三组分可逆热致变色材料的专利综述

三组分可逆热致变色材料由于其材料选择的多样性,是目前在染料、印刷、示温材料、记录材料等领域应用最为广泛的有机可逆热致变色材料。专利申请中涉及三组分可逆热致变色材料的优化技术主要包括了组分的选择、助剂的添加、粘结剂的改进、添加保护层、微胶囊技术的改进。本文综述了专利申请在三组分可逆热致变色材料的发色剂、显色剂和溶剂上的研究以及相关性能的改进状况。     

不同芯材热敏变色微胶囊的制备及性能研究

以隐色染料结晶紫内酯、酚酞、苯酚红、甲基红为电子给予体、显色剂双酚A为电子接受体和十二醇为溶剂,制备了可逆热致变色复配物,以密胺脂为壁材,通过原位聚合法进行微胶囊化研究,并对制备条件进行了优化。利用扫描电子显微镜、热重分析法等对微胶囊进行了结构与性能表征。     

热敏黑可逆热致变色复配物及其微胶囊化研究

分别选用了二苯甲酮、苯甲酸苯酯和苄基苯基醚作为3组分可逆热致变色复配物的溶剂,选出变色较灵敏、对比度较高的苯甲酸苯酯复配物进行微胶囊包覆。结果表明溶剂与显色剂的作用力强度对热致变色复配物可逆变色性能有很大的影响,而通过微胶囊包覆的方法可以得到稳定性好、变色灵敏程度高、对比度强的可逆热致变色材料。     

可逆热致变色复配物的制备及微胶囊化研究

可逆热致变色是指一种颜色受热升温时变为另一种颜色,冷却后又恢复为原来的颜色的现象。热致变色材料主要由电子给予体、电子接受体和溶剂性化合物3类物质组成。其中决定颜色的是电子给予体,决定显色深浅的是电子接受体．溶剂则决定变色温度。当电子给予体与电子接受体之间发生电子转移平衡反应时。表现为可逆热致变色现象目。国内在可逆热致变色材料研究方面报道较少,近年来,国内有关科研单位,如北京航空航天大学、中科院化学所等已研制出了几种可逆热致变色材料四。研究开发出具有灵敏度高、可逆性好、稳定性强、使用寿命长、合成工艺简单实用的有机可逆热致变色材料已是备受国内外关注的研究领域。 对可逆热致变色复配物进行微胶囊化包覆。对其变色性能没有明显影响,但这样可将热致变色复配物与外界隔离。减少外界物质对其变色性能的影响,同时可避免受热变色时组分材料的流失,较好地保持其变色性能等刚,这将大大促进此类可逆热致变色性材料在测量、电子、医疗等领域的应用。本试验对热敏玫红TF-R1可逆热致变色复配物的微胶囊化采用原位聚合法,其壁材选用脲醛树脂。     

孔雀石绿-硼酸体系热致变色材料的制备与性能研究

本文选用孔雀石绿为发色剂,硼酸为显色剂,并分别选取丙二酸、草酸作为溶剂。按一定比例混合并进行加热合成孔雀石绿-硼酸体系可逆热致变色材料。考察不同质量配比样品的变色性、可逆反应的复色时间以及不同溶剂与用量对热致变色材料性能的影响。结果表明,孔雀石绿-硼酸体系可逆热致变色材料的最佳溶剂为丙二酸。确定了孔雀石绿∶硼酸∶丙二酸复配物最佳质量配比为1∶100∶10。该复配物在67℃时,颜色由浅绿色变为米白色,整个变色过程色泽鲜艳,变色敏锐,复色时间短且可逆性良好。     

可逆热致变色微胶囊的制备及性能研究

以内酯类热敏染料为发色剂,双酚A为显色剂,2-[4-(苄氧基)苯基]乙基癸酸酯为溶剂,制得微胶囊的芯材;以脲醛树脂为壁材,采用原位聚合法制得了可逆热致变色微胶囊。微胶囊性能测试结果表明,外观呈均匀球状,在60℃左右无色,当温度降低到20℃及以下显色;其变色性能具有可循环性,且具有良好的耐溶剂和耐热稳定性。     

热致可逆变色环氧树脂涂料的制备及装饰应用

针对传统环氧树脂涂料颜色单一,难以满足室内装饰美观的问题,提出用改性环氧树脂PEM结合热致可逆变色微胶囊制备热致可逆变色环氧树脂涂料,并考察了微胶囊乳液含量和固化剂种类对热致可逆变色环氧树脂乳液和其涂装后漆膜性能的影响。结果表明,微胶囊乳液含量在15%内,涂料稳定性较高,储存时间长;且微胶囊乳液含量在15%范围内,涂料漆膜光泽度、抗冲击强度、附着力和弹性随微胶囊乳液含量的增加而下降,硬度有所上升;用环己二胺作为固化剂制备的涂料漆膜光泽度和弹性较好;以此条件制备的热致可逆变色环氧树脂涂料,涂装漆膜随温度的升高,颜色变浅,且升温、降温都表现出相同的颜色变化规律,证实热致可逆变色性良好。     

关于微胶囊型热记录材料的研究(I)

介绍了由微胶囊化的碱性隐色染料和酚显色剂构成的热记录材料的热记录特性及微胶囊壁和其他成分的热特性.由于酚系显色剂和微胶囊壁的相互作用,酚系显色剂的熔化温度Tm及微胶囊的玻璃化温度Tg大大降低.最低的显色温度和降低了的Tm和Tg两者中较高的温度一致.     

关于微胶囊型热记录材料的研究(I)

介绍了由微胶囊化的碱性隐色染料和酚显色剂构成的热记录材料的热记录特性及微胶囊壁和其他成分的热特性。由于酚系显色剂和微胶囊壁的相互作用,酚系显色剂的熔化温度 Tm及微胶囊的玻璃化温度 Tg大大降低。最低的显色温度和降低了的 Tm和 Tg两者中较高的温度一致。     

可逆热变色材料

可逆热变色材料毛庆禄，赵贵文（中国科技大学应用化学系，合肥，２３００２６）一前言热变色材料即在指定温度区域内发色或消色的物质，其颜色改变具体指从无色到有色（发色）、颜色（Ａ）至颜色（Ｂ）、有色到无色（消色）。按其热变色的可逆性可分为可逆热变色材料，不...     

热敏材料微胶囊及热敏油墨的制备

用明胶 -阿拉伯树胶做壁材 ,热敏变色材料做心材制热敏材料微胶囊。阿拉伯树胶、明胶和心材三者质量比为 1∶1∶1,用甲醛固化壁材。固化前将体系调至pH =9。加入明胶质量 2 %的纳米级二氧化硅作隔离剂。与不加二氧化硅相比 ,加入二氧化硅后 ,彼此发生粘连的微胶囊数由占总数的 2 0 %降至 5 % .与不经包敷的热敏材料做的油墨相比 ,用热敏材料微胶囊做的油墨在 6 0℃下的储存期由 72h延长至 36 0h ;在 40℃由嫩黄色变成深桔红色前者需 4s,后者则需 3s;离开热源在 2 0℃室温下 ,前者 6s恢复原色 ,后者需 4s     

Reversibly thermochromic micro-fibres by coaxial electrospinning

A ‘solvent facilitated’ coaxial electrospinning process was used to produce reversible narrow temperature gap thermochromic, core-shell fibres. A thermochromic composite composed of crystal violet lactone (the leuco dye), bisphenol A (the developer) and 1-dodecanol (the phase-change solvent) was entrained as core material inside poly(methyl methacrylate) shells. A mutual core and shell solvent (chloroform) was used to obtain low interfacial tension between the core and shell spinning solutions. This enabled room temperature entrainment of the low molecular weight, low viscosity core fluid. In order to minimize the effect of light scattering and subsequently produce fibres with visible colour transitions, the fibres were produced with external diameters of 3-8 μm and core diameters of 1.7-5.7 μm. In order to produce core-shell fibres with repeated, reversibly thermochromic behaviour and a stable colour developed state, it was necessary to entrain a dye composite that contained an excess developer, essentially making this composite non-thermochromic prior to entrainment. The fibres were analyzed using SEM and DSC.     

Stabilization of flavylium dye by incorporation into the pore of protonated zeolites

Flavylium dye, a model compound of natural anthocyanin, has a defect that its color stability is very poor. We have complexed the flavylium dye with protonated zeolites and succeeded to enhance both the thermal and chemical stability of the dye. The aqueous dispersion of the flavylium/zeolite complex maintains its color even at 353 K or at pH 9, under which conditions the aqueous solution of the flavylium loses its color immediately. The stability is enhanced when the dye is incorporated into the pore of the zeolites, and a large stabilization effect is obtained by a tight adsorption with a narrow pore, as long as the dye is incorporated into the pore. Because of its enhanced color stability, the flavylium dye incorporated in the zeolite pore can be a candidate for an environmentally friendly coloring material.     

Insight into color change of reversible thermochromic systems and their incorporation into textile coating

Dynamic color and phase change of chosen thermochromic systems were deeply investigated and their incorporation into polyurethane textile coating was developed. The colorimetric properties of three commercial reversible leuco dyes-based thermochromic pigments (TPs) with activation temperature at 38, 50, and 60°C were studied. Color change as a function of temperature was evaluated and colorimetric values were related to phase transition temperatures via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement. Light fastness of commercial TPs in polyurethane coating was determined by accelerated aging measurement and the color stability has been improved by using ultraviolet absorber (UVA). This research opens new possibilities for smart textiles, which is a very promising field in high-technology materials.     

Single‐pack,self‐curable,aqueous‐based polyurethane dispersion containing a disperse dye

An organic‐solvent‐soluble disperse dye was introduced into an aqueous phase by a reaction with a self‐emulsified, aqueous‐based polyurethane (PU), and this resulted in the formation of a homogeneous, aqueous polymeric dye dispersion. This aqueous polymeric dye was stable in a water phase with excellent color extension upon application. It was formulated with a latent curing agent, polyaziridine (e.g., TMPTA‐AZ), as a single‐component, self‐curable, aqueous polymeric dye. The curing reaction took place between PU carboxylic acid and the latent curing agent upon drying. A self‐cured polymeric dye was obtained with excellent color extension and fastness and resistance to organic solvents and water after drying. This single‐component, self‐curable, aqueous‐based PU system containing a dye has potential for printing, writing, and dyeing applications. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2006 © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3741–3747, 2006     

原液着色环保聚酯纤维的开发

筛选了耐高温、色牢度优良的环保染料,将环保染料与溶剂、分散剂、润湿剂调配成原液着色的液态色浆,构建了一种耐高温、色牢度优良、能够稳定分散、环保、操作简便的染色体系,并以此开发了原液着色纤维。制成的原液着色纤维具有颜色均匀、色牢度高、色彩饱满、耐水洗、抗摩擦的效果,兼具成本低、绿色环保的特点。     

氧气液相催化氧化孔雀绿隐色体的环境友好工艺研究

研究了催化剂种类及用量、循环氧化剂四氯苯醌的用量、溶剂、底物初始浓度、醋酸用量、反应温度和反应时间对氧气液相氧化孔雀绿隐色体的影响。发现在乙醇介质中以金属络合物为催化剂、氧气为氧化剂、催化剂用量为底物质量的 3 %、四氯苯醌用量为底物质量的 0 91%、隐色体初始浓度为 3 3mol/L、醋酸用量与溶剂总量的体积比为 1∶6、于 5 0℃下反应 10h ,可以获得76 72 %的产品收率。工艺过程由于使用了价廉易得、无污染的氧气为氧化剂 ,因而对环境友好。氧化产物的结构经过核磁共振谱得以确认。     

热致变色材料在智能社会背景下发展现状及趋势

在社会智能化的进程中，热致变色材料作为一种特殊功能材料，在很多领域具有重要应用价值。首先介绍热致变色材料在智能社会背景下的最新应用，然后对其进行了简单分类，依据分类原则归纳总结其变色机理，最后对其未来发展趋势提出了一些见解。     

护色洗衣液的研制与研究

将市售固色剂、抗染料迁移剂分别配入洗衣液中,通过固色实验、抗染料迁移实验、配伍性实验,考察了不同护色剂在洗衣液中的护色效能。实验结果表明,洗衣液中加入质量分数为0.25%护色剂X时,固色性能、抗染料迁移性能较好。在此基础上配伍0.25%HP66K时,洗衣液抗染料迁移性能更佳。洗衣液配方（添加护色剂X和HP66K）采用完全非离子表面活性剂体系时,其固色性能、抗染料迁移性能较佳。