提取率为辅助指标，在前期单因素实验的基础上，利用响应面法考察了液料比、提取温度、提取时间三个主要因素对红景天中红景天苷和酪醇同步提取的影响。得到的最佳提取条件为: 液料比12.05:1(mL/g)，提取温度60 ℃，提取时间35 min。在此条件下LAEG40对红景天苷的提取率可达到19.3552?0.6604 mg/g，酪醇提取率可达到1.7211?0.0585 mg/g，远高于传统溶剂水、乙醇对红景天苷和酪醇的提取率。为实现LAEG40提取红景天苷和酪醇的回收，进行了大孔树脂吸附分离的研究。经过一系列优化，获得的最佳吸附分离条件为：选用SP-825树脂装柱，每10g树脂上样30 mL LAEG40提取液，洗脱剂选用80 %乙醇，洗脱体积40 mL，洗脱流速1 mL/min，在此条件下红景天苷和酪醇的回收率分别可达60.47 %和85.07 %。     

Pilot-Scale Multi-Stage Countercurrent Extraction of Scutellarein from Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand-Mazz

Abstract

A low-temperature, timesaving, lower solvent consumption, and energy cost and multi-stage countercurrent extraction (MCCE) technique was developed for pilot-scale production of scutellarein from Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand-Mazz. The optimum conditions of MCCE process were obtained using the orthogonal array design method, i.e., 70% (v/v) of ethanol water solution, 16 L/kg of solvent to herbal sample ratio, 45°C of extraction temperature and 30 min of extraction time. A comparison between the MCCE technique and single pot extraction (SPE) under respective optimized operation conditions was made and time courses of scutellarein of MCCE and SPE processes were plotted, indicating that the MCCE technique can lower the extraction temperature and decrease five-sixth of the extraction time and two-thirds of the solvent consumption at the equivalent extraction yield of scutellarein.     

溶剂抽提法分离印尼油砂的实验研究

利用溶剂抽提法对印尼油砂进行萃取分离实验,综合考察了剂砂比、抽提温度、抽提时间、抽提次数等操作条件对油砂沥青提取的影响,确定较佳的油砂分离条件。结果表明,印尼油砂更适合采用溶剂抽提法分离,从油砂沥青提取率、操作成本和环保多角度考虑,在超声波的作用下,剂砂比为2．5,抽提温度40℃,抽提时间30min,抽提3次的条件下,油砂沥青的提取率较高,达到20．31％。     

辣椒红色素制备新工艺研究

辣椒红色素在食品添加剂、饮料、化妆品和医药行业中应用广泛,有着较大的市场需求。今用正己烷(60℃,液固比5:1,提取时间3.5 h,提取2次)从辣椒中提取得到辣椒红色素粗提物,再用液-液萃取法精制;重点考察了乙醇溶液的浓度、原料液和乙醇溶液比值、萃取次数等对萃取过程的影响,建立了一条从辣椒中提取辣椒红色素的工艺路线。萃取过程合适的工艺条件为:常温下,选用60%(V/V)乙醇水溶液作萃取剂,原料液和萃取剂的体积比值为4:1,萃取一次。在上述条件下,得到的辣椒红色素的色价和辣椒素含量分别为87.3,0.16%,达到GB10783-2008要求。