PCB废水中有机物的处理

文章简要分析了PCB废水中有机物的来源、特点和处理难点,根据废水特性介绍了常用于PCB有机废水的处理工艺,提出生化法比较适合于PCB有机废水的处理,并介绍了生化池的运行要点。     

印制电路板废水的水质特点与排放管理

分析了印制电路板(PCB)废水中主要污染物的来源及特点,总结了PCB废水的分类与处理工艺,提出了PCB企业废水排放管理建议:对废水分类收集、分质处理、以废治废;推广应用清洁生产技术,最大限度地减少废水与污染物的排放量;加强废水处理设施和生产车间的运行管理,以推动PCB工业的可持续发展。     

线路板图形电镀铜针孔(凹坑)的形成原因及防治对策初探

介绍了线路板图形电镀铜的工艺流程和工艺规范。指出了针孔的产生原因。通过实验研究了各种因素对针孔的形成的影响,如前处理工艺、各种干膜的使用、显影后的水洗温度、鼓气及关闭鼓气、过滤循环泵的使用以及镀铜润湿剂等。实验结果表明：前处理工艺中除油剂的选用对针孔的产生影响较大;不同品牌的干膜对针孔的产生影响不同;鼓气不良、管道漏气是PCB图形电镀铜产生针孔的主要原因;均匀鼓气、加大显影后的水洗温度、增大镀铜润湿剂含量,均可减少针孔的产生;而关闭鼓气、保证铜槽管道接口密封,使用过滤循环泵做板则不会产生针孔。对该镀层进行的热冲击、深镀能力和附着力实验表明,关闭鼓气并不影响镀层性能。目前该工艺已应用于生产中。     

电子工业园PCB和五金电镀综合废水水质分类及其处理

通过对深圳市宝安区某电子工业园PCB和综合电镀废水处理工艺的改造,对原处理工艺不达标的原因进行了分析,提出了改造后新的废水分类处理工艺。经过近一年的运行实践,新的废水处理系统运行良好。对废水进行合理、适度的分流处理是实现废水综合处理最终出水达标的先决条件。     

涂装前处理工艺的选择

介绍了钢铁件、铝合金及塑料件等工件涂装前的表面处理工艺，分析了前处理工艺对涂装效果的影响。     

绿色涂装技术在铝轮毂前处理工艺中的应用

介绍了新型环保铝轮毂的前处理工艺,对工艺进行了改进优化.并介绍了涂装前处理生产线运行过程中废气、废渣、废水等的处理技术,将前处理节水技术应用于前处理工艺中,推荐一种新型的废热吹水方式,为涂装前处理工艺向绿色涂装的方向发展提供新思路.     

特种聚合物材料表面金属化前处理工艺的研究进展

对不同类型的聚合物及其复合材料表面金属化前处理工艺进行了综述,讨论了影响镀层附着力的主要因素,展望了特种聚合物表面金属化前处理工艺的前景。     

铝基化学镀Ni-P前处理工艺对镀层结合力的影响

从原理及工艺条件的选择上对铝基化学镀Ni-P的"二次浸锌法"、"预镀镍法"和"直接镀法"3种前处理工艺进行了较详细的讨论,同时分析了3种前处理工艺对Ni-P镀层与基体间结合强度的影响及原因.     

不同前处理工艺对白木香叶防癌活性的影响

以清除亚硝酸根离子能力为指标,探究3种不同前处理工艺对白木香叶中防癌活性的影响,以获得最佳前处理工艺。实验表明,采用冷冻干燥处理的白木香叶提取物防癌活性显著优于其他前处理工艺,适用于白木香叶规模化生产。     

PP/废PCB粉共混体系的动态力学性能分析

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/废印刷电路板非金属粉(废PCB粉)共混体系,利用动态力学性能分析法(DMA)研究了废PCB粉含量、改性剂聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)及振动频率对共混体系动态力学性能的影响。实验结果显示:PP/废PCB粉共混体系的储能模量和损耗模量较纯PP均有所增大,且随废PCB粉含量的增加进而增大,力学损耗因子峰值和玻璃化转变温度则有所下降;相容剂PP-g-MAH的加入使废PCB粉和PP之间形成较牢固的界面层,使共混体系储能模量较改性前进一步增加,而损耗模量和力学损耗因子峰值较改性前有所减小;振动频率对共混体系的动态力学性能亦有一定影响,随振动频率的增加,共混体系的储能模量提高,损耗模量和力学损耗因子峰值则有所减小。     

Influence of glass mechanical strengthening on the adhesion properties of poly(vinyl butyral) films to a float glass surface

The effects of various methods of mechanical strengthening of glass on the adhesion properties of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) film to a float glass surface were investigated. The mechanisms of the influence of the strengthening processes on the adhesion properties were analyzed. The influence of different types of pretreatment of the glass surface on the adhesion of the polymer films was also considered. It was shown that ion-exchange strengthening followed by treatment with an alkaline water solution provided the best combination of high mechanical strength of glass and good adhesion of the PVB films to the glass surface. Metal-oxide coatings on float glass increased the mechanical strength of glass but decreased the adhesion strength between the polymer and glass. The adhesion of PVB to the metal-oxide layers was determined not only by the chemical composition of the layers, but also by the method of layers formation, the type of glass surface pretreatment, and the nature of the intermediate layer between the metal-oxide layer and the glass surface.     

陶瓷表面的化学镀

陶瓷材料具有优良的电学、热学和机械性能,是使用广泛的高技术材料.采用化学镀方法在陶瓷表面可获得多种功能性镀层,以满足各方面需要.本文论述了常用的陶瓷表面镀覆不同金属、合金的化学镀及其前处理工艺.     

金属表面硅烷处理技术

根据金属腐蚀及涂层防腐原理,研究了金属表面硅烷处理工艺技术及处理后的功能特性,分别进行了中性盐雾、铜加速醋酸盐雾、电偶腐蚀、大气暴露和海水浸泡试验。结果表明,金属表面硅烷处理工艺技术可以取代涂装前磷化及铬化处理。该技术具有常温处理、无毒性无污染的特点,可广泛应用于涂装前处理与防腐领域。     

Adsorption of methylene chloride vapor on activated carbons

A laboratory investigation on the adsorption of hazardous methylene chloride (METH) vapor on the commercial activated carbons BPL and PCB, which were made from bituminous coal and coconut shell, respectively, was conducted at 283, 293, 303, and 313 K. The physical properties and surface functional groups of the two activated carbons were also measured and compared with each other. The experimental results indicate that the adsorption capacity of carbon PCB is slightly higher than that of carbon BPL. It was found that the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption equations were well fitted by the measured adsorption data. The values of the parameters of the adsorption equations were determined for the two adsorbents. The physical properties (e.g. micropore volume) of the adsorbents are consistent with the parameters obtained from the adsorption results.     

Effect of corona discharge on the stability of the adhesion of thin silicone-organic coating to polyamide fiber surface made by the sol–gel method

This paper presents the effect of pretreatment of polyamide (PA6) nonwoven with corona discharge on the stability of the adhesion of thin hydrophobic silicone-organic coating based on vinyltriethoxysilane, made by the sol–gel method. This pretreatment with corona discharge causes a change in the physicochemical properties of the PA6 fiber surface. These changes include, among others, an increase in the fiber surface roughness, wettability, and surface free energy. At the same time, XPS and EDS investigations have shown an increase in the degree of oxidation and the formation of functional polar groups on the fiber surface (C–O–, C–OH, and O=C–O–). As a result of the changes in the surface properties of pretreated PA6 fibers, a higher degree of the sol deposition was obtained compared with that for untreated nonwoven surface. The assessment of the stability of the adhesion of thin hydrophobic coating to the fiber surface was carried out on the basis of changes in the content of silica deposited on fibers and the kinetics of water contact angle after washing and abrasion processes. In the end, the PA6 nonwoven, pretreated with corona discharge, shows a higher stability of the adherence of the thin silicone-organic coating and a higher degree of hydrophobicity than the untreated nonwoven.     

Voltage switchable surface-modified carbon black nanoparticles for dual-particle electrophoretic displays

In order to produce the black color for electrophoretic display (EPD) applications in dual-particle systems, a primary-like sized carbon black (PCB) surface modification method is developed and the electrophoretic properties of the resulting functionalized particles are reported. The PCB surface was chemically modified by hydroxylation and subsequent esterification. The final capping material of the PCB nanoparticle surface was a bulky fatty oleic acid, which was expected to improve dispersion stability and to produce electrostatic chargeability in a low dielectric medium. The zeta potential calculated from the measured electrophoretic mobility with a charge control agent was −31 mV. When the negatively chargeable oleic acid-capped PCB nanoparticles mixed with the positively chargeable polymer-coated white TiO₂ nanoparticles, the PCB nanoparticles showed electrophoretic movement at an applied bias voltage of less than 5 V, which demonstrated potential application for very low voltage operation in EPDs.     

无磷涂装预处理新工艺

评述了涂装磷化预处理的环境污染及各国公布的限用措施和新的总磷排放标准,介绍了最近国内外开发的取代磷化的氟锆酸盐(氧化锆)预处理、硅烷偶联剂预处理和钢铁表面配合物膜预处理等3种类型预处理的优缺点,重点介绍了FPC405钢铁电泳涂装前防锈封闭剂、FPC406钢铁喷漆前防锈封闭剂和FPC408钢铁喷塑前防锈封闭剂等3种表面配...     

纳米铜导电墨水在电子印刷线路板制备中的应用进展

近年来,随着电子行业的发展,人们更多开始关注纳米材料在电子印刷电路板（printed circuit board,PCB）中的应用,新型、高效、经济、环保的技术方法逐渐替代传统制造工艺。本文综述了不同种纳米材料导电墨水的制备方法和新型印制电路板制备技术的发展,通过对比不同反应物、添加剂以及不同方法对最终生成的纳米铜导电墨水性能的影响,针对性介绍了适应于不同要求的纳米材料制备工艺技术。此外,介绍了不同的烧结工艺和打印工艺对最终生成PCB线路的影响。相对于传统的覆铜板刻蚀电路技术污染大、材料浪费、工艺复杂等缺点,新工艺结合纳米材料性能,利用高精度设备,着重向低成本、少污染、时间短、能耗低的方向进行一系列研究,文章还讨论了未来PCB行业在5G的应用发展方向和可能遇到的机遇和挑战。     

热解炭黑对水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附-催化过程机理研究

废轮胎热解炭黑（PCB）对水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ) 的去除率高于工业用活性炭（CAC），而且达到吸附平衡的时间也较短。分别从物理和表面化学性能角度研究了热解炭黑对水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ) 的吸附-催化耦合过程机理：热解炭黑和工业用活性炭均能为HCrO₄^-提供通畅的孔道；热解炭黑表面和带负电的HCrO₄^-离子间的排斥作用比工业用活性炭表面与HCrO₄^-离子间的排斥作用弱，直接强化了热解炭黑对水溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附-催化耦合过程。热解炭黑对Cr (Ⅵ)强大的吸附量归因于其特殊的表面微化学环境。