超声强化超临界流体萃取薏苡仁油和薏苡仁酯的影响因素及效果

考察了超声强化超临界流体萃取(USFE)薏苡仁中的薏苡仁油和薏苡仁酯的效果。以 CO2作为超临界流体分别研究了萃取过程中萃取温度、萃取压力、原料颗粒大小、超临界流体流量、超声参数、萃取时间等因素对萃取率的影响,并与超临界流体萃取(SFE)进行对比。结果表明,超声强化超临界流体萃取过程,最适宜的萃取温度为 40℃,比超临界流体萃取的最适宜的萃取温度降低了 5℃;最适宜的萃取压力为 20Mpa, 比超临界流体萃取的最适宜的萃取压力降低了 5Mpa;最佳萃取时间为 3.5h,比超临界流体萃取的最佳萃取时间缩短了 0.5h;萃取率提高约 10%左右。若萃取率相同时,流体流量可减少 0.5L·h-1 ,原料粒径的要求可放宽。     

超声强化超临界流体萃取海藻脱氢乙酸的研究

研究了超声强化超临界流体萃取海藻DHA技术,研究了萃取温度、萃取压力、流体流量以及萃取时间的影响.结果表明超声强化超临界流体萃取可以降低萃取温度、萃取压力以及超临界流体的流量,还可缩短萃取时间,提高萃取率.     

超临界流体萃取技术的应用与发展

介绍了国内外超临界流体萃取工艺及发展情况,在对超临界流体萃取原理及特点概述的基础上,就影响萃取效率的诸多因素：萃取压力、萃取温度、超临界流体流量及萃取时间等进行了阐述。分析了超临界流体技术的优越性,特别是在环境科学领域如废水处理、固体废物处理及污染监测中的应用。指出超临界流体技术是环境友好化学的发展趋势。     

超临界流体萃取技术发展概况

对超临界流体及超临界流体萃取进行了概述;简要阐述了超临界流体萃取的发展简史及研究现状;对超临界流体萃取技术的应用前景进行了综述性的介绍和预测。     

超临界二氧化碳萃取技术

超临界流体萃取(Supercritical Fluid Extraction)技术是一种新型的化工分离技术.本文综述了超临界流体萃取技术的发展.超临界流体的特性,介绍了超临界二氧化碳萃取技术在中草药,食品工业,香料工业和环保技术方面的应用,并对超临界二氧化碳萃取技术的现状和前景进行了分析.     

超临界CO2流体萃取装置的污染分析与控制

针对超临界CO2流体萃取装置的工艺特点,分析了超临界CO2流体萃取装置中主要污染物的组成种类及其主要来源,指出噪声是超临界CO2流体萃取装置的主要污染物,同时提出从污染源着手,控制和减少超临界CO2流体萃取装置污染的一些措施.     

超临界CO2流体萃取装置的污染分析与控制

针对超临界CO2流体萃取装置的工艺特点，分析了超临界CO2流体萃取装置中主要污染物的组成种类及其主要来源，指出噪声是超临界CO2流体萃取装置的主要污染物，同时提出从污染源着手，控制和减少超临界CO2流体萃取装置污染的一些措施。     

超临界流体萃取工艺与装置的研究和开发

介绍了超临界流体性质及超临界流体萃取试验的工艺过程，讨论了超临界流体萃取设备的设计及其工业化过程中存在的若干问题。     

超临界CO2流体萃取中的在线检测技术

综述了超临界CO2流体萃取中的在线检测技术,介绍了超临界CO2流体萃取与超临界流体色谱、气相色谱、高效液相色谱、核磁共振、近红外光谱等技术的联用在线检测,阐述了在线检测技术的优越性,提出了如何发展超临界CO2流体萃取中的在线检测技术。     

超临界流体耦合技术的现状及发展

超临界流体萃取技术作为一种新兴的分离技术,目前已经得到广泛研究和应用,但也存在不足.本文在对超临界流体萃取技术介绍的基础上,针对其不足,提出了超临界流体萃取技术与其他分离技术进行耦合是发展趋势.并重点对超临界流体萃取技术与膜分离技术、蒸馏技术、色谱技术及结晶技术的耦合做全面阐述.认为超临界流体耦合技术具有广阔发展前景,应重視其研究.     

超临界流体在环境保护中的应用和展望

超临界流体技术广泛应用于化工、医药、生物、食品、陶瓷等领域。将超临界流体技术用于环境保护则是一个新的研究方向，由于该技术对废物处理具有经济、快速、高效等特点，近几年来发展异常迅速。综述了超临界流体的特性以及超临界流体技术（超临界萃取、超临界色谱和超临界水氧化）在环境保护方面的应用现状。     

Separation of Phenantrene from Anthracene Oil using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a relatively new separation technique that has received much attention in recent years. This process is an alternative to distillation or liquid extraction. Its main advantage over the conventional ones is that the dissolved extract may be completely separated from the supercritical fluid simply by decreasing the pressure. In recent years considerable effort has been devoted to the measurement of equilibrium solubility data for solids in supercritical fluids. A coal tar distillate, anthracene oil, which contains 34.46 mass‐% phenanthrene, 33.8 mass‐% anthracene, 13.89 mass‐% carbazole and other impurities, was used as the model mixture. In this study, an experimental flow‐type apparatus has been designed to determine solubility data for the main components of anthracene oil (phenanthrene, anthracene, and carbazole) as a binary, quaternary, and multi component mixture in supercritical carbon dioxide. The equilibrium solubilities were measured at 45 °C isotherm, over a pressure range of 98–200 bar. The separation of phenanthrene from anthracene oil has been also studied by supercritical carbon dioxide at different temperatures and pressure in an extracting vessel containing 27 sieve trays.     

超临界流体技术的研究进展

本文对超临界流体萃取技术，超临界流体在化学反应、材料加工等领域中的研究现状及应用成果进行了评述。     

超临界流体技术发展动态

超临界流体技术是当前化学工程领域的热点之一。对超临界流体技术的几个研究领域 ,包括超临界流体萃取、超临界体系相平衡、超临界化学反应以及超临界流体技术在超细颗粒制备中的应用等方面及其最新发展动态作了全面阐述 ,并对今后的发展作了预测     

MASS TRANSFER IN A SEMIBATCH SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION CONTACTOR FOR LIQUID MIXTURES

The problem of mass transfer in a semibatch Supercritical Fluid Extraction contactor for liquid mixtures has been considered both theoretically and experimentally. The multicomponent mass transfer model is applied to the case of a gaseous solvent rising through the liquid to be extracted. The results obtained with this model are compared with those calculated by using a liquid-liquid extraction model recently extended to supercritical extraction contactors. A simplified model is developed and all of the models considered are tested on the basis of experimental data points. Experiments are carried out in a semi-batch pilot-size apparatus and results are presented for the systems Ethanol-Water-CO₂ at 17.0 MPa, 308 K and Isopropanol-Water-CO₂ at 10.3 MPa, 313 K. Models based on the gas-liquid extraction approach are capable of representing the concentration versus time profiles at the extractor, while the liquid-liquid approach predicts lower extraction effectiveness.     

超临界流体技术应用研究

超临界流体技术具有许多传统技术所没有的快速，高效，低能耗，污染少等优点，在材料制备，医药工业，生物工程，食物，环境，化工等许多方面展现了广阔的应用前景。综述了其在萃取，材料制备和作为反应介质等方面的应用。     

Mass transfer enhancement in supercritical fluid extraction by acoustic waves

A computational fluid dynamics model of extraction of a solute (caffeine) from a porous solid matrix (coffee beans) using a supercritical solvent (carbon dioxide) is developed. Supercritical fluid extraction of a solute from a solid matrix is a slow process even when solute free solvent is circulated. The use of acoustic waves represents a potential efficient way of enhancing mass transfer processes. The effect of acoustically excited flows on supercritical fluid extraction from a porous solid matrix is investigated. The mathematical model considers diffusion-controlled regime in the porous solid matrix and convective-diffusive transport in the bulk fluid. Henry's law is used to describe the equilibrium states of the solid and the fluid phases. Accurate representation of the thermo-physical properties of supercritical solvent is considered by using the NIST Standard Reference Database 12. The conservation equations for mass, momentum, energy and species are numerically solved using implicit finite volume method. The effect of process parameters, such as initial state (pressure and temperature) of solvent and acoustic waves on the yield of solute extraction is also investigated numerically.     

超临界流体萃取技术在香精香料工业中的应用和研究

:本文阐述了用超临界流体萃取技术在从天然芳香原料中提取香精香料的应用和研究进展等     

夹带剂对超临界CO2萃取过程的影响

超临界CO2 萃取技术是近年来兴起的一种高新物质分离精制技术 ,但其本身还存在着一些问题 ,如操作压力大、萃取时间长、对设备的要求较高、能耗相对也较大、提取能力小、萃取率有待进一步提高 ,从而限制了其应用领域的进一步拓展和大范围工业化生产的转化。采用夹带剂对超临界萃取过程进行强化 ,可有效提高萃取得率 ,降低操作压力等 ,因而成为人们研究的一个新方向 ,也将对超临界流体萃取技术产生重要的影响。本文就夹带剂对超临界CO2 萃取过程的影响及应用进行了论述 ,并提出了所存在的问题和研究方向。     

From supercritical carbon dioxide to gas expanded liquids in extraction and chromatography of lipids

Analytical‐scale extraction and chromatography of oils, fats and other liposoluble compounds can be achieved by using supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent. Since the 90's when supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) was a hot topic, this technology has developed into a robust, modern analytical technique that uses any proportions of compressed CO₂ mixed with an organic solvent. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) on the other hand is only recently starting to reform in a similar way, towards the use of more robust extraction system and enabling mixing of compressed CO₂ with larger proportions of organic solvents. In this Feature article, the development of SFC and SFE into what options we have today is described, including the latest trend of using CO₂‐expanded liquid (CXL) as extraction solvent for lipids.